JumpServer堡垒机部署与运用之二：安装部署

架构图

组件介绍

• JumpServer => 现指 Jumpserver 管理后台，是核心组件（Core）, 使用 Django Class Based View 风格开发，支持 Restful API。
• koko => 实现了 SSH Server 和 Web Terminal Server 的组件，提供 SSH 和 WebSocket 接口, 使用 Paramiko 和 Flask 开发。
• Luna => 现在是 Web Terminal 前端，计划前端页面都由该项目提供，Jumpserver 只提供 API，不再负责后台渲染html等。
• Guacamole => Apache 跳板机项目，Jumpserver 使用其组件实现 RDP 功能，Jumpserver 并没有修改其代码而是添加了额外的插件，支持 Jumpserver 调用。

组件部署

1. 环境要求

硬件配置: 2个CPU核心, 4G 内存, 50G 硬盘（最低）
操作系统: Linux 发行版 x86_64
其他配置: 关闭SELinux 与 防火墙 (生产环境需要谨慎开启)

setenforce 0
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

systemctl status firewalld.service
systemctl start firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service 

2. 系统环境更新

yum -y update

3. 环境依赖包

yum -y install wget gcc epel-release git gcc krb5-devel libtiff-devel libjpeg-devel libzip-devel freetype-devel libwebp-devel tcl-devel tk-devel sshpass openldap-devel mariadb-devel libffi-devel openssh-clients telnet openldap-clients docker

4. 安装Python、Mysql、Redis、Nginx组件

yum -y install python3.6 python36-devel mariadb mariadb-server.x86_64 redis nginx

5. Redis设置

systemctl enable redis
systemctl start redis

6. Mysql设置

systemctl enable mariadb
systemctl start mariadb

DB_PASSWORD=`cat /dev/urandom | tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 | head -c 24`
echo -e "\033[31m 你的数据库密码是 $DB_PASSWORD \033[0m"
mysql -uroot -e "create database jumpserver default charset 'utf8' collate 'utf8_bin'; grant all on jumpserver.* to 'jumpserver'@'127.0.0.1' identified by '$DB_PASSWORD'; flush privileges;"

默认root密码是空，如下是密码修改方法：
mysqladmin -u root -p password ericzhong

7. Python虚拟环境配置

cd /opt
python3.6 -m venv py3
source /opt/py3/bin/activate

每次操作 jumpserver 都需要先载入 py3 虚拟环境

8. JumpServer部署

• 下载程序与部署

cd /opt && \
wget -O jumpserver.tar.gz https://github.com/jumpserver/jumpserver/archive/2.0.1.tar.gz
tar xf jumpserver.tar.gz
ln -s /opt/jumpserver-2.0.1 /opt/jumpserver

• 安装编译环境依赖

yum install -y $(cat rpm_requirements.txt)
pip install wheel -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
pip install --upgrade pip setuptools -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
pip install -r requirements.txt -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

• 配置修改

cd /opt/jumpserver/
cp config_example.yml config.yml
SECRET_KEY=`cat /dev/urandom | tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 | head -c 50`
echo "SECRET_KEY=$SECRET_KEY" >> ~/.bashrc
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=`cat /dev/urandom | tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 | head -c 16`
echo "BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN" >> ~/.bashrc
sed -i "s/SECRET_KEY:/SECRET_KEY: $SECRET_KEY/g" /opt/jumpserver/config.yml
sed -i "s/BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN:/BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN: $BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN/g" /opt/jumpserver/config.yml
sed -i "s/# DEBUG: true/DEBUG: false/g" /opt/jumpserver/config.yml
sed -i "s/# LOG_LEVEL: DEBUG/LOG_LEVEL: ERROR/g" /opt/jumpserver/config.yml
sed -i "s/# SESSION_EXPIRE_AT_BROWSER_CLOSE: false/SESSION_EXPIRE_AT_BROWSER_CLOSE: true/g" /opt/jumpserver/config.yml
sed -i "s/DB_PASSWORD: /DB_PASSWORD: $DB_PASSWORD/g" /opt/jumpserver/config.yml
echo -e "\033[31m 你的SECRET_KEY是 $SECRET_KEY \033[0m"
echo -e "\033[31m 你的BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN是 $BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN \033[0m"

