3 -＞ 嵌入式 Linux l2tp 移植、配置和测试记录

其他 2021-03-22 10:30:27 阅读次数: 0

网上关于 纯 l2tp 协议 移植、配置的博文很多，本次移植与测试时看了很多，把 l2tp 协议、网络结构与配置对应关系说清楚、并验证通过的真实记录很少，本篇以实践过程记录为主线，简介 l2tp 与ppp的原理。

L2TP（Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol） VPN是一种用于承载PPP报文的隧道技术；使用L2TP VPN隧道“承载”PPP报文在Internet上传输有多种方式，1、通过传统拨号方式接入Internet，2、以太网方式接入Internet。

PPP(Point-to-Point Protocol)，链路层协议。PPP是为了在点对点物理链路(例如RS232串口链路、电话ISDN线路等)上传输OSI模型中的网络层报文而设计的，它改进了之前的一个点对点协议-SLIP协议–只能同时运行一个网络协议、无容错控制、无授权等许多缺陷，PPP是现在最流行的点对点链路控制协议。
ppp与l2tp 协议间的关系，可参考下图：
在这里插入图片描述
用户通过PPPoE方式发起建立连接指令，其本质就是:
echo “c vpn” > /var/run/xl2tpd/l2tp-control 启动 l2tp vpn 的控制程序,程序中采用 PPPoL2TP 的方式，与 L2TP 的服务器进行鉴权、协商并建立 l2tp vpn 隧道，建成后的隧道在操作系统中体现方式：虚拟的网络设备PPP 网卡。

  1. l2tp 移植
    1.1) 配置 xl2tpd 软件包及依赖库
    本文嵌入式系统为新唐nuc980 的 arm9 硬件平台，采用 buildroot 方式移植 xl2tp 软件包，linux版本:4.4.200 ；
    menuconfig中配置参数如下:
    -> Target packages
    -> Networking applications
    -*- pppd
    [*] filtering
    [*] radius
    [*] xl2tp

依赖库配置:
-> Target packages
-> Libraries
-> Networking
-*- libpcap
-> Target packages
-> Libraries
-> Crypto
-*- openssl
[*] openssl binary
[*] openssl additional engines
编译生成image 和 rootfs 镜像文件，在目标机上配置 xl2tpd 的参数。nuc980 作为 xl2tpd 的服务器端，ubuntu 16 做为客户端。

1.2）配置 /etc/init.d/xl2tpd 启动脚本
参考配置文件路径:
build-2016/package/xl2tp$ cat xl2tpd
内容如下:

#!/bin/sh
#
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/xl2tpd
PIDFILE=/var/run/xl2tpd.pid

test -f $DAEMON || exit 0

case "$1" in
  start)
    start-stop-daemon -S  -p $PIDFILE -x $DAEMON -- -D &
    ;;
  stop)
    start-stop-daemon -K  -p $PIDFILE -x $DAEMON
    ;;
  restart|force-reload)
    start-stop-daemon -K  -p $PIDFILE -x $DAEMON 
    sleep 1
    start-stop-daemon -S  -p $PIDFILE -x $DAEMON
    ;;
  *)
    echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/xl2tdp {start|stop|restart|force-reload}"
    exit 1
    ;;
esac

exit 0

把此文件脚本，拷贝至rootfs系统下: /etc/init.d/xl2tpd,赋予执行权限.
chmod 755 xl2tpd

  1. 服务器端的参数配置
    本次实验采用的 xl2tpd ，服务器端内容配置如下。

2.1） 配置 /etc/xl2tpd # cat xl2tpd.conf

[global]
port =1701
ipsec saref = no
access control = no
auth file=/etc/xl2tpd/l2tp-secrets
debug network = yes
debug state = yes
debug packet = yes
debug tunnel = yes

