1 spring cloud

1.1 介绍

spring cloud 是一系列框架的集合。它利用 spring boot 的开发便利性巧妙地简化了分布式系统基础设施的开发，如服务发现注册、配置中心、消息总线、负载均衡、断路器、数据监控等，都可以用 spring boot 的开发风格做到一键启动和部署。spring cloud 并没有重复制造轮子，它只是将目前各家公司开发的比较成熟、经得起实际考验的服务框架组合起来，通过 spring boot 风格进行再封装屏蔽掉了复杂的配置和实现原理，最终给开发者留出了一套简单易懂、易部署和易维护的分布式系统开发工具包。

spring cloud 对于中小型互联网公司来说是一种福音，因为这类公司往往没有实力或者没有足够的资金投入去开发自己的分布式系统基础设施，使用 spring cloud 一站式解决方案能在从容应对业务发展的同时大大减少开发成本。同时，随着近几年微服务架构和 docker 容器概念的火爆，也会让 spring cloud 在未来越来越“云”化的软件开发风格中立有一席之地，尤其是在目前五花八门的分布式解决方案中提供了标准化的、一站式的技术方案，意义可能会堪比当年 servlet 规范的诞生，有效推进服务端软件系统技术水平的进步。

1.1.1 spring cloud 技术组成

eureka
微服务治理，服务注册和发现
ribbon
负载均衡、请求重试
hystrix
断路器，服务降级、熔断
feign
ribbon + hystrix 集成，并提供声明式客户端
hystrix dashboard 和 turbine
hystrix 数据监控
zuul
API 网关，提供微服务的统一入口，并提供统一的权限验证
config
配置中心
bus
消息总线, 配置刷新
sleuth+zipkin
链路跟踪

1.1.2 Spring Cloud 对比 Dubbo

Dubbo
- Dubbo只是一个远程调用(RPC)框架
- 默认基于长连接,支持多种序列化格式
Spring Cloud
- 框架集
- 提供了一整套微服务解决方案(全家桶)
- 基于http调用, Rest API

1.2 service - 服务

商品服务 item service，端口 8001
用户服务 user service，端口 8101
订单服务 order service，端口 8201

1.3 commons 通用项目

新建Maven项目

先建一个空项目

pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
    <artifactId>sp01-common</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>sp01-common</name>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.module</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-module-parameter-names</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jdk8</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-datatype-guava</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.26</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.9</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

项目结构

pojo

package cn.tedu.sp01.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Item {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer number;
}

package cn.tedu.sp01.pojo;

import java.util.List;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Order {
    private String id;
    private User user;
    private List<Item> items;
}

package cn.tedu.sp01.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
}

Service

package cn.tedu.sp01.service;

import java.util.List;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;

public interface ItemService {
    List<Item> getItems(String orderId);
    void decreaseNumbers(List<Item> list);
}

package cn.tedu.sp01.service;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Order;

public interface OrderService {
    Order getOrder(String orderId);
    void addOrder(Order order);
}

package cn.tedu.sp01.service;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;

public interface UserService {
    User getUser(Integer id);
    void addScore(Integer id, Integer score);
}

util

package cn.tedu.web.util;

import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CookieUtil {

	/**
	 * @param response
	 * @param name
	 * @param value
	 * @param maxAge
	 */
	public static void setCookie(HttpServletResponse response,
			String name, String value, String domain, String path, int maxAge) {
		Cookie cookie = new Cookie(name, value);
		if(domain != null) {
			cookie.setDomain(domain);
		}
		cookie.setPath(path);
		cookie.setMaxAge(maxAge);
		response.addCookie(cookie);
	}
	public static void setCookie(HttpServletResponse response, String name, String value, int maxAge) {
		setCookie(response, name, value, null, "/", maxAge);
	}
	public static void setCookie(HttpServletResponse response, String name, String value) {
		setCookie(response, name, value, null, "/", 3600);
	}
	public static void setCookie(HttpServletResponse response, String name) {
		setCookie(response, name, "", null, "/", 3600);
	}

	/**
	 * @param request
	 * @param name
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getCookie(HttpServletRequest request, String name) {
		String value = null;
		Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
		if (null != cookies) {
			for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
				if (cookie.getName().equals(name)) {
					value = cookie.getValue();
				}
			}
		}
		return value;
	}

