版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/jb19900111/article/details/88884848
环境：
VMware Centos7.6系统 全部禁止selinux和firewalld
1、安装配置docker
[root@k8smaster ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
[root@k8smaster ~]# docker version
Client:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26
Package version: docker-1.13.1-94.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.10.3
Git commit: b2f74b2/1.13.1
Built: Tue Mar 12 10:27:24 2019
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Server:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26 (minimum version 1.12)
Package version: docker-1.13.1-94.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.10.3
Git commit: b2f74b2/1.13.1
Built: Tue Mar 12 10:27:24 2019
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
配置国内镜像源
[root@k8smaster ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
2、下载所需的docker镜像，因为kubeadm默认从谷歌源下载，国内用不了
[root@k8smaster ~]# cat getk8s_images.sh
#!/bin/bash
images=(
kube-apiserver:v1.14.0
kube-controller-manager:v1.14.0
kube-scheduler:v1.14.0
kube-proxy:v1.14.0
pause:3.1
etcd:3.3.10
coredns:1.3.1
kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.0
heapster-amd64:v1.5.4
heapster-grafana-amd64:v5.0.4
heapster-influxdb-amd64:v1.5.2
pause-amd64:3.1
)
for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName k8s.gcr.io/$imageName
done
[root@k8smaster ~]# sh -x getk8s_images.sh
3、配置yum源安装kube系列工具
[root@k8smaster ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
[root@k8smaster ~]# yum -y install kubelet kubeadm kubectl --disableexcludes=kubernetes
开启kubelet服务并将其开机启动
4、关闭swap
vim编辑/etc/fstab将swap行注释，并执行swapoff -a
5、配置网卡
执行命令echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables
6、执行初始化部署k8s master
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.14.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.238.132
从一大堆输出中得到需要手动执行的四个命令
[root@k8smaster ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@k8smaster ~]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8smaster ~]# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
查看版本
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"14", GitVersion:"v1.14.0", GitCommit:"641856db18352033a0d96dbc99153fa3b27298e5", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-03-25T15:53:57Z", GoVersion:"go1.12.1", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"14", GitVersion:"v1.14.0", GitCommit:"641856db18352033a0d96dbc99153fa3b27298e5", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-03-25T15:45:25Z", GoVersion:"go1.12.1", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
7、根据配置文件安装k8s所需的插件
[root@k8smaster ~]# cd k8s/
[root@k8smaster k8s]# ls
admin-user-role-binding.yaml admin-user.yaml kube-flannel.yml kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
[root@k8smaster k8s]# cat admin-user.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
[root@k8smaster k8s]# cat kube-flannel.yml
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
privileged: false
volumes:
- configMap
- secret
- emptyDir
- hostPath
allowedHostPaths:
- pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
- pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
- pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
# Users and groups
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
# Privilege Escalation
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
# Capabilities
allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN']
defaultAddCapabilities: []
requiredDropCapabilities: []
# Host namespaces
hostPID: false
hostIPC: false
hostNetwork: true
hostPorts:
- min: 0
max: 65535
# SELinux
seLinux:
# SELinux is unsed in CaaSP
rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
verbs: ['use']
resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/status
verbs:
- patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: flannel
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
data:
cni-conf.json: |
{
"name": "cbr0",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
net-conf.json: |
{
"Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
"Backend": {
"Type": "vxlan"
}
}
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-amd64
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
hostNetwork: true
nodeSelector:
beta.kubernetes.io/arch: amd64
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-arm64
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
hostNetwork: true
nodeSelector:
beta.kubernetes.io/arch: arm64
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-arm
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
hostNetwork: true
nodeSelector:
beta.kubernetes.io/arch: arm
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
hostNetwork: true
nodeSelector:
beta.kubernetes.io/arch: ppc64le
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64le
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64le
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-s390x
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
hostNetwork: true
nodeSelector:
beta.kubernetes.io/arch: s390x
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390x
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390x
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
[root@k8smaster k8s]# cat admin-user-role-binding.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: admin-user
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
[root@k8smaster k8s]# cat kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# Configuration to deploy release version of the Dashboard UI compatible with