[lns default]
exclusive = yes
ip range = 100.0.0.100-100.0.0.200
local ip = 100.0.0.10
refuse pap = yes
; require authentication = yes
require chap = yes
name = vpnServer
ppp debug = yes
pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/option.l2tpd.lns
length bit = yes

1.2） xl2tpd 的客户端登录认证用户名 缺省文件

/etc/xl2tpd # cat l2tp-secrets ，此文件并没有使能内容。

# Secrets for authenticating l2tp tunnels
# us	them	secret
# *		marko blah2
# zeus		marko	blah
# *	*	interop

1.3） xl2tpd服务端ppp通讯参数

/etc/ppp # cat option.l2tpd.lns

#ktune
#ipcp-accept-local
#ipcp-accept-remote
#ms-dns 8.8.8.8

lock
noauth
dump
logfd 2

require-mschap-v2
ms-dns 192.168.123.111        # 给拔号用户分配 dns 服务器地址
lcp-echo-interval 10
lcp-echo-failure 3

#noccp
#auth
#nocrtscts
#idle 1800
#mtu 1500
#mru 1500
#nodefaultroute
#debug
#nolock
#logfile /var/log/ppp.log          # 日志文件路径
#proxyarp
#connect-delay 5000
#kdebug 2
#record /var/log/pppd.log
#receive-all
#refuse-chap
#refuse-pap

3.客户端的参数配置

3.1） xl2tp 客户端配置参数

robot@ubuntu: /etc/xl2tpd$ cat xl2tpd.conf

[global]
port =1701
auth file=/etc/xl2tpd/l2tp-secrets
debug network = yes
debug tunnel = yes
debug state = yes
debug packet = yes

[lac vpn]

name = robot                                  ;L2TP的账号
lns = 192.168.123.111                         ;L2TP的服务器IP
pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/peers/testvpn.l2tpd     ;PPPD拨号配置文件

ppp debug = yes
redial = yes
redial timeout = 15

require chap = yes
refuse pap = yes
require authentication = yes

length bit =yes
rx bps = 100000000
tx bps = 100000000

3.2）xl2tp 鉴权文件，客户端未启用
robot@ubuntu:/etc/xl2tpd$ sudo cat l2tp-secrets

# Secrets for authenticating l2tp tunnels
# us	them	secret
# *		marko blah2
# zeus		marko	blah
# *	*	interop

3.3）ppp拨号文件配置内容
robot@ubuntu:/etc/ppp/peers$ sudo cat testvpn.l2tpd

remotename default
user "robot"
password "123"
unit 0
nodeflate
nobsdcomp
noauth
persist
nopcomp
noaccomp
maxfail 5
debug
  1. 实验参数记录
    4.1）启动服务器端命令
    /etc/xl2tpd # xl2tpd -C xl2tpd.conf -D
    显示内容如下
xl2tpd[1364]: IPsec SAref does not work with L2TP kernel mode yet, enabling force userspace=yes
xl2tpd[1364]: setsockopt recvref[30]: Protocol not available
xl2tpd[1364]: Not looking for kernel support.
xl2tpd[1364]: xl2tpd version xl2tpd-1.3.6 started on (none) PID:1364
xl2tpd[1364]: Written by Mark Spencer, Copyright (C) 1998, Adtran, Inc.
xl2tpd[1364]: Forked by Scott Balmos and David Stipp, (C) 2001
xl2tpd[1364]: Inherited by Jeff McAdams, (C) 2002
xl2tpd[1364]: Forked again by Xelerance (www.xelerance.com) (C) 2006
xl2tpd[1364]: Listening on IP address 0.0.0.0, port 1701
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 103, tunnel = 0, call = 0 ref=0 refhim=0