	/**
	 * @param response
	 * @param name
	 * @return
	 */
	public static void removeCookie(HttpServletResponse response, String name, String domain, String path) {
		setCookie(response, name, "", domain, path, 0);
	}

}

package cn.tedu.web.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.guava.GuavaModule;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jdk8.Jdk8Module;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.JavaTimeModule;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.paramnames.ParameterNamesModule;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
public class JsonUtil {
    private static ObjectMapper mapper;
    private static JsonInclude.Include DEFAULT_PROPERTY_INCLUSION = JsonInclude.Include.NON_DEFAULT;
    private static boolean IS_ENABLE_INDENT_OUTPUT = false;
    private static String CSV_DEFAULT_COLUMN_SEPARATOR = ",";
    static {
        try {
            initMapper();
            configPropertyInclusion();
            configIndentOutput();
            configCommon();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("jackson config error", e);
        }
    }

    private static void initMapper() {
        mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    }

    private static void configCommon() {
        config(mapper);
    }

    private static void configPropertyInclusion() {
        mapper.setSerializationInclusion(DEFAULT_PROPERTY_INCLUSION);
    }

    private static void configIndentOutput() {
        mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT, IS_ENABLE_INDENT_OUTPUT);
    }

    private static void config(ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
        objectMapper.enable(JsonGenerator.Feature.WRITE_BIGDECIMAL_AS_PLAIN);
        objectMapper.enable(DeserializationFeature.ACCEPT_EMPTY_STRING_AS_NULL_OBJECT);
        objectMapper.enable(DeserializationFeature.ACCEPT_SINGLE_VALUE_AS_ARRAY);
        objectMapper.enable(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_READING_DUP_TREE_KEY);
        objectMapper.enable(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_NUMBERS_FOR_ENUMS);
        objectMapper.disable(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES);
        objectMapper.disable(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_NULL_FOR_PRIMITIVES);
        objectMapper.disable(SerializationFeature.FAIL_ON_EMPTY_BEANS);
        objectMapper.enable(JsonParser.Feature.ALLOW_COMMENTS);
        objectMapper.disable(JsonGenerator.Feature.ESCAPE_NON_ASCII);
        objectMapper.enable(JsonGenerator.Feature.IGNORE_UNKNOWN);
        objectMapper.enable(JsonParser.Feature.ALLOW_UNQUOTED_FIELD_NAMES);
        objectMapper.disable(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS);
        objectMapper.setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
        objectMapper.enable(JsonParser.Feature.ALLOW_SINGLE_QUOTES);
        objectMapper.registerModule(new ParameterNamesModule());
        objectMapper.registerModule(new Jdk8Module());
        objectMapper.registerModule(new JavaTimeModule());
        objectMapper.registerModule(new GuavaModule());
    }
    public static void setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include inclusion) {
        DEFAULT_PROPERTY_INCLUSION = inclusion;
        configPropertyInclusion();
    }

    public static void setIndentOutput(boolean isEnable) {
        IS_ENABLE_INDENT_OUTPUT = isEnable;
        configIndentOutput();
    }

    public static <V> V from(URL url, Class<V> c) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(url, c);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson from error, url: {}, type: {}", url.getPath(), c, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> V from(InputStream inputStream, Class<V> c) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(inputStream, c);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson from error, type: {}", c, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> V from(File file, Class<V> c) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(file, c);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson from error, file path: {}, type: {}", file.getPath(), c, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> V from(Object jsonObj, Class<V> c) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(jsonObj.toString(), c);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson from error, json: {}, type: {}", jsonObj.toString(), c, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> V from(String json, Class<V> c) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(json, c);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson from error, json: {}, type: {}", json, c, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> V from(URL url, TypeReference<V> type) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(url, type);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson from error, url: {}, type: {}", url.getPath(), type, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> V from(InputStream inputStream, TypeReference<V> type) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(inputStream, type);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson from error, type: {}", type, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> V from(File file, TypeReference<V> type) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(file, type);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson from error, file path: {}, type: {}", file.getPath(), type, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> V from(Object jsonObj, TypeReference<V> type) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(jsonObj.toString(), type);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson from error, json: {}, type: {}", jsonObj.toString(), type, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> V from(String json, TypeReference<V> type) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(json, type);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson from error, json: {}, type: {}", json, type, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> String to(List<V> list) {
        try {
            return mapper.writeValueAsString(list);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
            log.error("jackson to error, obj: {}", list, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> String to(V v) {
        try {
            return mapper.writeValueAsString(v);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
            log.error("jackson to error, obj: {}", v, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <V> void toFile(String path, List<V> list) {
        try (Writer writer = new FileWriter(new File(path), true)) {
            mapper.writer().writeValues(writer).writeAll(list);
            writer.flush();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("jackson to file error, path: {}, list: {}", path, list, e);
        }
    }