• 启动程序

cd /opt/jumpserver/
./jms start -d

日志输出：

(py3) [root@jumpserver01 jumpserver]# ./jms start -d
2020-06-23 14:13:41 Tue Jun 23 14:13:41 2020
2020-06-23 14:13:41 Jumpserver version 2.0.0, more see https://www.jumpserver.org

- Start Gunicorn WSGI HTTP Server
2020-06-23 14:13:41 Check database connection ...
users
 [ ] 0001_initial
 [ ] 0002_auto_20171225_1157_squashed_0019_auto_20190304_1459 (18 squashed migrations)
 [ ] 0020_auto_20190612_1825
 [ ] 0021_auto_20190625_1104
 [ ] 0022_auto_20190625_1105
 [ ] 0023_auto_20190724_1525
 [ ] 0024_auto_20191118_1612
 [ ] 0025_auto_20200206_1216
 [ ] 0026_auto_20200508_2105
 [ ] 0027_auto_20200616_1503
2020-06-23 14:13:48 Database connect success
2020-06-23 14:13:48 Check database structure change ...
2020-06-23 14:13:48 Migrate model change to database ...
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, applications, assets, audits, auth, authentication, captcha, common, contenttypes, django_cas_ng, django_celery_beat, jms_oidc_rp, ops, orgs, perms, sessions, settings, terminal, tickets, users
Running migrations:
  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
  Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
  Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
  Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK
  Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK
  Applying users.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
  Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK
  Applying users.0002_auto_20171225_1157_squashed_0019_auto_20190304_1459... OK
  Applying assets.0001_initial... OK
  Applying perms.0001_initial... OK
  Applying assets.0002_auto_20180105_1807_squashed_0009_auto_20180307_1212... OK
  Applying assets.0010_auto_20180307_1749_squashed_0019_auto_20180816_1320... OK
  Applying perms.0002_auto_20171228_0025_squashed_0009_auto_20180903_1132... OK
  Applying perms.0003_action... OK
  Applying perms.0004_assetpermission_actions... OK
  Applying assets.0020_auto_20180816_1652... OK
  Applying assets.0021_auto_20180903_1132... OK
  Applying assets.0022_auto_20181012_1717... OK
  Applying assets.0023_auto_20181016_1650... OK
  Applying assets.0024_auto_20181219_1614... OK
  Applying assets.0025_auto_20190221_1902... OK
  Applying assets.0026_auto_20190325_2035... OK
  Applying applications.0001_initial... OK
  Applying perms.0005_auto_20190521_1619... OK
  Applying perms.0006_auto_20190628_1921... OK
  Applying perms.0007_remove_assetpermission_actions... OK
  Applying perms.0008_auto_20190911_1907... OK
  Applying assets.0027_auto_20190521_1703... OK
  Applying assets.0028_protocol... OK
  Applying assets.0029_auto_20190522_1114... OK
  Applying assets.0030_auto_20190619_1135... OK
  Applying assets.0031_auto_20190621_1332... OK
  Applying assets.0032_auto_20190624_2108... OK
  Applying assets.0033_auto_20190624_2108... OK
  Applying assets.0034_auto_20190705_1348... OK
  Applying assets.0035_auto_20190711_2018... OK
  Applying assets.0036_auto_20190716_1535... OK
  Applying assets.0037_auto_20190724_2002... OK
  Applying assets.0038_auto_20190911_1634... OK
  Applying perms.0009_remoteapppermission_system_users... OK
  Applying applications.0002_remove_remoteapp_system_user... OK
  Applying applications.0003_auto_20191210_1659... OK
  Applying applications.0004_auto_20191218_1705... OK
  Applying assets.0039_authbook_is_active... OK
  Applying assets.0040_auto_20190917_2056... OK
  Applying assets.0041_gathereduser... OK
  Applying assets.0042_favoriteasset... OK
  Applying assets.0043_auto_20191114_1111... OK
  Applying assets.0044_platform... OK
  Applying assets.0045_auto_20191206_1607... OK
  Applying assets.0046_auto_20191218_1705... OK
  Applying assets.0047_assetuser... OK
  Applying assets.0048_auto_20191230_1512... OK
  Applying assets.0049_systemuser_sftp_root... OK
  Applying audits.0001_initial... OK