4.2）启动客户端命令
root@ubuntu:/etc/xl2tpd# service xl2tpd restart #重启xl2tpd服务
root@ubuntu:/etc/xl2tpd# echo “c vpn” > /var/run/xl2tpd/l2tp-control #启动l2tp登录、触发ppp连接

root@ubuntu:/etc/xl2tpd# ifconfig

ens33     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0c:29:54:7b:a5  
          inet addr:192.168.123.88  Bcast:192.168.123.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::42db:54c2:99b8:c1d8/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:8223 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:3778 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:3051947 (3.0 MB)  TX bytes:346937 (346.9 KB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:834 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:834 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:64959 (64.9 KB)  TX bytes:64959 (64.9 KB)

ppp0      Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol  
          inet addr:100.0.0.100  P-t-P:100.0.0.10  Mask:255.255.255.255
          UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:7 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:7 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:3 
          RX bytes:69 (69.0 B)  TX bytes:63 (63.0 B)

查询客户端 xl2tp 运行日志如下
root@ubuntu:/etc/xl2tpd# systemctl status xl2tpd.service

● xl2tpd.service - LSB: layer 2 tunelling protocol daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/xl2tpd; bad; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-01-02 09:40:06 CST; 20min ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 3844 ExecStop=/etc/init.d/xl2tpd stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 3879 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/xl2tpd start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   CGroup: /system.slice/xl2tpd.service
           ├─3884 /usr/sbin/xl2tpd
           └─5101 /usr/sbin/pppd passive nodetach : refuse-pap auth require-chap name robot debug file /etc/ppp/peers/testvpn.l2tpd plugin pppol2tp.so pppol2tp 8    # ！！！采用 pppol2tp 的拨号方式

Jan 02 09:59:47 ubuntu pppd[5101]: rcvd [LCP EchoRep id=0x7 magic=0x5d9a7049]
Jan 02 09:59:47 ubuntu pppd[5101]: rcvd [LCP EchoReq id=0x15 magic=0x5d9a7049]
Jan 02 09:59:47 ubuntu pppd[5101]: sent [LCP EchoRep id=0x15 magic=0xcda959de]
Jan 02 09:59:57 ubuntu pppd[5101]: rcvd [LCP EchoReq id=0x16 magic=0x5d9a7049]
Jan 02 09:59:57 ubuntu pppd[5101]: sent [LCP EchoRep id=0x16 magic=0xcda959de]
Jan 02 10:00:07 ubuntu pppd[5101]: rcvd [LCP EchoReq id=0x17 magic=0x5d9a7049]
Jan 02 10:00:07 ubuntu pppd[5101]: sent [LCP EchoRep id=0x17 magic=0xcda959de]
Jan 02 10:00:14 ubuntu xl2tpd[3884]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.91.45, size = 20, tunnel = 50916, call = 0 ref=0 refhim=0
Jan 02 10:00:14 ubuntu xl2tpd[3884]: control_finish: message type is Hello(6).  Tunnel is 34227, call is 0.
Jan 02 10:00:14 ubuntu xl2tpd[3884]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.91.45, size = 12, tunnel = 50916, call = 0 ref=0 refhim=0

4.3) 服务器端调试信息
xl2tp 服务器端调试打印信息如下

packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 C8 67 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80 08 00 00 00 00 00 01 80 08 00 00 00 02 01 00 80 0A 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 03 80 0A 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 06 06 90 80 0C 00 00 00 07 75 62 75 6E 74 75 00 13 00 00 00 08 78 65 6C 65 72 61 6E 63 65 2E 63 6F 6D 80 08 00 00 00 09 10 14 80 08 00 00 00 0A 00 04 }
ASCII: {
    
       g                                                           ubuntu      xelerance.com                }
xl2tpd[1364]: get_call: allocating new tunnel for host 192.168.123.88, port 1701.
xl2tpd[1364]: control_finish: message type is Start-Control-Connection-Request(1).  Tunnel is 4116, call is 0.
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     C8 02 00 67 10 14 00 00 00 00 00 01 80 08 00 00 00 00 00 02 80 08 00 00 00 02 01 00 80 0A 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 03 80 0A 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 06 06 90 80 0C 00 00 00 07 28 6E 6F 6E 65 29 00 13 00 00 00 08 78 65 6C 65 72 61 6E 63 65 2E 63 6F 6D 80 08 00 00 00 09 D7 3E 80 08 00 00 00 0A 00 04 }
ASCII: {
    
        g                                                          (none)      xelerance.com       >        }
xl2tpd[1364]: control_finish: sending SCCRP
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 20, tunnel = 55102, call = 0 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 C8 14 00 3E D7 00 00 01 00 01 00 80 08 00 00 00 00 00 03 }
ASCII: {
    