    public static <V> void toFile(String path, V v) {
        try (Writer writer = new FileWriter(new File(path), true)) {
            mapper.writer().writeValues(writer).write(v);
            writer.flush();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("jackson to file error, path: {}, obj: {}", path, v, e);
        }
    }

    public static String getString(String json, String key) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(json)) {
            return null;
        }
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            if (null != node) {
                return node.get(key).toString();
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson get string error, json: {}, key: {}", json, key, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static Integer getInt(String json, String key) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(json)) {
            return null;
        }
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            if (null != node) {
                return node.get(key).intValue();
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson get int error, json: {}, key: {}", json, key, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static Long getLong(String json, String key) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(json)) {
            return null;
        }
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            if (null != node) {
                return node.get(key).longValue();
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson get long error, json: {}, key: {}", json, key, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static Double getDouble(String json, String key) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(json)) {
            return null;
        }
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            if (null != node) {
                return node.get(key).doubleValue();
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson get double error, json: {}, key: {}", json, key, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static BigInteger getBigInteger(String json, String key) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(json)) {
            return new BigInteger(String.valueOf(0.00));
        }
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            if (null != node) {
                return node.get(key).bigIntegerValue();
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson get biginteger error, json: {}, key: {}", json, key, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static BigDecimal getBigDecimal(String json, String key) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(json)) {
            return null;
        }
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            if (null != node) {
                return node.get(key).decimalValue();
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson get bigdecimal error, json: {}, key: {}", json, key, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static boolean getBoolean(String json, String key) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(json)) {
            return false;
        }
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            if (null != node) {
                return node.get(key).booleanValue();
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson get boolean error, json: {}, key: {}", json, key, e);
            return false;
        }
    }

    public static byte[] getByte(String json, String key) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(json)) {
            return null;
        }
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            if (null != node) {
                return node.get(key).binaryValue();
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson get byte error, json: {}, key: {}", json, key, e);
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static <T> ArrayList<T> getList(String json, String key) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(json)) {
            return null;
        }
        String string = getString(json, key);
        return from(string, new TypeReference<ArrayList<T>>() {});
    }

    public static <T> String add(String json, String key, T value) {
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            add(node, key, value);
            return node.toString();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson add error, json: {}, key: {}, value: {}", json, key, value, e);
            return json;
        }
    }

    private static <T> void add(JsonNode jsonNode, String key, T value) {
        if (value instanceof String) {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, (String) value);
        } else if (value instanceof Short) {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, (Short) value);
        } else if (value instanceof Integer) {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, (Integer) value);
        } else if (value instanceof Long) {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, (Long) value);
        } else if (value instanceof Float) {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, (Float) value);
        } else if (value instanceof Double) {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, (Double) value);
        } else if (value instanceof BigDecimal) {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, (BigDecimal) value);
        } else if (value instanceof BigInteger) {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, (BigInteger) value);
        } else if (value instanceof Boolean) {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, (Boolean) value);
        } else if (value instanceof byte[]) {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, (byte[]) value);
        } else {
            ((ObjectNode) jsonNode).put(key, to(value));
        }
    }

    public static String remove(String json, String key) {
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            ((ObjectNode) node).remove(key);
            return node.toString();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson remove error, json: {}, key: {}", json, key, e);
            return json;
        }
    }

    public static <T> String update(String json, String key, T value) {
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            ((ObjectNode) node).remove(key);
            add(node, key, value);
            return node.toString();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson update error, json: {}, key: {}, value: {}", json, key, value, e);
            return json;
        }
    }

