（C++服务器学习笔记）：Windows环境TCP服务端、客户端案例

目录

用Socket API建立简易TCP服务端、客户端

设置工程输出目录和中间目录

创建基本的Windows网络环境

Windows服务端程序

Windows客户端程序

用Socket API建立简易TCP服务端、客户端

• 用Socket API建立简易TCP服务端
  • 建立一个socket
  • 绑定接受客户端连接的端口 bind 
  • 监听网络端口 listen 
  • 等待接受客户端连接 accept 
  • 向客户端发送一条数据send 
  • 关闭socket  closesocket
• 用Socket API建立简易TCP客户端
  • 建立一个socket
  • 连接服务器 connect
  • 接收服务器信息 recv
  • 关闭socket  closesocket

设置工程输出目录和中间目录

$(SolutionDir)../bin/$(Platform)/$(Configuration)\

$(SolutionDir)../temp/$(Platform)/$(Configuration)/$(ProjectName)\

创建基本的Windows网络环境

• 引入头文件，WinSock2.h放在上面，否则出现重定义问题

#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <windows.h>

• 或者使用宏 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>

• 创建基本的windows网络环境程序

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")

int main()
{
    WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2,2);
    WSAData dat;
    WSAStartup(ver, &dat);

    WSACleanup();
    return 0;
}

• 上面在代码中添加，为了跨平台，可以选择在项目属性，链接器，输入，附加依赖库中添加，而不写在代码中

• 最终项目调试结果：

Windows服务端程序

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#include <windows.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <cstdio>

#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")

int main()
{
    WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2,2);
    WSAData dat;
    WSAStartup(ver, &dat);

    //1.创建socket套接字
    SOCKET sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);

    //2,bind 绑定用于接收客户端连接的端口
    sockaddr_in sinAddr = {};
    sinAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sinAddr.sin_port = htons(5678); //host to net unsigned short
    sinAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;  //inet_addr("127.0.0.1")
    if (SOCKET_ERROR == bind(sock, (sockaddr*)&sinAddr, sizeof(sockaddr_in)))
    {
        printf("Bind Error\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("Bind Success\n");
    }

    //3. listen 监听网络端口
    if (SOCKET_ERROR == listen(sock, 5))
    {
        printf("Listen Error\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("Listen Success\n");
    }
 
    //4.accept 接收客户端连接
    sockaddr_in clientAddr = {};
    int clAddrLen = sizeof(sockaddr_in);

    SOCKET sockAccpt = INVALID_SOCKET;    

    char msgBuff[] = "Hello，I am Sever.";
    int msgBuffLen = strlen(msgBuff) + 1;

    while(true)
    {
        sockAccpt = accept(sock, (sockaddr*)&clientAddr, &clAddrLen);

        if (INVALID_SOCKET == sockAccpt)
        {
            printf("Accept Error\n");
        }
        else
        {
            printf("Accept Success\n");
        }
        printf("新客户端地址：IP = %s \n", inet_ntoa(clientAddr.sin_addr));

        // 5.send 向客户端发送数据
        send(sockAccpt, msgBuff, msgBuffLen, 0);
    }

    // 6.closesocket 关闭套接字
    closesocket(sock);
    closesocket(sockAccpt);

    WSACleanup();
    return 0;
}

• 针对于Windows设计的某些错误，如需要定义#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS，也可以通过关闭SDL检查排除

Windows客户端程序

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#include <windows.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <cstdio>
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")

int main()
{
    WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
    WSAData dat;
    WSAStartup(ver, &dat);

    //1.建立一个socket
    SOCKET sockCli = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (INVALID_SOCKET == sockCli)
    {
        printf("Socket Error\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("Socket Success\n");
    }

    //2. connect连接服务器
    sockaddr_in servAddr = {};
    servAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    servAddr.sin_port = htons(5678);
    servAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");

    int ret = connect(sockCli, (sockaddr*)&servAddr, sizeof(sockaddr_in));

    if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
    {
        printf("Connect Error\n");
    }
    else
    {
        printf("Connect Success\n");
    }

    //3.接收服务器信息 recv
    char recvBuff[256] = {};
    int nlen = recv(sockCli, recvBuff, 256, 0);
    if (nlen > 0)
    {
        printf("接收到数据：%s \n", recvBuff);
    }


    //4.关闭套接字 closesocket
    closesocket(sockCli);

    WSACleanup();
    getchar();
    return 0;
}

• 结果显示

• 上述服务器与客户端通信过程小结：