本文参考哔哩哔哩“遇见狂神说”课程:SpringMVC
仅供作为复习spring、mybatis、springmvc的笔记,感谢kuang带来的精彩讲解,受益匪浅。
spring、mybatis、springmvc配置整合
1 数据库环境:
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
2 基本环境搭建
(1)新建Maven项目。
(2)导入依赖:
junit,数据库驱动,连接池,servlet,jsp,mybatis,mybatis-spring,spring,springmvc
<dependencies>
<!--Junit--单元测试框架>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!--数据库驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池: c3p0:dbcp-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Servlet - JSP -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--Lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.16.10</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--静态资源导出问题-->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
3 建立基本结构和配置框架
4 Mybatis层配置
(1)数据库配置文件database.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
注意:
如果使用的是MySQL8.0+,需要增加一个时区的配置; &serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
(2)IDEA关联数据库配置
(3)Mybatis核心配置文件mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--在Spring配置文件spring-mybatis.xml中配置数据源-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.kuang.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
注意:
- mappers:映射器,用来告诉mybatis去哪里找sql映射文件即Mapper.xml 文件。
<mapper class="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper"/>
使用接口的完全限定类名,需要接口名和配置文件名称一致,且在同一个目录下。 - typeAliases:类型别名,主要用来在xml配置文件中为java类设置一个较短的名字,减少类完全限定名的冗余。每一个在包com.kuang.pojo 中的实体类Java Bean,都会使用类名的首字母小写作为它的别名,这样减少了完全类限定名的使用。
(4)编写数据库对应的实体类com.kuang.pojo.Books
package com.kuang.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
(5)编写Dao层的Mapper接口
package com.kuang.dao;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
注意:
- 对于基本类型的参数,建议使用
@Param
注解。@param("xx")
相当于给后面的参数起了个别名
(6)编写接口对应的BookMapper.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper">
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName, bookCounts, detail)
values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
</insert>
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
delete from ssmbuild.books
where bookID = #{bookId}
</delete>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmbuild.books
set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail}
where bookID=#{bookID} ;
</update>
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books
where bookID = #{bookId}
</select>
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books
</select>
</mapper>
注意:
- namespace:命名空间,用来绑定对应接口,必须和接口的完全类限定名同名,且接口中的方法要和xml中的id名一一对应。
(7)编写service层的接口BookService
package com.kuang.service;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
}
(8)编写service层实现类BookServiceImpl
package com.kuang.service;
import com.kuang.dao.BookMapper;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
//service调dao层: 组合Dao
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
public int addBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.addBook(books);
}
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
}
注意:
- 这里我们使用了xml配置的方式对bookMapper进行spring容器托管,当然我们也可以使用注解的方式,进行bookMapper的注入,此时我们只需要将@Repository加入到BookMapper接口上,并采用@Autowired进行注入即可。
4 Spring层配置
(1)spring层整合mabatis层配置:spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1.关联数据库配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!--2.连接池
dbcp: 半自动化操作 , 不能自动连接
c3p0: 自动化操作(自动化的加载配置文件,并且可以自动设置到对象中!)
druid : hikari
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!--3.sqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--绑定Mybatis的配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--4.配置dao接口扫描包,动态的实现Dao接口注入到Spring容器中-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!--注入 sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!--要扫描的dao包-->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.kuang.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
注意:
- 使用SqlSessionFactoryBean 来创建SqlSessionFactory , 有一个必要属性datasource,用来绑定数据源。有一个常用属性,configLocation,用来指定MyBatis 的XML 配置文件路径。
- 可以注册sqlSessionTemplate并使用构造器关联sqlSessionFactory来获得sqlsession;或者让dao的实现类去继承SqlSessionDaoSupport,并在配置文件中为dao实现类的父类注入sqlSessionFactory属性来获得sqlsession。
- 配置MapperScannerConfigurer,动态地将BookMapper接口注入到spring容器中。如果不使用这个spring中的快捷设置,那么可以注册sqlSessionTemplate并使用构造器关联sqlSessionFactory来获得sqlsession;:
<!--3.sqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--绑定Mybatis的配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<bean id="bookMapper" class="com.kuang.dao.BookMapperImpl">
<property name="sqlSession" ref="sqlSession"/>
</bean>
需要新建一个BookMapper的实现类,
public class BookMapperImpl implements BookMapper {
private SqlSessionTemplate sqlSession;
public void setSqlSession(SqlSessionTemplate sqlSession){
this.sqlSession = sqlSession;
}
public int addBook(Books books) {
BookMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BookMapper.class);
return mapper.addBook(books);
}
}
注意:
- SqlSessionTemplate就相当于sqlSession
(2)spring层整合service层配置:spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1.扫描service下的包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.service"/>
<!--2.将我们的所有业务类,注入到Spring,可以通过配置,或者注解实现-->
<bean id="bookService" class="com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!--3.声明式事务配置-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!--注入数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--4.aop事务支持!-->
<!--配置通知以及切入点-->
</beans>
注意:
- 将spring-dao.xml, spring-service.xml, spring-mvc.xml都整合到applicationContext.xml中可以防止引入bookMapper时爆红。
- 有标签context:component-scan,spring就会去自动扫描base-package对应的路径或者该路径的子包下面的java文件,如果扫描到文件中带有@Service,@Component,@Repository,@Controller等这些注解的类,则把这些类注册为bean。
5 SpringMVC层配置
(1)添加web支持
项目右键->Add Framework Support
(2)web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--DispatchServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--乱码过滤-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
注意:
/*
包括jsp页面也被过滤
(3)spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1.注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--2.静态资源过滤-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--3.扫描包:controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller"/>
<!--4.视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
注意:
- 加入注解驱动可以省去handlerMapping和handlerAdapter的配置。
- Spring MVC 中的
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
标签,在 WEB 容器启动的时候会在上下文中定义一个 DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler,它会对DispatcherServlet的请求进行处理,如果该请求已经作了映射,那么会接着交给后台对应的处理程序,如果没有作映射,就交给 WEB 应用服务器默认的 Servlet 处理,从而找到对应的静态资源,只有再找不到资源时才会报错。
(4)整合所有spring配置文件:applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>
(5)Controller层编写
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
}
(6)视图层编写:allBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍列表</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initialscale=
1.0">
<!-- 引入Bootstrap -->
<link
href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"
rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表—— 显示所有书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary"
href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名字</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book"
items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
<tr>
<td>${
book.getBookID()}</td>
<td>${
book.getBookName()}</td>
<td>${
book.getBookCounts()}</td>
<td>${
book.getDetail()}</td>
<td>
<a
href="${
pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?
id=${
book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
<a
href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">
删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>