SSM框架整合过程总结

步骤一：需求分析与数据库设计

根据需求与和业务需求设计好数据库，主要是包括设计数据库的结构以及需要完成的一些功能（crud）

步骤二：搭建数据库

1.创建数据库

2.创建表结构

3.增加约束与视图等

步骤三：搭建基本的maven项目

1.导入相应的依赖包

SSM所需依赖包如下,在pom.xml的dependencies下写入：

<!--Junit单元测试包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据库驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Servlet - JSP -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Mybatis依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <!--Spring和Mybatis整合所需依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Spring依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
<!--使用lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.10</version>
        </dependency>

2.解决静态资源导出问题

在pom.xml新增以下代码

<!--解决maven静态资源导出问题-->
  <build>
  <resources>
      <resource>
          <directory>src/main/java</directory>
          <includes>
              <include>**/*.properties</include>
              <include>**/*.xml</include>
          </includes>
          <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
      <resource>
          <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
          <includes>
              <include>**/*.properties</include>
              <include>**/*.xml</include>
          </includes>
          <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
  </resources>
</build>

步骤四：构建基本的项目结构

1.构建包结构

pojo(实体类包)

dao(数据库持久层)

service(服务层)

controller(前端控制器)

2.构建基本资源文件(在resource下建)

mybatis-config.xml（Mybatis配置文件）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
      PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
      "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

</configuration>

applicationContext.xml (Spring配置文件)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

</beans>

database.properties(数据库连接资源文件)

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# mysql 8.0及以上驱动包位置发生了改变要这样写:
# jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
# mysql8.0及以上url也发生了一点点改变，应该这样写:
# jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=用户名
jdbc.password=用户密码

步骤五：编写Mybatis层代码

1.编写实体类

实体类根据ORM原则进行编写，这里我们用lombok节约时间

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Books {
   private int bookID;
   private String bookName;
   private int bookCounts;
   private String detail;
}

2.编写表对应的Mapper接口

如上述的BooksMapper,并且这里我们采用注解的方式来快速开发

public interface BooksMapper {
   //增加一本书
   @Insert("insert into books(bookName, bookCounts, detail) VALUES (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{details})")
   int addBooks(Books books);
   //删除一本书
   @Delete("delete from books where bookID=#{id}")
   int deleteBookById(@Param("id") int id);
   //更新一本书
   @Update("update books set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail}")
   int updateBooks(Books books);
   //查询一本书
   @Select("select * from books where bookID=#{id}")
   Books queryBooksById(@Param("id") int id);
   //查询全部书
   @Select("select * from books")
   List<Books> queryAllBooks();
}

3.在resource下编写对应的Mapper.xml文件

这里我们创建BooksMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--绑定到对应的接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.zyx.dao.BookMapper">

</mapper>

4.将Mapper绑定到Mybatis配置文件中

也就是我们这里的mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
   <!--配置数据源，交给Spring去做-->

   <!--起别名,指向实体类包-->
   <typeAliases>
       <package name="com.zyx.pojo"/>
   </typeAliases>
   <mappers>
   <!--将BooksMapper.xml绑定进来-->
       <mapper resource="BooksMapper.xml"/>
   </mappers>
</configuration>

就此Mybatis层代码全部搞定!

5.编写service层代码

(1)编写service接口

这里是BooksService

public interface BooksService {
   //增加一本书
   int addBooks(Books books);
   //删除一本书
   int deleteBookById(int id);
   //更新一本书
   int updateBooks(Books books);
   //查询一本书
   Books queryBooksById(int id);
   //查询全部书
   List<Books> queryAllBooks();
}

