linux下usb摄像头操作,离不开v4l2框架
V4L2是Video for linux2的简称,为linux中关于视频设备的内核驱动。在Linux中,视频设备是设备文件,可以像访问普通文件一样对其进行读写,摄像头在/dev/video0下。
- 查看linux 摄像头设备,如果存在有效的摄像头设备,则可以在dev目录下查看
eric@eric-PC:/$ ls dev/video* -l
crw-rw----+ 1 root video 81, 0 11月 8 13:37 dev/video0
crw-rw----+ 1 root video 81, 1 11月 8 13:37 dev/video1
- 也可以查看启动信息,是否存在有效usb摄像头设备
eric@eric-PC:/$ dmesg | grep video
[ 1849.908486] videodev: Linux video capture interface: v2.00
[ 1850.022954] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device hm1091_techfront (0408:1020)
[ 1850.061899] uvcvideo 1-1:1.0: Entity type for entity Extension 4 was not initialized!
[ 1850.061903] uvcvideo 1-1:1.0: Entity type for entity Extension 3 was not initialized!
[ 1850.061905] uvcvideo 1-1:1.0: Entity type for entity Processing 2 was not initialized!
[ 1850.061907] uvcvideo 1-1:1.0: Entity type for entity Camera 1 was not initialized!
[ 1850.062579] usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo
v4l2-ctl命令查看video设备参数信息,如果提示如下未找到v4l2-ctl命令,则需要安装v4l-utils
eric@eric-PC:/dev$ v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video0 --all
bash: v4l2-ctl:未找到命令
eric@eric-PC:/dev$ sudo apt-get install v4l-utils
eric@eric-PC:/$ v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video0 --all
Driver Info:
Driver name : uvcvideo
Card type : hm1091_techfront: hm1091_techfr
Bus info : usb-0000:02:04.0-1
Driver version : 5.4.50
Capabilities : 0x84a00001
Video Capture
Metadata Capture
Streaming
Extended Pix Format
Device Capabilities
Device Caps : 0x04200001
Video Capture
Streaming
Extended Pix Format
Priority: 2
Video input : 0 (Camera 1: ok)
Format Video Capture:
Width/Height : 1280/720
Pixel Format : 'MJPG' (Motion-JPEG)
Field : None
Bytes per Line : 0
Size Image : 1843200
Colorspace : sRGB
Transfer Function : Default (maps to sRGB)
YCbCr/HSV Encoding: Default (maps to ITU-R 601)
Quantization : Default (maps to Full Range)
Flags :
Crop Capability Video Capture:
Bounds : Left 0, Top 0, Width 1280, Height 720
Default : Left 0, Top 0, Width 1280, Height 720
Pixel Aspect: 1/1
Selection: crop_default, Left 0, Top 0, Width 1280, Height 720, Flags:
Selection: crop_bounds, Left 0, Top 0, Width 1280, Height 720, Flags:
Streaming Parameters Video Capture:
Capabilities : timeperframe
Frames per second: 30.000 (30/1)
Read buffers : 0
brightness 0x00980900 (int) : min=-64 max=64 step=1 default=0 value=0
contrast 0x00980901 (int) : min=0 max=95 step=1 default=0 value=0
saturation 0x00980902 (int) : min=0 max=100 step=1 default=64 value=64
hue 0x00980903 (int) : min=-2000 max=2000 step=1 default=0 value=0
white_balance_temperature_auto 0x0098090c (bool) : default=1 value=1
gamma 0x00980910 (int) : min=100 max=300 step=1 default=100 value=100
power_line_frequency 0x00980918 (menu) : min=0 max=2 default=1 value=1
white_balance_temperature 0x0098091a (int) : min=2800 max=6500 step=1 default=4600 value=4600 flags=inactive
sharpness 0x0098091b (int) : min=0 max=7 step=1 default=2 value=2
backlight_compensation 0x0098091c (int) : min=0 max=1 step=1 default=1 value=1
exposure_auto 0x009a0901 (menu) : min=0 max=3 default=3 value=3
exposure_absolute 0x009a0902 (int) : min=10 max=2047 step=1 default=384 value=384 flags=inactive
exposure_auto_priority 0x009a0903 (bool) : default=0 value=1
有以上信息可以看出,设备支持分辨率1280×720,支持MJPEG格式。