         >               }
xl2tpd[1364]: control_finish: message type is Start-Control-Connection-Connected(3).  Tunnel is 4116, call is 0.
xl2tpd[1364]: Connection established to 192.168.123.88, 1701.  Local: 55102, Remote: 4116 (ref=0/0).  LNS session is 'default'
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 48, tunnel = 55102, call = 0 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 C8 30 00 3E D7 00 00 02 00 01 00 80 08 00 00 00 00 00 0A 80 08 00 00 00 0E 55 79 80 0A 00 00 00 0F 00 00 00 02 80 0A 00 00 00 12 00 00 00 00 }
ASCII: {
    
       0 >                     Uy                    }
xl2tpd[1364]: control_finish: message type is Incoming-Call-Request(10).  Tunnel is 4116, call is 0.
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     C8 02 00 1C 10 14 55 79 00 01 00 03 80 08 00 00 00 00 00 0B 80 08 00 00 00 0E FC F8 }
ASCII: {
    
           Uy                    }
xl2tpd[1364]: control_finish: Sending ICRP
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 50, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 C8 32 00 3E D7 F8 FC 03 00 02 00 80 08 00 00 00 00 00 0C 80 0A 00 00 00 18 05 F5 E1 00 80 0A 00 00 00 13 00 00 00 01 00 0A 00 00 00 26 05 F5 E1 00 }
ASCII: {
    
       2 >                                        &    }
xl2tpd[1364]: control_finish: message type is Incoming-Call-Connected(12).  Tunnel is 4116, call is 21881.
xl2tpd[1364]: start_pppd: I'm running: 
xl2tpd[1364]: "/usr/sbin/pppd" 
xl2tpd[1364]: "passive" 
xl2tpd[1364]: "nodetach" 
xl2tpd[1364]: "100.0.0.10:100.0.0.100" 
xl2tpd[1364]: "refuse-pap" 
xl2tpd[1364]: "name" 
xl2tpd[1364]: "vpnServer" 
xl2tpd[1364]: "debug" 
xl2tpd[1364]: "file" 
xl2tpd[1364]: "/etc/ppp/option.l2tpd.lns" 
xl2tpd[1364]: "/dev/pts/1" 
xl2tpd[1364]: Call established with 192.168.123.88, Local: 64760, Remote: 21881, Serial: 2
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 26, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 C0 21 01 01 00 10 02 06 00 00 00 00 05 06 B4 EE 9B D9 }
ASCII: {
    
       >      !                }
pppd options in effect:
debug		# (from command line)
nodetach		# (from command line)
logfd 2		# (from /etc/ppp/option.l2tpd.lns)
dump		# (from /etc/ppp/option.l2tpd.lns)
require-mschap-v2		# (from /etc/ppp/option.l2tpd.lns)
refuse-pap		# (from command line)
name vpnServer		# (from command line)
/dev/pts/1		# (from command line)
lock		# (from /etc/ppp/option.l2tpd.lns)
passive		# (from command line)
lcp-echo-failure 3		# (from /etc/ppp/option.l2tpd.lns)
lcp-echo-interval 10		# (from /etc/ppp/option.l2tpd.lns)
ms-dns xxx # [don't know how to print value]		# (from /etc/ppp/option.l2tpd.lns)
100.0.0.10:100.0.0.100		# (from command line)
using channel 3
Using interface ppp0
Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/1
sent [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <auth chap MS-v2> <magic 0xba036f5d> <pcomp> <accomp>]
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 25 10 14 55 79 FF 03 C0 21 01 01 00 19 02 06 00 00 00 00 03 05 C2 23 81 05 06 BA 03 6F 5D 07 02 08 02 }
ASCII: {
    
