二、基础环境搭建

其他 2021-03-22 04:00:15 阅读次数: 0

1、创建一个 maven 工程

2、引入项目依赖的 jar 包

  • spring
  • springmvc
  • mybatis
  • 数据库连接池，驱动包
  • 其他（jstl，servlet-api，junit）

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.mycode</groupId>
  <artifactId>ssm-crud</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- 引入项目依赖的 jar 包 -->
    <!-- MBG -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis.generator/mybatis-generator-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.7</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- SpringMVC、Spring-->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Spring-Jdbc -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring-test -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-test -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Spring面向切面编程 -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aspects -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Mybatis -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.4.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- MyBatis整合Spring的适配包 -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 数据库连接池、驱动 -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mchange/c3p0 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.41</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- jstl、servlet-api、junit -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- junit -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
      <version>RELEASE</version>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>ssm-crud</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

3、引入 bootstrap 前端框架

在这里插入图片描述

4、编写 ssm 整合的关键配置文件

4.1 web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

  <!-- 1、启动Spring容器 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!-- 在启动Web容器时，自动装配Spring applicationContext.xml的配置信息，初始化bean。 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!-- 2、springMVC的前端控制器，拦截所有请求 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <!-- 3、字符编码过滤器，一定要放在所有过滤器之前 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- 4、使用Rest风格的URI -->
  <!-- 将页面普通的post请求转为指定的delete或者put请求 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

4.2 dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- SpringMVC的配置文件，包含网站跳转逻辑的控制、配置 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mycode" use-default-filters="false">
        <!-- 只扫描控制器 -->
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器，方便页面返回 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 两个标准配置 -->
    <!-- 将springmvc不能处理的请求交给tomcat -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler>
    <!-- 能支持springmvc更高级的一些功能，JSR303校验、快捷的ajax...映射动态请求 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

4.3 applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mycode">
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!-- Spring的配置文件，这里主要配置和业务逻辑有关的 -->
    <!-- ================================数据源的配置============================== -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:dbconfig.properties"></context:property-placeholder>

    <bean id="pooledDataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- ================================配置和MyBatis的整合============================== -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 指定mybatis全局配置文件的位置 -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
        <!-- 数据源 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="pooledDataSource"></property>
        <!-- 指定mybatis mapper文件的位置 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置扫描器，将mybatis接口的实现加入到IOC容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 扫描所有dao接口的实现，加入到IOC容器中 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.mycode.crud.dao"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--=====================================================================================-->

    <!-- ======================配置一个可以执行批量操作的sqlSession ======================-->
    <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
        <constructor-arg name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="executorType" value="BATCH"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    <!--=======================================================================================-->

    <!-- ===================================事务控制的配置================================ -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 控制住数据源 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="pooledDataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 开启基于注解的事务，使用xml配置形式的事务（比较重要的都是使用配置式） -->
    <aop:config>
        <!-- 切入点表达式 -->
        <aop:pointcut id="txPoint" expression="execution(* com.mycode.crud.service..*(..))"/>
        <!-- 配置事务增强 -->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPoint"></aop:advisor>
    </aop:config>
    <!-- 配置事务增强，事务如何切入 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!-- 所有方法都是事务方法 -->
            <tx:method name="*"></tx:method>
            <!-- 以get开始的所有方法 -->
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"></tx:method>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- Spring配置文件的核心点（数据源、与mybatis的整合，事务控制） -->
</beans>

4.4 dbconfig.properties

jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_crud?useSSL=false
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123

4.5 mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!-- 启动驼峰命名法 -->
    <settings>
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
    </settings>
    <!-- 为bean包下的所有类批量起别名，默认别名就是类名小写 -->
    <typeHandlers>
        <package name="com.mycode.crud.bean"/>
    </typeHandlers>
</configuration>

5、使用 mybatis 的逆向工程生成对应的bean 以及mapper

mbg.xml
在这里插入图片描述

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">

<generatorConfiguration>
    <context id="DB2Tables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
        <!-- 不生成注释 -->
        <commentGenerator>
            <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true"/>
        </commentGenerator>
        <!-- 配置数据库连接 -->
        <!-- jdbcConnection：指定如何连接到目标数据库 -->
        <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
                        connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_crud?useSSL=false"
                        userId="root"
                        password="123">
        </jdbcConnection>

        <!-- java类型解析器 -->
        <javaTypeResolver >
            <!-- 是否强制转换BigDecimals -->
            <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false" />
        </javaTypeResolver>

