Valgrind是一款用于内存调试、内存泄漏检测以及性能分析的软件开发工具。
1、下载
> 官网 http://valgrind.org/downloads/ 下载源码包
>
> tar xvf valgrind-3.15.0.tar.bz2
>
> cd valgrind-3.15.0
>
> apt-get install automake
>
> ./autogen.sh
2、解压后进行配置
sudo ./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=/usr/local/valgrind CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc CPP=arm-linux-gnueabihf-cpp CXX=arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++
–prefix=/usr/local/valgrind指定的目录要与开发板上放置的目录一致，不然运行valgrind时可能会出现“valgrind: failed to start tool ‘memcheck’ for platform ‘arm-linux’: No such file or directory”错误。
配置报错：
checking for a supported CPU… no (arm)
configure: error: Unsupported host architecture. Sorry
解决方法，修改configure：
armv7*) 改成 armv7*|arm)
3、编译
make
make install
/usr/local/valgrind目录下生成好的valgrind，包括4个文件夹：bin,include,lib,share
4、删除不需要的工具，只留下内存检查工具
需要删除 lib/valgrind 目录下的文件 以及 整个 share 目录，最后精简到 12M 左右
精简后的lib/valgrind 目录下所有文件：
32bit-core-valgrind-s1.xml 32bit-sse.xml arm-with-vfpv3.xml
32bit-core-valgrind-s2.xml arm-core-valgrind-s1.xml default.supp
32bit-core.xml arm-core-valgrind-s2.xml getoff-arm-linux
32bit-linux-valgrind-s1.xml arm-core.xml memcheck-arm-linux
32bit-linux-valgrind-s2.xml arm-vfpv3-valgrind-s1.xml vgpreload_core-arm-linux.so
32bit-linux.xml arm-vfpv3-valgrind-s2.xml vgpreload_memcheck-arm-linux.so
32bit-sse-valgrind-s1.xml arm-vfpv3.xml
32bit-sse-valgrind-s2.xml arm-with-vfpv3-valgrind.xml
5、运行
把安装目录下的文件valgrind下载到目标板的/usr/local目录下，修改bin目录下的执行权限
chrom -R +x /usr/local/valgrind/bin/
带全路径执行 /usr/local/valgrind/bin/valgrind --help 出现下面的信息说明移植成功
usage: valgrind [options] prog-and-args
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tool-selection option, with default in [ ]:
–tool= use the Valgrind tool named [memcheck]basic user options for all Valgrind tools, with defaults in [ ]:
下面一堆功能参数…
4、验证功能是否可用
执行/usr/local/valgrind/bin/valgrind ls -l报错：
#./valgrind ls -l
==1298== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==1298== Copyright (C) 2002-2013, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==1298== Using Valgrind-3.9.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==1298== Command: ls -l
==1298==
valgrind: Fatal error at startup: a function redirection
valgrind: which is mandatory for this platform-tool combination
valgrind: cannot be set up. Details of the redirection are:
valgrind:
valgrind: A must-be-redirected function
valgrind: whose name matches the pattern: memcpy
valgrind: in an object with soname matching: ld-linux.so.3
valgrind: was not found whilst processing
valgrind: symbols from the object with soname: ld-linux.so.3
valgrind:
valgrind: Possible fixes: (1, short term): install glibc's debuginfo
valgrind: package on this machine. (2, longer term): ask the packagers
valgrind: for your Linux distribution to please in future ship a non-
valgrind: stripped ld.so (or whatever the dynamic linker .so is called)
valgrind: that exports the above-named function using the standard
valgrind: calling conventions for this platform. The package you need
valgrind: to install for fix (1) is called
valgrind:
valgrind: On Debian, Ubuntu: libc6-dbg
valgrind: On SuSE, openSuSE, Fedora, RHEL: glibc-debuginfo
valgrind:
valgrind: Cannot continue -- exiting now. Sorry.