# Kubernetes 1.8.
#
# Example usage: kubectl create -f <this_file>
# ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
namespace: kube-system
rules:
# Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
verbs: ["create"]
# Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["configmaps"]
verbs: ["create"]
# Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]
verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
# Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["configmaps"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
verbs: ["get", "update"]
# Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services"]
resourceNames: ["heapster"]
verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services/proxy"]
resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
containers:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
image: reg.qiniu.com/k8s/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.3
ports:
- containerPort: 8443
protocol: TCP
args:
- --auto-generate-certificates
# Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
# If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
# to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
# - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
volumeMounts:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
mountPath: /certs
# Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
- mountPath: /tmp
name: tmp-volume
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
scheme: HTTPS
path: /
port: 8443
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
volumes:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
secret:
secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- name: tmp-volume
emptyDir: {}
serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
# Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
建立admin用户
[root@k8smaster k8s]# kubectl create -f admin-user.yaml
[root@k8smaster k8s]# kubectl create -f admin-user-role-binding.yaml
安装flannel插件
首先下载kube-flannel.yml，内容与上文一致
[root@k8smaster k8s]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
[root@k8smaster k8s]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
可以从已经下好的dashboard配置文件安装，也可以从网络配置文件安装，内容一样
[root@k8smaster k8s]# kubectl apply -f http://mirror.faasx.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
安装后查看pods和services
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system coredns-fb8b8dccf-2g6zg 1/1 Running 0 53m
kube-system coredns-fb8b8dccf-whzf9 1/1 Running 0 53m
kube-system etcd-k8smaster 1/1 Running 0 52m
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8smaster 1/1 Running 0 52m
kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8smaster 1/1 Running 0 52m
kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-fp48s 1/1 Running 0 49m
kube-system kube-proxy-9zcfj 1/1 Running 0 53m
kube-system kube-scheduler-k8smaster 1/1 Running 0 52m
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-576695b89b-ftqdr 1/1 Running 0 26s
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-head-6745d6bb9c-z44qh 1/1 Running 0 45m
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get services --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
default kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 17h
kube-system kube-dns ClusterIP 10.96.0.10 <none> 53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP 17h
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.101.226.92 <none> 443:31534/TCP 16h
此时只能在vmware虚拟机访问web页面，要想在其它机器访问页面，三种方法：
第一种，使用代理功能，必须按照下方所示将监听ip与允许访问ip指出
[root@localhost k8s]# kubectl proxy --address='192.168.238.132' --accept-hosts='^*$'
Starting to serve on 192.168.238.132:8001
但是只能访问登陆页面，点击登陆按钮没反应，此种方式失败
第二种，修改dashboard配置文件，
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl -n kube-system edit service kubernetes-dashboard
把倒数第三行type: ClusterIP修改为type: NodePort
但是登陆时chrome不支持，如下图
此种方式也失败
第三种，使用api登陆。查看api监听端口
[root@k8smaster ~]# netstat -anlp|grep api|grep LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 :::6443 :::* LISTEN 10442/kube-apiserve
生成证书
[root@k8smaster ~]# grep 'client-certificate-data' ~/.kube/config | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2}' | base64 -d >> kubecfg.crt
[root@k8smaster ~]# grep 'client-key-data' ~/.kube/config | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2}' | base64 -d >> kubecfg.key
[root@k8smaster ~]# openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -inkey kubecfg.key -in kubecfg.crt -out kubecfg.p12 -name "kubernetes-client"
Enter Export Password:
Verifying - Enter Export Password:
打开chrome，将文件kubecfg.p12导入（设置-隐私-证书管理），重启chrome，访问https://:/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy
选择token认证方式，获取token命令如下
[root@k8smaster k8s]# kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
Name: admin-user-token-mg5pd
Namespace: kube-system
Labels: <none>
Annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: dd283570-5137-11e9-ac60-000c2994187a
Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
Data
====
ca.crt: 1025 bytes
namespace: 11 bytes
token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi11c2VyLXRva2VuLW1nNXBkIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQubmFtZSI6ImFkbWluLXVzZXIiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC51aWQiOiJkZDI4MzU3MC01MTM3LTExZTktYWM2MC0wMDBjMjk5NDE4N2EiLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZS1zeXN0ZW06YWRtaW4tdXNlciJ9.hhBZcdEsjB3Q7GYexwi-W61lLGnQGiIN0rfqs_3v9tZQ7X25KJkrgI16nCVAVoh0H1qPTZDse2o-0KprmoDwJFALFYm9ogjc3TYLUqzIPqh7yUhgq6qLvs-kCI_g_uEohM5J2eeKv4PXb5imLfrbIcEgx5A3OwMvGoo4a4G8NT1pEHZlHvKFAhXoWdu-7dN9RNFljjA-QCwM9z63kekh-eVH3cDCzvQlOTaNrG9g82QoeJy4FrSkiygmOMkZb51RQxKi7ZTGuqWHeJGKsScIEC50ag5rij6SvtDJVdqIZ19XzJe9-RacQs-e1h0AjtWtqlblt-Ex8GvRLnaRaFieVw
此时能成功登陆
再安装calico插件
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl apply -f http://mirror.faasx.com/kubernetes/installation/hosted/kubeadm/1.7/calico.yaml