        <!-- javaModelGenerator：指定 javaBean 的生成策略
            targetPackage="com.mycode.crud.bean"：目标的包名
            targetProject=".\src"：目标工程
        -->
        <!-- 指定javaBean生成的位置-->
        <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.mycode.crud.bean"
                            targetProject=".\src\main\java">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
            <property name="trimStrings" value="true" />
        </javaModelGenerator>

        <!-- sqlMapGenerator：sql 映射生成策略 -->
        <!-- 指定sql映射文件生成的位置 -->
        <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="mapper"
                         targetProject=".\src\main\resources">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
        </sqlMapGenerator>

        <!-- javaClientGenerator：指定 mapper 接口所在的位置 -->
        <!-- 指定dao接口生成的位置，mapper接口 -->
        <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER"
                             targetPackage="com.mycode.crud.dao"
                             targetProject=".\src\main\java">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
        </javaClientGenerator>

        <!-- 指定要逆向分析哪些表：根据表要创建 javaBean -->
        <table tableName="tbl_emp" domainObjectName="Employee"></table>
        <table tableName="tbl_dept" domainObjectName="Department"></table>
    </context>
</generatorConfiguration>

MBGTest.java

package com.mycode.crud.test;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.mybatis.generator.api.MyBatisGenerator;
import org.mybatis.generator.config.Configuration;
import org.mybatis.generator.config.xml.ConfigurationParser;
import org.mybatis.generator.internal.DefaultShellCallback;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author Jay
 * @create 2021-03-18 8:56
 */
public class MBGTest {
    
    

    @Test
    public void testMbg() throws Exception {
    
    
        List<String> warnings = new ArrayList<String>();
        boolean overwrite = true;
        File configFile = new File("mbg.xml");
        ConfigurationParser cp = new ConfigurationParser(warnings);
        Configuration config = cp.parseConfiguration(configFile);
        DefaultShellCallback callback = new DefaultShellCallback(overwrite);
        MyBatisGenerator myBatisGenerator = new MyBatisGenerator(config, callback, warnings);
        myBatisGenerator.generate(null);
    }

}

6、EmployeeMapper.xml 中添加查询员工同时带部门

Employee.java
在这里插入图片描述
EmployeeMapper.class
在这里插入图片描述
EmployeeMapper.xml
在这里插入图片描述

  <resultMap id="WithDeptResultMap" type="com.mycode.crud.bean.Employee">
    <id column="emp_id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="empId" />
    <result column="emp_name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="empName" />
    <result column="gender" jdbcType="CHAR" property="gender" />
    <result column="email" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="email" />
    <result column="d_id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="dId" />
    <!-- 指定联合查询出的部门字段的封装 -->
    <association property="department" javaType="com.mycode.crud.bean.Department">
      <id column="dept_id" property="deptId"/>
      <result column="dept_name" property="deptName"/>
    </association>
  </resultMap>
  <sql id="WithDept_Column_List">
    e.emp_id, e.emp_name, e.gender, e.email, e.d_id, d.dept_id, d.dept_name
  </sql>
    <!-- 查询员工同时带部门-->
  <select id="selectByExampleWithDept" resultMap="WithDeptResultMap">
    select
    <if test="distinct">
      distinct
    </if>
    <include refid="WithDept_Column_List" />
    FROM tbl_emp e
    LEFT JOIN tbl_dept d ON e.`d_id`=d.`dept_id`
    <if test="_parameter != null">
      <include refid="Example_Where_Clause" />
    </if>
    <if test="orderByClause != null">
      order by ${orderByClause}
    </if>
  </select>
  <select id="selectByPrimaryKeyWithDept" resultMap="WithDeptResultMap">
    select
    <include refid="WithDept_Column_List" />
    FROM tbl_emp e
    LEFT JOIN tbl_dept d ON e.`d_id`=d.`dept_id`
    where emp_id = #{empId,jdbcType=INTEGER}
  </select>

7、MBG中遇到的问题

  1. 产生代码不能正确识别数据库主键
    是 mysql5.7 的驱动问题，将版本改为 5.1.41 即可
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.41</version>
</dependency>
  1. 在使用/mysql-connector-java-5.1.41.jar会报错，报错内容如下：
    WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server’s identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn’t set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to ‘false’. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
    解决办法，在 mbg.xml 配置文件中，修改如下：
    在这里插入图片描述
  2. 在测试mapper时，同时执行多个插入命令时报错
    java.lang.AbstractMethodError: Method com/mchange/v2/c3p0/impl/NewProxyPrepa
    将jar包中的连接池c3p0-0.9.2.1换成c3p0-0.9.5.2成功解决异常

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