上面出现了问题，说明大概是说我的glibc是个strip后的版本，valgrind需要debug版，debug版的名字是libc6-dbg。
参考网上其他博主的说明，解决方式是去glibc官网下载源码并重新交叉编译glibc（版本需要跟原来的保持一致，且在编译时需要加入-g选项），将编译完生成的 ld-linux.so.3 替换掉目标板内的文件
所以首先需要查看自己用的glibc的版本，运行/lib/libc.so.6，出现下面的信息：
root@am335x-evm:~# /lib/libc.so.6
GNU C Library (GNU libc) stable release version 2.25, by Roland McGrath et al.
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Compiled by GNU CC version 7.2.1 20171011.
Available extensions:
crypt add-on version 2.1 by Michael Glad and others
GNU Libidn by Simon Josefsson
Native POSIX Threads Library by Ulrich Drepper et al
BIND-8.2.3-T5B
libc ABIs: UNIQUE
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/bugs.html>.
交叉编译glibc-2.25
1、下载
我用的是glibc-2.25.tar.gz，官网地址：http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/
2、解压和准备
我所有操作都放在/tmp目录下。
移动到/tmp目录下
解压
创建glibc_config目录作为配置目录
创建glibc_build目录作为编译后目标文件放置目录
/tmp$ cp /mnt/share/glibc-2.25.tar.gz
/tmp$ tar zxvf glibc-2.20.tar.gz
/tmp$ mkdir glibc_config
/tmp$ mkdir glibc_build
3、配置构建
构建配置需要在单独的目录中构建，而不能直接在源码目录下构建，这就是创建glibc_config目录的原因。
•进入glibc_config/
•执行配置文件
/tmp$ cd glibc_config/ /tmp/glibc_config$ …/glibc-2.25/configure
CC="/opt/gcc-linaro-4.9-2015.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc" CFLAGS=" -g -O2 -march=armv7-a -mthumb-interwork -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=neon -mtune=cortex-a7" --prefix="/tmp/glibc_build" --host=“arm-linux-gnueabihf”
4、编译及安装
make
make install
5、遇到问题
在编译时遇到以下问题
1、’#error “glibc cannot be compiled without optimization”’
编译时要加上优化开关，export CFLAG="-g -O2"
6、测试运行
编译安装完成后，在glibc_build目录下会生成8个文件夹。
只需要将/lib目录下的ld-2.25.so替换到开发板上，并修改权限。
然后自己编写一个简单的测试demo，/usr/local/valgrind/bin/valgrind ./test执行输出如下说行移植成功：
root@am335x-evm:~# /usr/local/valgrind/bin/valgrind ./test
==1176== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==1176== Copyright (C) 2002-2015, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==1176== Using Valgrind-3.12.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==1176== Command: ./test
==1176==
==1176== Invalid write of size 4
==1176== at 0x1043A: main (test.c:14)
==1176== Address 0x4944038 is 12 bytes after a block of size 4 alloc'd
==1176== at 0x483D48C: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:299)
==1176== by 0x10413: main (test.c:7)
==1176==
==1176== Invalid read of size 4
==1176== at 0x1043E: main (test.c:15)
==1176== Address 0x4944038 is 12 bytes after a block of size 4 alloc'd
==1176== at 0x483D48C: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:299)
==1176== by 0x10413: main (test.c:7)
==1176==
the value of p is==1176==
==1176== HEAP SUMMARY:
==1176== in use at exit: 4 bytes in 1 blocks
==1176== total heap usage: 2 allocs, 1 frees, 4,100 bytes allocated
==1176==
==1176== LEAK SUMMARY:
==1176== definitely lost: 4 bytes in 1 blocks
==1176== indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==1176== possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==1176== still reachable: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==1176== suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==1176== Rerun with --leak-check=full to see details of leaked memory
==1176==
==1176== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==1176== ERROR SUMMARY: 2 errors from 2 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)