    public static String format(String json) {
        try {
            JsonNode node = mapper.readTree(json);
            return mapper.writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter().writeValueAsString(node);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("jackson format json error, json: {}", json, e);
            return json;
        }
    }

    public static boolean isJson(String json) {
        try {
            mapper.readTree(json);
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("jackson check json error, json: {}", json, e);
            return false;
        }
    }

    private static InputStream getResourceStream(String name) {
        return JsonUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(name);
    }

    private static InputStreamReader getResourceReader(InputStream inputStream) {
        if (null == inputStream) {
            return null;
        }
        return new InputStreamReader(inputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    }
}

package cn.tedu.web.util;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

@Getter
@Setter
public class JsonResult<T> {
	/** 成功 */
	public static final int SUCCESS = 200;

	/** 没有登录 */
	public static final int NOT_LOGIN = 400;

	/** 发生异常 */
	public static final int EXCEPTION = 401;

	/** 系统错误 */
	public static final int SYS_ERROR = 402;

	/** 参数错误 */
	public static final int PARAMS_ERROR = 403;

	/** 不支持或已经废弃 */
	public static final int NOT_SUPPORTED = 410;

	/** AuthCode错误 */
	public static final int INVALID_AUTHCODE = 444;

	/** 太频繁的调用 */
	public static final int TOO_FREQUENT = 445;

	/** 未知的错误 */
	public static final int UNKNOWN_ERROR = 499;
	
	private int code;
	private String msg;
	private T data;
	
	

	public static JsonResult build() {
		return new JsonResult();
	}
	public static JsonResult build(int code) {
		return new JsonResult().code(code);
	}
	public static JsonResult build(int code, String msg) {
		return new JsonResult<String>().code(code).msg(msg);
	}
	public static <T> JsonResult<T> build(int code, T data) {
		return new JsonResult<T>().code(code).data(data);
	}
	public static <T> JsonResult<T> build(int code, String msg, T data) {
		return new JsonResult<T>().code(code).msg(msg).data(data);
	}
	
	public JsonResult<T> code(int code) {
		this.code = code;
		return this;
	}
	public JsonResult<T> msg(String msg) {
		this.msg = msg;
		return this;
	}
	public JsonResult<T> data(T data) {
		this.data = data;
		return this;
	}
	
	
	public static JsonResult ok() {
		return build(SUCCESS);
	}
	public static JsonResult ok(String msg) {
		return build(SUCCESS, msg);
	}
	public static <T> JsonResult<T> ok(T data) {
		return build(SUCCESS, data);
	}
	public static JsonResult err() {
		return build(EXCEPTION);
	}
	public static JsonResult err(String msg) {
		return build(EXCEPTION, msg);
	}
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return JsonUtil.to(this);
	}
}

1.4 item service 商品服务

新建项目
配置依赖 pom.xml
配置 application.yml
~~配置主程序~~
编写代码

pom文件

要填加 sp01-commons 项目依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
    <artifactId>sp02-itemservice</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
            <artifactId>sp01-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: item-service
    
server:
  port: 8001

主程序

package cn.tedu.sp02;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Sp02ItemserviceApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Sp02ItemserviceApplication.class, args);
	}

}

项目结构

package cn.tedu.sp02.item.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.sp01.service.ItemService;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class ItemServiceImpl implements ItemService {

	@Override
	public List<Item> getItems(String orderId) {
		ArrayList<Item> list = new ArrayList<Item>();
		list.add(new Item(1, "商品 1",1));
		list.add(new Item(2, "商品 2",2));
		list.add(new Item(3, "商品 3",3));
		list.add(new Item(4, "商品 4",4));
		list.add(new Item(5, "商品 5",5));
		return list;
	}

	@Override
	public void decreaseNumbers(List<Item> list) {
		for(Item item : list) {
			log.info("减少库存 - "+item);
		}
	}
}

package cn.tedu.sp02.item.controller;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.sp01.service.ItemService;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
@RestController
public class ItemController {
	@Autowired
	private ItemService itemService;
	
	@Value("${server.port}")
	private int port;
	
	@GetMapping("/{orderId}")
	public JsonResult<List<Item>> getItems(@PathVariable String orderId) {
		log.info("server.port="+port+", orderId="+orderId);
		