  Applying audits.0002_ftplog_org_id... OK
  Applying audits.0003_auto_20180816_1652... OK
  Applying audits.0004_operatelog_passwordchangelog_userloginlog... OK
  Applying audits.0005_auto_20190228_1715... OK
  Applying audits.0006_auto_20190726_1753... OK
  Applying audits.0007_auto_20191202_1010... OK
  Applying audits.0008_auto_20200508_2105... OK
  Applying auth.0009_alter_user_last_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0010_alter_group_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0011_update_proxy_permissions... OK
  Applying authentication.0001_initial... OK
  Applying authentication.0002_auto_20190729_1423... OK
  Applying authentication.0003_loginconfirmsetting... OK
  Applying captcha.0001_initial... OK
  Applying common.0001_initial... OK
  Applying common.0002_auto_20180111_1407... OK
  Applying common.0003_setting_category... OK
  Applying common.0004_setting_encrypted... OK
  Applying common.0005_auto_20190221_1902... OK
  Applying common.0006_auto_20190304_1515... OK
  Applying django_cas_ng.0001_initial... OK
  Applying django_celery_beat.0001_initial... OK
  Applying django_celery_beat.0002_auto_20161118_0346... OK
  Applying django_celery_beat.0003_auto_20161209_0049... OK
  Applying django_celery_beat.0004_auto_20170221_0000... OK
  Applying django_celery_beat.0005_add_solarschedule_events_choices_squashed_0009_merge_20181012_1416... OK
  Applying django_celery_beat.0006_periodictask_priority... OK
  Applying jms_oidc_rp.0001_initial... OK
  Applying ops.0001_initial... OK
  Applying ops.0002_celerytask... OK
  Applying ops.0003_auto_20181207_1744... OK
  Applying ops.0004_adhoc_run_as... OK
  Applying ops.0005_auto_20181219_1807... OK
  Applying ops.0006_auto_20190318_1023... OK
  Applying ops.0007_auto_20190724_2002... OK
  Applying ops.0008_auto_20190919_2100... OK
  Applying ops.0009_auto_20191217_1713... OK
  Applying ops.0010_auto_20191217_1758... OK
  Applying ops.0011_auto_20200106_1534... OK
  Applying ops.0012_auto_20200108_1659... OK
  Applying ops.0013_auto_20200108_1706... OK
  Applying ops.0014_auto_20200108_1749... OK
  Applying ops.0015_auto_20200108_1809... OK
  Applying ops.0016_commandexecution_org_id... OK
  Applying ops.0017_auto_20200306_1747... OK
  Applying ops.0018_auto_20200509_1434... OK
  Applying orgs.0001_initial... OK
  Applying orgs.0002_auto_20180903_1132... OK
  Applying orgs.0003_auto_20190916_1057... OK
  Applying users.0020_auto_20190612_1825... OK
  Applying users.0021_auto_20190625_1104... OK
  Applying users.0022_auto_20190625_1105... OK
  Applying users.0023_auto_20190724_1525... OK
  Applying users.0024_auto_20191118_1612... OK
  Applying perms.0010_auto_20191218_1705... OK
  Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
  Applying settings.0001_initial... OK
  Applying terminal.0001_initial... OK
  Applying terminal.0002_auto_20171228_0025_squashed_0009_auto_20180326_0957... OK
  Applying terminal.0010_auto_20180423_1140... OK
  Applying terminal.0011_auto_20180807_1116... OK
  Applying terminal.0012_auto_20180816_1652... OK
  Applying terminal.0013_auto_20181123_1113... OK
  Applying terminal.0014_auto_20181226_1441... OK
  Applying terminal.0015_auto_20190923_1529... OK
  Applying terminal.0016_commandstorage_replaystorage... OK
  Applying terminal.0017_auto_20191125_0931... OK
  Applying terminal.0018_auto_20191202_1010... OK
  Applying terminal.0019_auto_20191206_1000... OK
  Applying terminal.0020_auto_20191218_1721... OK
  Applying terminal.0021_auto_20200213_1316... OK
  Applying terminal.0022_session_is_success... OK
  Applying terminal.0023_command_risk_level... OK
  Applying tickets.0001_initial... OK
  Applying users.0025_auto_20200206_1216... OK
  Applying users.0026_auto_20200508_2105... OK
  Applying users.0027_auto_20200616_1503... OK
2020-06-23 14:14:12 Collect static files
2020-06-23 14:14:18 Collect static files done