     @  %  Uy   !             #     o]    }
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 35, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 C0 21 02 01 00 19 02 06 00 00 00 00 03 05 C2 23 81 05 06 BA 03 6F 5D 07 02 08 02 }
ASCII: {
    
       >      !             #     o]    }
rcvd [LCP ConfAck id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <auth chap MS-v2> <magic 0xba036f5d> <pcomp> <accomp>]
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: select timeout
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: select timeout
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 26, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 C0 21 01 01 00 10 02 06 00 00 00 00 05 06 B4 EE 9B D9 }
ASCII: {
    
       >      !                }
rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0xb4ee9bd9>]
sent [LCP ConfAck id=0x1 <asyncmap 0x0> <magic 0xb4ee9bd9>]
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     sent [LCP EchoReq id=0x0 magic=0xba036f5d]
40 02 00 1C 10 14 55 79 FF 03 C0 21 02 01 00 10 02 06 00 00 00 00 05 06 B4 EE 9B D9 }
ASCII: {
    
     @     Uy   !                }
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 14 10 14 55 79 FF 03 C0 21 09 00 00 08 BA 03 6F 5D }
ASCII: {
    
     @     Uy   !      o]}
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 18, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 C0 21 09 00 00 08 B4 EE 9B D9 }
ASCII: {
    
       >      !        }
sent [CHAP Challenge id=0xe2 <f1eb1a13f6aa84ed91ea59c425d14354>, name = "vpnServer"]
rcvd [LCP EchoReq id=0x0 magic=0xb4ee9bd9]
sent [LCP EchoRep id=0x0 magic=0xba036f5d]xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 18, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 C0 21 0A 00 00 08 B4 EE 9B D9 }
ASCII: {
    
       >      !        }
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 2A 10 14 55 79 FF 03 C2 23 01 E2 00 1E 10 F1 EB 1A 13 F6 AA 84 ED 91 EA 59 C4 25 D1 43 54 76 70 6E 53 65 72 76 65 72 }
ASCII: {
    
     @  *  Uy   #               Y % CTvpnServer}

rcvd [LCP EchoRep id=0x0 magic=0xb4ee9bd9]
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 69, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 C2 23 02 E2 00 3B 31 8B E9 AA 52 92 C1 49 5E DB 2D FB 4F 07 91 B7 77 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 B4 58 4F 60 A1 16 34 D1 30 3A DD DD 2B 2D AE 8C 59 1C BB 71 10 E8 18 CE 00 72 6F 62 6F 74 }
ASCII: {
    
       >      #   ;1   R  I^ - O   w         XO`  4 0:  +-  Y  q     robot}
rcvd [CHAP Response id=0xe2 <8be9aa5292c1495edb2dfb4f0791b7770000000000000000b4584f60a11634d1303adddd2b2dae8c591cbb7110e818ce00>, name = "robot"]
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 14 10 14 55 79 FF 03 C0 21 0A 00 00 08 BA 03 6F 5D }
ASCII: {
    
     @     Uy   !      o]}
sent [CHAP Success id=0xe2 "S=E58CEE285B030CCAA8A16E0F31DACF1DA26A221F M=Access granted"]
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 4B 10 14 55 79 FF 03 C2 23 03 E2 00 3F 53 3D 45 35 38 43 45 45 32 38 35 42 30 33 30 43 43 41 41 38 41 31 36 45 30 46 33 31 44 41 43 46 31 44 41 32 36 41 32 32 31 46 20 4D 3D 41 63 63 65 73 73 20 67 72 61 6E 74 65 64 }
ASCII: {
    