		List<Item> items = itemService.getItems(orderId);
		return JsonResult.ok(items).msg("port="+port);
	}
	
	@PostMapping("/decreaseNumber")
	public JsonResult decreaseNumber(@RequestBody List<Item> items) {
		itemService.decreaseNumbers(items);
		return JsonResult.ok();
	}
}

Spring MVC 接收参数的几个注解

访问测试

根据orderid，查询商品
http://localhost:8001/35

减少商品库存
http://localhost:8001/decreaseNumber

使用postman，POST发送以下格式数据：
[{"id":1, "name":"abc", "number":23},{"id":2, "name":"def", "number":11}]

1.5 user service 用户服务

新建项目
配置依赖 pom.xml
配置 application.yml
~~配置主程序~~
编写代码

新建 spring boot 起步项目

pom文件

要填加 sp01-commons 项目依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
    <artifactId>sp03-userservice</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
            <artifactId>sp01-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml

其中 sp.user-service.users 属性为自定义属性，提供用于测试的用户数据

sp:
  user-service:
    users: "[{\"id\":7, \"username\":\"abc\",\"password\":\"123\"},{\"id\":8, \"username\":\"def\",\"password\":\"456\"},{\"id\":9, \"username\":\"ghi\",\"password\":\"789\"}]"

spring:
  application:
    name: user-service
    
server:
  port: 8101

主程序

默认代码，不需要修改

package cn.tedu.sp03;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Sp03UserserviceApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Sp03UserserviceApplication.class, args);
	}

}

项目结构

UserServiceImpl

package cn.tedu.sp03.user.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.sp01.service.UserService;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonUtil;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
	@Value("${sp.user-service.users}")
	private String userJson;
	
	@Override
	public User getUser(Integer id) {
		log.info("users json string : "+userJson);
		List<User> list = JsonUtil.from(userJson, new TypeReference<List<User>>() {});
		for (User u : list) {
			if (u.getId().equals(id)) {
				return u;
			}
		}
		
		return new User(id, "name-"+id, "pwd-"+id);
	}

	@Override
	public void addScore(Integer id, Integer score) {
		// 这里增加积分
		log.info("user "+id+" - 增加积分 "+score);
	}

}

UserController

package cn.tedu.sp03.user.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.sp01.service.UserService;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
@RestController
public class UserController {
	
	@Autowired
	private UserService userService;
	
	@GetMapping("/{userId}")
	public JsonResult<User> getUser(@PathVariable Integer userId) {
		log.info("get user, userId="+userId);
		User u = userService.getUser(userId);
		return JsonResult.ok(u);
	}
	
	@GetMapping("/{userId}/score") 
	public JsonResult addScore(
			@PathVariable Integer userId, Integer score) {
		userService.addScore(userId, score);
		return JsonResult.ok();
	}
}

访问测试

根据userid查询用户信息
http://localhost:8101/7

根据userid，为用户增加积分
http://localhost:8101/7/score?score=100

1.6 order service 订单服务

新建项目
配置依赖 pom.xml
配置 application.yml
~~配置主程序~~
编写代码

新建 spring boot 起步项目

pom.xml

要填加 sp01-commons 项目依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
    <artifactId>sp04-orderservice</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
            <artifactId>sp01-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: order-service
    
server:
  port: 8201

主程序

默认代码，不需要修改

package cn.tedu.sp04;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Sp04OrderserviceApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Sp04OrderserviceApplication.class, args);
	}

}

项目结构

OrderServiceImpl

package cn.tedu.sp04.order.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Order;
import cn.tedu.sp01.service.OrderService;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

	@Override
	public Order getOrder(String orderId) {
		//TODO: 调用user-service获取用户信息
		//TODO: 调用item-service获取商品信息
		Order order = new Order();
		order.setId(orderId);
		return order;
	}

	@Override
	public void addOrder(Order order) {
		//TODO: 调用item-service减少商品库存
		//TODO: 调用user-service增加用户积分
		log.info("保存订单："+order);
	}

}

OrderController

package cn.tedu.sp04.order.controller;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Order;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.sp01.service.OrderService;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
@RestController
public class OrderController {
	@Autowired
	private OrderService orderService;
	
