Ubuntu18.04 + Qt5.10.1 + VTK9.0环境配置+测试
浪费了一整天的时间，尝试使用 Visual Stdio 编译VTK9.0，然后结合MFC开发。官方的文档提供的方法，换了几个版本的Cmake，照着网上各路大神的方法各种改，然而就是出错。应该是我电脑里的VS与VTK八字不合吧。于是换了Ubuntu18.04，同样是官方的方法，一次成功。。。。。论安装软件的坑，是永远也论不完的，所以就不要论了
以下是配置时的几点需要注意的，要以官方的方法为准！！！我之前在Ubuntu中折腾过几次，所以有些依赖的库可能已经有了，缺少库就直接安装就好，如果出错有大牛指点最好，没有就只能上网搜了。god bless you！！！
官方方法的连接：
https://www.vtk.org/Wiki/VTK/Configure_and_Build
VTK
最好用git clone的方式，不需要科学上网也是可以的。指令见官方链接！
VTK是基于opengl开发的（书上是这么写的），所以要装opengl！！！
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev
sudo apt-get install libglu1-mesa-dev
sudo apt-get install freeglut3-dev我安装的时候，出现了文件大小不符，无法下载的情况，解决方法就是换源，换成主服务器的就好了，虽然速度慢了，装完可以再换回去。
安装Qt
下载相应的版本http://download.qt.io/archive/qt/
linux上有64位的，我就直接用了，昨天折腾一天，现在有现成的就直接用吧。图形安装，很友好。
装完之后需要在“工具”->“选项”->“构建和运行”进行设置，要指定GCC与G++的路径。（安装之前最好都把GCC装上）
cmake
官方的ccmake用起来不是很友好，也没必要花时间去搞，建议使用cmake-gui，图形的，和windows一样，使用如下命令安装
sudo apt install cmake-qt-gui
跳转到build的目录下，启动cmake-gui
sudo cmake-gui <VTK源码的绝对路径>
第一次configure之后需要（cmake上有个advance要打勾！）
将VTK_Group_Qt打钩
还有官方的方法里提到的几个选项也要注意
第二次configure之后
需要制定Qt相应模块的目录
点击configure发现没有红色的选项了
然后就可以点general
之后就是编译
sudo make
之后就是漫长的等待。。。。。。
结束后
sudo make install
至此VTK编译结束
测试例程
例程是官方的例子，直接copy。
1、新建Qt工程
目录结构如下
2、在pro文件中添加头文件和库路径
完整的pro如下，注意路径要改成自己的！！我这里的头文件放在/home/ieeeee/VTKInstall/vtk-9.0
动态库放在/home/ieeeee/VTKInstall/VTKso/
这里要强调添加动态库的时候的格式，比如添加libvtkChartsCore-9.0.so要写成-lvtkChartsCore-9.0，否则会报错collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2018-07-01T19:32:43
#
#-------------------------------------------------
QT += core gui
greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets
TARGET = hello
TEMPLATE = app
# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any feature of Qt which has been marked as deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS
# You can also make your code fail to compile if you use deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000 # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0
SOURCES += \
main.cpp \
mainwindow.cpp
HEADERS += \
mainwindow.h
FORMS += \
mainwindow.ui
INCLUDEPATH += /home/ieeeee/VTKInstall/vtk-9.0
#LIBS += -L/home/ieeeee/VTKInstall/VTKa/lib*
LIBS += -L/home/ieeeee/VTKInstall/VTKso/ \
-lvtkChartsCore-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonColor-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonComputationalGeometry-9.0 \
-lvtkChartsCore-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonColor-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonComputationalGeometry-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonCore-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonDataModel-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonExecutionModel-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonMath-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonMisc-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonSystem-9.0 \
-lvtkCommonTransforms-9.0 \
-lvtkDICOMParser-9.0 \
-lvtkDomainsChemistry-9.0 \
-lvtkDomainsChemistryOpenGL2-9.0 \
-lvtkdoubleconversion-9.0 \
-lvtkexodusII-9.0 \
-lvtkexpat-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersAMR-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersCore-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersExtraction-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersFlowPaths-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersGeneral-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersGeneric-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersGeometry-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersHybrid-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersHyperTree-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersImaging-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersModeling-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersParallel-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersParallelImaging-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersPoints-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersProgrammable-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersSelection-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersSMP-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersSources-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersStatistics-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersTexture-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersTopology-9.0 \
-lvtkFiltersVerdict-9.0 \
-lvtkfreetype-9.0 \
-lvtkGeovisCore-9.0 \
-lvtkgl2ps-9.0 \
-lvtkglew-9.0 \
-lvtkGUISupportQt-9.0 \
-lvtkGUISupportQtOpenGL-9.0 \
-lvtkGUISupportQtSQL-9.0 \
-lvtkhdf5-9.0 \
-lvtkhdf5_hl-9.0 \
-lvtkImagingColor-9.0 \
-lvtkImagingCore-9.0 \
-lvtkImagingFourier-9.0 \
-lvtkImagingGeneral-9.0 \