- Start Celery as Distributed Task Queue: Ansible

- Start Celery as Distributed Task Queue: Celery

- Start Beat as Periodic Task Scheduler

- Start Flower as Task Monitor

- Start Daphne ASGI WS Server
gunicorn is running: 3881
celery_ansible is running: 3892
celery_default is running: 3896
beat is running: 3900
flower is running: 3904
daphne is running: 3908

• Jumpserver自动启动设置

echo 'source /opt/py3/bin/activate && /opt/jumpserver/jms start -d' >> /etc/rc.local \
  && chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

9. Docker部署KOKO组件

systemctl enable docker
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker.service
cd /opt
Server_IP=`ip addr | grep 'state UP' -A2 | grep inet \
  | egrep -v '(127.0.0.1|inet6|docker)' | awk '{print $2}' | tr -d "addr:" \
  | head -n 1 | cut -d / -f1` \
  && echo -e "\033[31m 你的服务器IP是 $Server_IP \033[0m" \
  && echo -e "\033[31m 你的BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN是 $BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN \033[0m"
docker run --name jms_koko -d \
  -p 2222:2222 -p 127.0.0.1:5000:5000 \
  -e CORE_HOST=http://$Server_IP:8080 \
  -e BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN \
  -e LOG_LEVEL=ERROR \
  --restart=always \
  jumpserver/jms_koko:2.0.1

10. Docker部署Guacamole组件

cd /opt
docker run --name jms_guacamole -d \
  -p 127.0.0.1:8081:8080 \
  -e JUMPSERVER_SERVER=http://$Server_IP \
  -e BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN \
  -e GUACAMOLE_LOG_LEVEL=ERROR \
  jumpserver/jms_guacamole:2.0.1

• 检查Docker状态

docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                            COMMAND             CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                                              NAMES
36a58481a02e        jumpserver/jms_guacamole:2.0.1   "./entrypoint.sh"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   127.0.0.1:8081->8080/tcp                           jms_guacamole
7a77d4c2aea4        jumpserver/jms_koko:2.0.1        "./entrypoint.sh"   9 minutes ago        Up 9 minutes        0.0.0.0:2222->2222/tcp, 127.0.0.1:5000->5000/tcp   jms_koko


docker images
REPOSITORY                           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/jumpserver/jms_koko        2.0.1               141f4ce1e18c        4 hours ago         356 MB
docker.io/jumpserver/jms_guacamole   2.0.1               b1eecc36e7a2        4 hours ago         659 MB

11. Lina组件部署

cd /opt
wget http://demo.jumpserver.org/download/lina/2.0.1/lina.tar.gz
tar -xf lina.tar.gz
chown -R nginx:nginx lina

12. Luna组件部署

cd /opt
wget http://demo.jumpserver.org/download/luna/2.0.1/luna.tar.gz
tar -xf luna.tar.gz
chown -R nginx:nginx luna