configmap/calico-config created
daemonset.extensions/calico-etcd created
service/calico-etcd created
daemonset.extensions/calico-node created
deployment.extensions/calico-kube-controllers created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-cni-plugin created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-cni-plugin created
serviceaccount/calico-cni-plugin created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-kube-controllers created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-kube-controllers created
serviceaccount/calico-kube-controllers created
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system calico-etcd-nvqqv 1/1 Running 0 8s
kube-system calico-kube-controllers-b76649dc9-598k9 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 8s
kube-system calico-node-sbgrx 0/2 ContainerCreating 0 7s
kube-system coredns-fb8b8dccf-2g6zg 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system coredns-fb8b8dccf-whzf9 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system etcd-k8smaster 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8smaster 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8smaster 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-fp48s 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kube-proxy-9zcfj 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kube-scheduler-k8smaster 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-576695b89b-ftqdr 1/1 Running 1 16h
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-head-6745d6bb9c-z44qh 1/1 Running 1 17h
等了很久，终于全部启动
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system calico-etcd-nvqqv 1/1 Running 0 49s
kube-system calico-kube-controllers-b76649dc9-598k9 1/1 Running 0 49s
kube-system calico-node-sbgrx 2/2 Running 0 48s
kube-system coredns-fb8b8dccf-2g6zg 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system coredns-fb8b8dccf-whzf9 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system etcd-k8smaster 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8smaster 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8smaster 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-fp48s 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kube-proxy-9zcfj 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kube-scheduler-k8smaster 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-576695b89b-ftqdr 1/1 Running 1 16h
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-head-6745d6bb9c-z44qh 1/1 Running 1 17h
8、配置k8snode节点并将其添加进集群
在node节点依次安装docker，关闭swap，执行echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables，安装kubeadm，kubectl等工具
在master节点查看现存的token
[root@k8smaster kubernetes]# kubeadm token list
TOKEN TTL EXPIRES USAGES DESCRIPTION EXTRA GROUPS
zyd0ba.9qv7oqba31fgwlz6 5h 2019-03-29T03:59:05-04:00 authentication,signing The default bootstrap token generated by 'kubeadm init'. system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
计算当前证书的sha256值
[root@k8smaster kubernetes]# openssl x509 -pubkey -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt | openssl rsa -pubin -outform der 2>/dev/null | openssl dgst -sha256 -hex | sed 's/^.* //'
04500371c4b79afa4102edec9952b26780772586c656b374fd3466f3f993e916
利用token名字和sha256值添加节点，在node上执行
[root@k8snode ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.238.132:6443 --token zyd0ba.9qv7oqba31fgwlz6 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:04500371c4b79afa4102edec9952b26780772586c656b374fd3466f3f993e916
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[WARNING Service-Kubelet]: kubelet service is not enabled, please run 'systemctl enable kubelet.service'
[preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml'
[kubelet-start] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.14" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service
[kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...
This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.
Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.
9、排错
在master端发现node状态时NotReady。
在node执行
[root@k8snode ~]# journalctl -u kubelet |tail
报错1：
“/system.slice/docker.service”: unknown container “/system.slice/docker.service”
解决办法：
修改文件10-kubeadm.conf
[root@k8snode ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf
在KUBELET_CGROUP_ARGS变量赋值后面添加 " --runtime-cgroups=/systemd/system.slice --kubelet-cgroups=/systemd/system.slice "
[root@k8snode ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf
# Note: This dropin only works with kubeadm and kubelet v1.11+
[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf --runtime-cgroups=/systemd/system.slice --kubelet-cgroups=/systemd/system.slice"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
# This is a file that "kubeadm init" and "kubeadm join" generates at runtime, populating the KUBELET_KUBEADM_ARGS variable dynamically
EnvironmentFile=-/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env
# This is a file that the user can use for overrides of the kubelet args as a last resort. Preferably, the user should use
# the .NodeRegistration.KubeletExtraArgs object in the configuration files instead. KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS should be sourced from this file.
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/kubelet
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_KUBEADM_ARGS $KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS
报错2：
Container runtime network not ready: NetworkReady=false reason:NetworkPluginNotReady message:docker: network plugin is not ready: cni config uninitialized
解决办法：
从master把/etc/cni目录scp到node节点的/etc/下
不过又一次实验中，不要需要进行这个操作，等一会儿node节点就可以自动生成/etc/cni目录，内容与master节点中的一样。
参考
https://www.cnblogs.com/RainingNight/p/using-kubeadm-to-create-a-cluster.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/RainingNight/p/deploying-k8s-dashboard-ui.html
https://juejin.im/post/5b8a4536e51d4538c545645c#heading-7