     @  K  Uy   #   ?S=E58CEE285B030CCAA8A16E0F31DACF1DA26A221F M=Access granted}
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 20, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 80 21 01 01 00 0A 03 06 00 00 00 00 }
ASCII: {
    
       >      !          }
sent [CCP ConfReq id=0x1 <deflate 15> <deflate(old#) 15> <bsd v1 15>]
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 1B 10 14 55 79 FF 03 80 FD 01 01 00 0F 1A 04 78 00 18 04 78 00 15 03 2F }
ASCII: {
    
     @     Uy          x   x   /}
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 14, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 80 FD 01 01 00 04 }
ASCII: {
    
       >           }
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 25, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 80 FD 04 01 00 0F 1A 04 78 00 18 04 78 00 15 03 2F }
ASCII: {
    
       >             x   x   /}
sent [IPCP ConfReq id=0x1 <compress VJ 0f 01> <addr 100.0.0.10>]
rcvd [IPCP ConfReq id=0x1 <addr 0.0.0.0>]
sent [IPCP ConfNak id=0x1 <addr 100.0.0.100>]packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 1C 10 14 55 79 FF 03 80 21 01 01 00 10 02 06 00 2D 0F 01 03 06 64 00 00 0A }
ASCII: {
    
     @     Uy   !       -    d   }

packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 16 10 14 55 79 FF 03 80 21 03 01 00 0A 03 06 64 00 00 64 }
ASCII: {
    
     @     Uy   !      d  d}
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 20, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 80 21 04 01 00 0A 02 06 00 2D 0F 01 }
ASCII: {
    
       >      !       -  }
rcvd [CCP ConfReq id=0x1]
sent [CCP ConfAck id=0x1]
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 20, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 80 21 01 02 00 0A 03 06 64 00 00 64 }
ASCII: {
    
       >      !      d  d}
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 10 10 14 55 79 FF 03 80 FD 02 01 00 04 }
ASCII: {
    
     @     Uy        }
rcvd [CCP ConfRej id=0x1 <deflate 15> <deflate(old#) 15> <bsd v1 15>]
sent [CCP ConfReq id=0x2]
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 10 10 14 55 79 FF 03 80 FD 01 02 00 04 }
ASCII: {
    
     @     Uy        }
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 14, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 80 FD 02 02 00 04 }
ASCII: {
    
     rcvd [IPCP ConfRej id=0x1 <compress VJ 0f 01>]
sent [IPCP ConfReq id=0x2 <addr 100.0.0.10>]
  >           }
rcvd [IPCP ConfReq id=0x2 <addr 100.0.0.100>]packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 16 10 14 55 79 FF 03 80 21 01 02 00 0A 03 06 64 00 00 0A }
ASCII: {
    
     @     Uy   !      d   }
xl2tpd[1364]: network_thread: recv packet from 192.168.123.88, size = 20, tunnel = 55102, call = 64760 ref=0 refhim=0
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     02 00 3E D7 F8 FC FF 03 80 21 02 02 00 0A 03 06 64 00 00 0A }
ASCII: {
    
     
sent [IPCP ConfAck id=0x2 <addr 100.0.0.100>]
rcvd [CCP ConfAck id=0x2]  >      !      d   }
packet dump: 
HEX: {
    
     40 02 00 16 10 14 55 79 FF 03 80 21 02 02 00 0A 03 06 64 00 00 64 }
ASCII: {
    
     @     Uy   !      d  d}

rcvd [IPCP ConfAck id=0x2 <addr 100.0.0.10>]
local  IP address 100.0.0.10
remote IP address 100.0.0.100

4.3) 实验测试图片
nuc980 arm上的tunnel接入点
在这里插入图片描述
客户端ping 服务端 nuc980 的时延
在这里插入图片描述
调整xl2tp的conf文件通讯速率后的时延
在这里插入图片描述

l2tp 的原理简介,请参考曹世宏的博客:
https://cshihong.blog.csdn.net/article/details/100005648

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