由于Android手机型号，厂商等很多，我们不能保证测试时候没问题的程序，在各种手机上都没问题。
当出现问题，程序崩溃时，我们可以设置对应的监听，将对应的报错信息记录下来，上传至服务器。
一、原理
在Thread类中，有一个接口 UncaughtExceptionHandler
/**
* Implemented by objects that want to handle cases where a thread is being
* terminated by an uncaught exception. Upon such termination, the handler
* is notified of the terminating thread and causal exception. If there is
* no explicit handler set then the thread's group is the default handler.
*/
public static interface UncaughtExceptionHandler {
/**
* The thread is being terminated by an uncaught exception. Further
* exceptions thrown in this method are prevent the remainder of the
* method from executing, but are otherwise ignored.
*
* @param thread the thread that has an uncaught exception
* @param ex the exception that was thrown
*/
void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex);
}
同时有一个实现该接口的成员变量 defaultUncaughtHandler
/**
* Holds the default handler for uncaught exceptions, in case there is one.
*/
private static UncaughtExceptionHandler defaultUncaughtHandler;当程序出现未处理的异常（崩溃）时，会调用该成员变量的
uncaughtException 方法 ，因此，我们可以在此方法中进行记录异常信息，上传服务器等操作
二、使用方法
1.写一个 UncaughtExceptionHandler 的实现类 CrashHandler
package com.czlaite.utils;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.os.Process;
public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler{
private static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";
private static final boolean DEBUG = true;
//路径，文件名前缀，后缀
private static final String PATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/CrashTest/log/";
private static final String FILE_NAME_PERFIX = "crash";
private static final String FILE_NAME_SUFFIX = ".trace";
//系统默认的异常处理器
private UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultCrashHandler;
private Context mContext;
//单例模式
private static CrashHandler sInstance = new CrashHandler();
private CrashHandler() {
}
public static CrashHandler getInstance() {
return sInstance;
}
public void init(Context context) {
mDefaultCrashHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
}
/**
* 这个是最关键的函数，当程序中有未被捕获的异常，系统将会自动调用#uncaughtException方法
* thread为出现未捕获异常的线程，ex为未捕获的异常，有了这个ex，我们就可以得到异常信息。
*/
@Override
public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
try {
//导出异常信息到SD卡中
dumpExceptionToSDCard(ex);
//这里可以通过网络上传异常信息到服务器，便于开发人员分析日志从而解决bug
uploadExceptionToServer();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ex.printStackTrace();
//如果系统提供了默认的异常处理器，则交给系统去结束我们的程序，否则就由我们自己结束自己
if (mDefaultCrashHandler != null) {
mDefaultCrashHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);
} else {
Process.killProcess(Process.myPid());
}
}
/**
* 将异常信息存到SD卡中
* @param ex
* @throws IOException
*/
private void dumpExceptionToSDCard(Throwable ex) throws IOException {
//如果SD卡不存在或无法使用，则无法把异常信息写入SD卡
if (!Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
if (DEBUG) {
Log.w(TAG, "sdcard unmounted,skip dump exception");
return;
}
}
File dir = new File(PATH);
if (!dir.exists()) {
dir.mkdirs();
}
long current = System.currentTimeMillis();
String time = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date(current));
File file = new File(PATH + FILE_NAME_PERFIX + time + FILE_NAME_SUFFIX);
try {
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file)));
pw.println(time);
dumpPhoneInfo(pw);
pw.println();
ex.printStackTrace(pw);
pw.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, "dump crash info failed");
}
}
/**
* 记录手机对应的 信息
* @param pw
* @throws NameNotFoundException
*/
private void dumpPhoneInfo(PrintWriter pw) throws NameNotFoundException {
PackageManager pm = mContext.getPackageManager();
PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(mContext.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
pw.print("App Version: ");
pw.print(pi.versionName);
pw.print('_');
pw.println(pi.versionCode);
//android版本号
pw.print("OS Version: ");
pw.print(Build.VERSION.RELEASE);
pw.print("_");
pw.println(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT);
//手机制造商
pw.print("Vendor: ");
pw.println(Build.MANUFACTURER);
//手机型号
pw.print("Model: ");
pw.println(Build.MODEL);
//cpu架构
pw.print("CPU ABI: ");
pw.println(Build.CPU_ABI);
}
private void uploadExceptionToServer() {
//TODO 将异常信息上传至服务器
}
}
2. 在Application初始化的时候，为线程设置CrashHandler
package com.czlaite.application;
import com.czlaite.utils.CrashHandler;
import android.app.Application;
import android.content.Context;
public class MyApplication extends Application{
public static Context context;
public static Context getContext(){
return context;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
context = getApplicationContext();
//为应用设置异常处理器
CrashHandler crashHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance();
crashHandler.init(context);
}
}
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