	@GetMapping("/{orderId}")
	public JsonResult<Order> getOrder(@PathVariable String orderId) {
		log.info("get order, id="+orderId);
		
		Order order = orderService.getOrder(orderId);
		return JsonResult.ok(order);
	}
	
	@GetMapping("/")
	public JsonResult addOrder() {
		//模拟post提交的数据
		Order order = new Order();
		order.setId("123abc");
		order.setUser(new User(7,null,null));
		order.setItems(Arrays.asList(new Item[] {
				new Item(1,"aaa",2),
				new Item(2,"bbb",1),
				new Item(3,"ccc",3),
				new Item(4,"ddd",1),
				new Item(5,"eee",5),
		}));
		orderService.addOrder(order);
		return JsonResult.ok();
	}
}

访问测试

根据orderid，获取订单
http://localhost:8201/123abc

保存订单，观察控制台日志输出
http://localhost:8201/

service 访问测试汇总

item-service

根据orderid，查询商品
http://localhost:8001/35

减少商品库存
http://localhost:8001/decreaseNumber

使用postman，POST发送以下格式数据：
[{"id":1, "name":"abc", "number":23},{"id":2, "name":"def", "number":11}]

user-service

根据userid查询用户信息
http://localhost:8101/7

根据userid，为用户增加积分
http://localhost:8101/7/score?score=100

order-service

根据orderid，获取订单
http://localhost:8201/123abc

保存订单，观察控制台日志输出
http://localhost:8201/

postman

1.7 eureka 注册与发现

创建eureka项目
配置依赖 pom.xml
配置 application.yml
主程序启用 eureka 服务器
启动，访问测试

创建 eureka server 项目：sp05-eureka

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
    <artifactId>sp05-eureka</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-server
    
server:
  port: 2001
  
eureka:
  server:
    enable-self-preservation: false
  instance:
    hostname: eureka1
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false

eureka 集群服务器之间，通过 hostname 来区分
eureka.server.enable-self-preservation

eureka 的自我保护状态：心跳失败的比例，在15分钟内是否超过85%,如果出现了超过的情况，Eureka Server会将当前的实例注册信息保护起来，同时提示一个警告，一旦进入保护模式，Eureka Server将会尝试保护其服务注册表中的信息，不再删除服务注册表中的数据。也就是不会注销任何微服务
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false

不向自身注册
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false

不从自身拉取注册信息
eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds

最后一次心跳后，间隔多久认定微服务不可用，默认90

主程序

添加 @EnableEurekaServer

package cn.tedu.sp05;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class Sp05EurekaApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Sp05EurekaApplication.class, args);
	}

}

修改 hosts 文件，添加 eureka 域名映射

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts

添加内容：

127.0.0.1       eureka1
127.0.0.1       eureka2

启动，并访问测试

http://eureka1:2001

1.8 service provider 服务提供者

eureka注册中心

修改 item-service、user-service、order-service，把微服务注册到 eureka 服务器

pom.xml 添加eureka依赖
application.yml 添加eureka注册配置
主程序启用eureka客户端
启动服务，在eureka中查看注册信息

pom.xml 添加 eureka 客户端依赖

点击pom.xml添加以下依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.yml 添加 eureka注册配置

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka1:2001/eureka

eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds
心跳间隔时间，默认 30 秒
defaultZone，默认位置，可以修改为具体地理位置，比如：beiJing, shangHai, shenZhen 等，表示 eureka 服务器的部署位置, 需要云服务器提供
eureka.client.registry-fetch-interval-seconds
拉取注册信息间隔时间，默认 30 秒

主程序启用服务注册发现客户端

修改 item-service、user-service 和 order-service，
主程序添加 @EnableDiscoveryClient 注解

启动，并访问 eureka 查看注册信息

Spring Cloud(框架集)

1 spring cloud

1.1 介绍

1.1.1 spring cloud 技术组成

1.1.2 Spring Cloud 对比 Dubbo

1.2 service - 服务

1.3 commons 通用项目

1.4 item service 商品服务

Spring MVC 接收参数的几个注解

访问测试

1.5 user service 用户服务

1.6 order service 订单服务

1.7 eureka 注册与发现

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