13. Nginx 整合各组件配置

# nginx默认配置
cat > /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf << EOF
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
 
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
 
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
 
http {
    log_format  main  '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '
                      '\$status \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '
                      '"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';
 
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
 
    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;
 
    include             /usr/local/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;
 
    include /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
 
EOF

# 清空默认虚拟主机配置
echo > /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

# jumpserver虚拟主机配置
vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/jumpserver.conf

server {
    
    
    listen 80;

    client_max_body_size 500m;  # 录像及文件上传大小限制

    location /ui/ {
    
    
        try_files $uri / /index.html;
        alias /opt/lina/;
    }

    location /luna/ {
    
    
        try_files $uri / /index.html;
        alias /opt/luna/;  # luna 路径, 如果修改安装目录, 此处需要修改
    }

    location /media/ {
    
    
        add_header Content-Encoding gzip;
        root /opt/jumpserver/data/;  # 录像位置, 如果修改安装目录, 此处需要修改
    }

    location /static/ {
    
    
        root /opt/jumpserver/data/;  # 静态资源, 如果修改安装目录, 此处需要修改
    }

    location /koko/ {
    
    
        proxy_pass       http://localhost:5000;
        proxy_buffering off;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        access_log off;
    }

    location /guacamole/ {
    
    
        proxy_pass       http://localhost:8081/;
        proxy_buffering off;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection $http_connection;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        access_log off;
    }

    location /ws/ {
    
    
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_pass http://localhost:8070;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_buffering off;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
    }

    location /api/ {
    
    
        proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }

    location /core/ {
    
    
        proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }

    location / {
    
    
        rewrite ^/(.*)$ /ui/$1 last;
    }
}

• 服务启动

systemctl enable nginx
systemctl start nginx
systemctl status nginx
nginx -t
nginx -s reload

14. Jumpserver登录验证

默认账号与密码：admin

安全建议

1. JumpServer前端放置防火墙禁止不必要的端口访问，外部访问只需要开放80和2222端口，如果配置SSL需要额外开放443端口。
2. JumpServer 所在服务器操作系统应该升级到最新。
3. JumpServer 依赖的软件禁止弱密码、默认密码，定期更新软件到最新版本。
4. 推荐开启 MFA 功能，避免因密码泄露导致的安全问题

其他补充

1. Docker 解决"net/http: TLS handshake timeout"
   此问题是由于一些不可描述的网络问题引起，可以通过如下方法解决。

vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
    
     "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com","https://pee6w651.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] }

service docker restart

2. IPv6功能服务禁用

# 内核参数禁用
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" >> /etc/sysconfig/network
echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1" >> /etc/sysconfig/network
echo "NETWORKING_IPV6=no" >> /etc/sysconfig/network
sysctl -p

# 启动参数禁用
vi /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="ipv6.disable=1 ..."
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
reboot

3. koko组件出现异常无法正常运用

• koko组件日志查询：

docker logs -f jms_koko

• koko组件重建方法
  鉴于koko组件是采用Docker方式部署，那么没有重建解决不了的事情。如果有那么就是Nginx配置不正确的，请检查Nginx配置。

cd /opt
docker stop jms_koko
docker rm jms_koko
Server_IP=`ip addr | grep 'state UP' -A2 | grep inet \
  | egrep -v '(127.0.0.1|inet6|docker)' | awk '{print $2}' | tr -d "addr:" \
  | head -n 1 | cut -d / -f1` \
  && echo -e "\033[31m 你的服务器IP是 $Server_IP \033[0m" \
  && echo -e "\033[31m 你的BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN是 $BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN \033[0m"
docker run --name jms_koko -d \
  -p 2222:2222 -p 127.0.0.1:5000:5000 \
  -e CORE_HOST=http://$Server_IP:8080 \
  -e BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN \
  -e LOG_LEVEL=ERROR \
  --restart=always \
  jumpserver/jms_koko:2.0.1