(2)编写接口实现类

这里是BooksServiceImpl

public class BooksServiceImpl implements BooksService{
   //service层调dao，所以需要有一个dao层的mapper对象
   private BooksMapper booksMapper;
   //为了方便Spring对它进行注入，写上set方法
   public void setBookMapper(BooksMapper booksMapper) {
       this.booksMapper = booksMapper;
  }

   public int addBooks(Books books) {
       return booksMapper.addBooks(books);
  }

   public int deleteBookById(int id) {
       return booksMapper.deleteBookById(id);
  }

   public int updateBooks(Books books) {
       return booksMapper.updateBooks(books);
  }

   public Books queryBooksById(int id) {
       return booksMapper.queryBooksById(id);
  }

   public List<Books> queryAllBooks() {
       return booksMapper.queryAllBooks();
  }
}

就此Mybatis层代码全部完成

步骤六：编写Spring层代码

1.编写Spring整合DAO层的资源文件

就是这里的Spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
<!--1.关联数据库相关文件-->
   <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!--2.数据源(种类有)
   dbcp：半自动化操作，不能自动连接，需要手动连接
   c3p0：自动化操作，自动化加载配置文件，并且可以自动设置到对象中
   druid
   hikari
   DriverManngerDateSource Spring默认数据源
   这里我们使用C3P0
-->
   <bean class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" id="dataSource">
       <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
       <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
       <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
       <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

       <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
       <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
       <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
       <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
       <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
       <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
       <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
       <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
       <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
   </bean>
<!--3.sqlSessionFactory-->
   <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
       <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
       <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
       <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
   </bean>

   <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
   <!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
   <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
       <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
       <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
       <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
       <property name="basePackage" value="com.zyx.dao"/>
   </bean>
</beans>

2.编写Spring整合service层资源文件

这里的文件为Spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
   <!--1.扫描service下的包-->
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.zyx.service"/>
   <!--2.将业务类注入到Spring容器中，可以使用配置，也可以使用注解
       注解则不需要以下代码
   -->
   <bean class="com.zyx.service.BookServiceImpl" id="bookService">
       <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
   </bean>
   <!--3.声明式事务配置-->
   <bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" id="transactionManager">
   <!--注入数据源-->
       <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
   </bean>

   <!--4.aop事务支持-->

</beans>

注：使用注解要在接口实现类上方加上@Service

到此Spring层代码全部完成！

步骤七：编写SpringMVC层代码

1.增加web支持，并创建所需要的文件夹

这里比较简单不过多解释

2.编写SpringMVC配置资源文件

我们这里为Spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">


<!--1.注解驱动-->
   <mvc:annotation-driven/>
   <!--2.静态资源过滤-->
   <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
   <!--3.扫描包 扫描Controller-->
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.zyx.controller"/>
   <!--4.视图解析器-->
   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
       <property name="prefix" value="WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
       <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
   </bean>
</beans>

3.编写web.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
        version="4.0">
<!--DispatcherServlet-->
   <servlet>
       <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
       <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
       <!--绑定到配置文件-->
       <init-param>
           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
           <param-value>classpath:Spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
       </init-param>
       <!--设置启动级别，和Tomcat一起启动-->
       <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>
   <servlet-mapping>
       <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>
   <!--乱码过滤器-->
   <filter>
       <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
       <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
       <init-param>
           <param-name>encoding</param-name>
           <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
       </init-param>
   </filter>
   <filter-mapping>
       <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>
   <!--为了安全设置Session过期时间-->
   <session-config>
       <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
   </session-config>
</web-app>

步骤八：配置Tomcat

略

步骤九：根据需求增加业务

就是编写controller层代码和视图层

如

index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
 <head>
   <title>首页</title>
 </head>
 <body>
 <a href="/allBook">点击跳转到数据展示页面</a>
 </body>
</html>

BookController.java

@Controller
public class BookController {
   //controller层调service层
   @Autowired
   @Qualifier("bookService")
   private BookService bookService;

   //查询所有书籍并且返回到书籍展示页面
   @RequestMapping("/allBook")
   public String list(Model model){
       List<Books> books = bookService.queryAllBooks();
       model.addAttribute("list",books);
       return "allBook";
  }
}

allBook.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
   <title>书籍展示页面</title>
</head>
<body>
${list}
</body>
</html>