一、前言
请求和响应是对立关系。这篇技术博客主要讲解请求对象:HttpServletRequest
该对象代表客户端请求。用户通过http协议访问服务器,Http请求中的所有信息会被封装到
HttpServletRequest中。通过这个对象的方法可以获得客户端的所有信息。例如:
其实这些方法使用的场景还是非常少的。
二、两个重点应用场景
- 获取前端传递的参数
- 请求转发
请求转发代码如下:
package com.xu.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
String[] hobbys = req.getParameterValues("hobbys");
System.out.println("=======================================================");
//后台接收中文乱码问题
System.out.println(username);
System.out.println(password);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(hobbys));
System.out.println("=======================================================");
//通过请求转发 getContextPath()返回的是tomcat中配置的虚拟路径
//注意:这里的/代表当前的web应用
req.getRequestDispatcher("/success.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req,resp);
}
}
登陆页面代码:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"> <br>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"> <br>
爱好:
<input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="女孩">女孩
<input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="代码">代码
<input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="唱歌">唱歌
<input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="电影">电影
<br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
转发后访问的页面代码:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登陆成功</h1>
</body>
</html>