错题集——一个给自己挖坑的网络综合实验
前言
一、需求
全网互通，一个不留
二、思维想法
- AS100区域中，把R5和R7做成反射器，其余用OSPF互通
- AS200区域中，做个生成树，加上VRRP，中间LSW1和LSW2中间做聚合，加上RIP，和BGP之间互相导入
- AS300区域中，G0/0/1接口做个PC1的网关，来连接路由和PC机，AS400同理。
- AS500和AS600一样，做BGP连接不同AS域。
三、实践结果
1、PC1连通性
PC>ping 192.168.10.100
Ping 192.168.10.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=121 time=78 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=121 time=110 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=121 time=125 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=121 time=93 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=121 time=94 ms
--- 192.168.10.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/100/125 ms
PC>ping 192.168.20.100
Ping 192.168.20.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=121 time=125 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=121 time=78 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=121 time=109 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=121 time=110 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=121 time=93 ms
--- 192.168.20.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/103/125 ms
PC>ping 192.168.30.100
Ping 192.168.30.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=121 time=93 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=121 time=110 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=121 time=109 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=121 time=94 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=121 time=94 ms
--- 192.168.30.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 93/100/110 ms
PC>ping 192.168.40.100
Ping 192.168.40.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=121 time=125 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=121 time=141 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=121 time=109 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=121 time=125 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=121 time=125 ms
--- 192.168.40.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 109/125/141 ms
PC>ping 10.4.20.20
Ping 10.4.20.20: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=124 time=31 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=31 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=16 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=31 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=31 ms
--- 10.4.20.20 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 16/28/31 ms
2、PC2连通性
PC>ping 192.168.40.100
Ping 192.168.40.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=120 time=125 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=120 time=109 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=120 time=110 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=120 time=125 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=120 time=140 ms
--- 192.168.40.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 109/121/140 ms
PC>ping 192.168.30.100
Ping 192.168.30.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=120 time=93 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=120 time=94 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=120 time=110 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=120 time=93 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=120 time=110 ms
--- 192.168.30.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 93/100/110 ms
PC>ping 192.168.20.100
Ping 192.168.20.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=120 time=125 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=120 time=109 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=120 time=109 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=120 time=141 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=120 time=109 ms
--- 192.168.20.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 109/118/141 ms
PC>ping 192.168.10.100
Ping 192.168.10.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=120 time=94 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=120 time=94 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=120 time=125 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=120 time=78 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=120 time=94 ms
--- 192.168.10.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/97/125 ms
PC>ping 10.3.10.10
Ping 10.3.10.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=124 time=31 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=31 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=16 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=31 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=31 ms
--- 10.3.10.10 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 16/28/31 ms
3、PC3连通性
PC>ping 192.168.40.100
Ping 192.168.40.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=94 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=78 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=94 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=94 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=109 ms
--- 192.168.40.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/93/109 ms
PC>ping 192.168.30.100
Ping 192.168.30.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=126 time=109 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=125 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=141 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=62 ms
--- 192.168.30.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 62/103/141 ms
PC>ping 192.168.20.100
Ping 192.168.20.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=78 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=63 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=47 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=47 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=78 ms
--- 192.168.20.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 47/62/78 ms
PC>ping 10.3.10.10
Ping 10.3.10.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=120 time=78 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=120 time=63 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=120 time=93 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=120 time=78 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=120 time=94 ms
--- 10.3.10.10 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 63/81/94 ms
PC>ping 10.4.20.20
Ping 10.4.20.20: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=121 time=78 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=121 time=78 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=121 time=62 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=121 time=78 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=121 time=79 ms
--- 10.4.20.20 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 62/75/79 ms
4、PC4连通性
PC>ping 192.168.10.100
Ping 192.168.10.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=31 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=31 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=32 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=31 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=15 ms
--- 192.168.10.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 15/28/32 ms
PC>ping 192.168.30.100
Ping 192.168.30.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
--- 192.168.30.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
0 packet(s) received
100.00% packet loss
PC>ping 192.168.40.100
Ping 192.168.40.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=125 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=93 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=110 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=94 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=78 ms
--- 192.168.40.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/100/125 ms
5、PC5连通性
PC>ping 192.168.10.100
Ping 192.168.10.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
--- 192.168.10.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
0 packet(s) received
100.00% packet loss
PC>ping 192.168.20.100
Ping 192.168.20.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=126 time=62 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=78 ms
--- 192.168.20.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 62/84/94 ms
PC>ping 192.168.40.100
Ping 192.168.40.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=47 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=78 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=47 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=47 ms
From 192.168.40.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=78 ms
--- 192.168.40.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 47/59/78 ms
6、PC6连通性
PC>ping 192.168.30.100
Ping 192.168.30.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=156 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=63 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=78 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=47 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=15 ms
--- 192.168.30.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 15/71/156 ms
PC>ping 192.168.20.100
Ping 192.168.20.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=172 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=78 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=94 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=93 ms
From 192.168.20.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=94 ms
--- 192.168.20.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/106/172 ms
PC>ping 192.168.10.100
Ping 192.168.10.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=109 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=110 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=109 ms
--- 192.168.10.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 94/103/110 ms
PC>ping 10.3.10.10
Ping 10.3.10.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=120 time=110 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=120 time=140 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=120 time=94 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=120 time=78 ms
From 10.3.10.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=120 time=94 ms
--- 10.3.10.10 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/103/140 ms
PC>ping 10.4.20.20
Ping 10.4.20.20: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=121 time=93 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=121 time=94 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=121 time=63 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=121 time=93 ms
From 10.4.20.20: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=121 time=78 ms
--- 10.4.20.20 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 63/84/94 ms
四、问题出来了
看到这里，我发现奇怪的现象了，PC3、PC4、PC5和PC6之间出现了奇怪的问题，就是PC3和PC6明显的没问题，都能互通，但是，PC4出现了ping vlan30 也就是PC5超时的问题，同样的，PC5也出现了问题，就是PC5出现了ping vlan10 也就是PC3超时，这个问题就很奇怪。
五、找到原因
我多方面的排障之后，发现了问题，我在AS200里进行抓包排障，发现了问题
这里的所有接口，都出现了VRRP问题，也就是说，问题出现在VRRP上，但是，我在做VRRP的时候，用命令dis vrrp brife 查VRRP的虚拟路由的Master和Backup完全没有问题，没有出现一个三层交换机出现多个Master的情况。
所以我决定删除VRRP再试试
六、改完后的结果
PC4
PC>ping 192.168.30.100
Ping 192.168.30.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=126 time=109 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=78 ms
From 192.168.30.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=125 ms
--- 192.168.30.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 78/100/125 ms
PC5
PC>ping 192.168.10.100
Ping 192.168.10.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=126 time=125 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=126 time=109 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=126 time=109 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=126 time=94 ms
From 192.168.10.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=126 time=94 ms
--- 192.168.10.100 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 94/106/125 ms
总结
哎，就感觉是自己给自己挖了个坑，而且还跳进去了，差点出不来，本来想着多套几个进去，让自己能把网络的简单知识灵活运用，能串联起来的，没想到是给自己挖坑了。。。