-lvtkImagingHybrid-9.0 \
-lvtkImagingMath-9.0 \
-lvtkImagingMorphological-9.0 \
-lvtkImagingSources-9.0 \
-lvtkImagingStatistics-9.0 \
-lvtkImagingStencil-9.0 \
-lvtkInfovisCore-9.0 \
-lvtkInfovisLayout-9.0 \
-lvtkInteractionImage-9.0 \
-lvtkInteractionStyle-9.0 \
-lvtkInteractionWidgets-9.0 \
-lvtkIOAMR-9.0 \
-lvtkIOAsynchronous-9.0 \
-lvtkIOCore-9.0 \
-lvtkIOEnSight-9.0 \
-lvtkIOExodus-9.0 \
-lvtkIOExport-9.0 \
-lvtkIOExportOpenGL2-9.0 \
-lvtkIOExportPDF-9.0 \
-lvtkIOGeometry-9.0 \
-lvtkIOImage-9.0 \
-lvtkIOImport-9.0 \
-lvtkIOInfovis-9.0 \
-lvtkIOLegacy-9.0 \
-lvtkIOLSDyna-9.0 \
-lvtkIOMINC-9.0 \
-lvtkIOMovie-9.0 \
-lvtkIONetCDF-9.0 \
-lvtkIOParallel-9.0 \
-lvtkIOParallelXML-9.0 \
-lvtkIOPLY-9.0 \
-lvtkIOSegY-9.0 \
-lvtkIOSQL-9.0 \
-lvtkIOTecplotTable-9.0 \
-lvtkIOVideo-9.0 \
-lvtkIOXML-9.0 \
-lvtkIOXMLParser-9.0 \
-lvtkjpeg-9.0 \
-lvtkjsoncpp-9.0 \
-lvtklibharu-9.0 \
-lvtklibxml2-9.0 \
-lvtkLocalExample-9.0 \
-lvtklz4-9.0 \
-lvtklzma-9.0 \
-lvtkmetaio-9.0 \
-lvtkNetCDF-9.0 \
-lvtknetcdfcpp-9.0 \
-lvtkogg-9.0 \
-lvtkParallelCore-9.0 \
-lvtkpng-9.0 \
-lvtkproj-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingAnnotation-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingContext2D-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingContextOpenGL2-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingCore-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingFreeType-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingGL2PSOpenGL2-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingImage-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingLabel-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingLOD-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingOpenGL2-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingQt-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingVolume-9.0 \
-lvtkRenderingVolumeOpenGL2-9.0 \
-lvtksqlite-9.0 \
-lvtksys-9.0 \
-lvtktheora-9.0 \
-lvtktiff-9.0 \
-lvtkverdict-9.0 \
-lvtkViewsContext2D-9.0 \
-lvtkViewsCore-9.0 \
-lvtkViewsInfovis-9.0 \
-lvtkViewsQt-9.0 \
-lvtkzlib-9.0
3、main.cpp中添加代码
只为测试，直接都放main里了。。。
注意：以下两行必须添加！
#include <vtkAutoInit.h>
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2);否则会在运行时一闪而过，并且报错Error: no override found for 'vtkPolyDataMapper'
完整文件如下：
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QApplication>
#include <vtkCylinderSource.h>
#include <vtkPolyDataMapper.h>
#include <vtkActor.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindow.h>
#include <vtkRenderer.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>
#include <vtkProperty.h>
#include <vtkCamera.h>
#include <vtkSmartPointer.h>
#include <vtkAutoInit.h>
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2);
//VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
MainWindow w;
w.show();
vtkCylinderSource *cylinder = vtkCylinderSource::New();
cylinder->SetResolution(8);
// The mapper is responsible for pushing the geometry into the graphics
// library. It may also do color mapping, if scalars or other attributes
// are defined.
//
vtkPolyDataMapper *cylinderMapper = vtkPolyDataMapper::New();
cylinderMapper->SetInputConnection(cylinder->GetOutputPort());
// The actor is a grouping mechanism: besides the geometry (mapper), it
// also has a property, transformation matrix, and/or texture map.
// Here we set its color and rotate it -22.5 degrees.
vtkActor *cylinderActor = vtkActor::New();
cylinderActor->SetMapper(cylinderMapper);
cylinderActor->GetProperty()->SetColor(1.0000, 0.3882, 0.2784);
cylinderActor->RotateX(30.0);
cylinderActor->RotateY(-45.0);
// Create the graphics structure. The renderer renders into the
// render window. The render window interactor captures mouse events
// and will perform appropriate camera or actor manipulation
// depending on the nature of the events.
//
vtkRenderer *ren1 = vtkRenderer::New();
vtkRenderWindow *renWin = vtkRenderWindow::New();
renWin->AddRenderer(ren1);
vtkRenderWindowInteractor *iren = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New();
iren->SetRenderWindow(renWin);
// Add the actors to the renderer, set the background and size
//
ren1->AddActor(cylinderActor);
ren1->SetBackground(0.1, 0.2, 0.4);
renWin->SetSize(200, 200);
// We'll zoom in a little by accessing the camera and invoking a "Zoom"
// method on it.
ren1->ResetCamera();
ren1->GetActiveCamera()->Zoom(1.5);
renWin->Render();
// This starts the event loop and as a side effect causes an initial render.
iren->Start();
// Exiting from here, we have to delete all the instances that
// have been created.
cylinder->Delete();
cylinderMapper->Delete();
cylinderActor->Delete();
ren1->Delete();
renWin->Delete();
iren->Delete();
return a.exec();
}
4、运行结果
看到结果的一刹那，眼泪都快掉下来了。。。。。