前言
本文基于elasticsearch7.3.0版本
本文内容如下
create
当我们索引一个文档，怎么确认我们正在创建一个完全新的文档，而不是覆盖现有的呢？
使用create
不指定文档id–create
# 请求
POST my_index/_doc
{
"tag":"不指定id"
}
# 响应
{
"_index" : "my_index",
"_type" : "_doc",
// 每次返回的id不一样
"_id" : "XxB2sW8B0oo5OtBYmEWT",
"_version" : 1,
// 这里表明是create
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 1,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
指定文档id,不指定版本号,文档不存在–create
通过op_type=create指定操作类型
# 请求
POST my_index/_doc/3?op_type=create
{
"tag":"指定id"
}
# 上面请求等价于
POST my_index/_doc/3/_create
{
"tag":"指定id"
}
# 响应
{
"_index" : "my_index",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 7,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
指定文档id,不指定版本号,文档存在–报错
# 请求
POST my_index/_doc/3?op_type=create
{
"tag":"指定id"
}
# 响应
{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "version_conflict_engine_exception",
"reason": "[3]: version conflict, document already exists (current version [1])",
"index_uuid": "clHAdrqBS1Ku-wM1d3ebOg",
"shard": "0",
"index": "my_index"
}
],
"type": "version_conflict_engine_exception",
"reason": "[3]: version conflict, document already exists (current version [1])",
"index_uuid": "clHAdrqBS1Ku-wM1d3ebOg",
"shard": "0",
"index": "my_index"
},
"status": 409
}
指定文档id,指定版本号–报错
注意:create操作只支持内部版本控制,需要使用外部指定版本,请使用index
- op_type:操作类型
- version:外部指定版本号
- version_type:外部版本号校验类型,有两种:external(默认,外部版本号必须要大于内部版本号),external_gte(外部版本号大于等于内部版本号)
# 请求
POST my_index/_doc/3?op_type=create&version=2&version_type=external_gte
{
"tag":"指定id"
}
# 响应
{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "action_request_validation_exception",
"reason": "Validation Failed: 1: create operations only support internal versioning. use index instead;"
}
],
"type": "action_request_validation_exception",
"reason": "Validation Failed: 1: create operations only support internal versioning. use index instead;"
},
"status": 400
}
index
不指定文档id–create
# 请求
POST my_index/_doc
{
"tag":"不指定id"
}
# 响应
{
"_index" : "my_index",
"_type" : "_doc",
// 每次返回的id不一样
"_id" : "XxB2sW8B0oo5OtBYmEWT",
"_version" : 1,
// 这里表明是create
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 1,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
指定文档id,不指定版本号,文档不存在–create
POST my_index/_doc/1
{
"tag":"指定id"
}
# 响应
{
"_index" : "my_index",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 2,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
指定文档id,不指定版本号,文档存在–update
POST my_index/_doc/1
{
"tag":"指定id"
}
# 响应
{
"_index" : "my_index",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 2,
"result" : "updated",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 3,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
指定文档id,指定版本号,文档不存在–create
POST my_index/_doc/2?op_type=index&version=2&version_type=external
{
"tag":"指定id,指定外部版本号"
}
# 响应
{
"_index" : "my_index",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_version" : 2,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 4,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
指定文档id,指定版本号,文档存在–校验外部版本号
POST my_index/_doc/2?op_type=index&version=3&version_type=external
{
"tag":"指定id,指定外部版本号"
}
# 校验通过
{
"_index" : "my_index",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_version" : 2,
"result" : "updated",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 5,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
# 校验不通过
{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "version_conflict_engine_exception",
"reason": "[2]: version conflict, current version [2] is higher or equal to the one provided [2]",
"index_uuid": "clHAdrqBS1Ku-wM1d3ebOg",
"shard": "0",
"index": "my_index"
}
],
"type": "version_conflict_engine_exception",
"reason": "[2]: version conflict, current version [2] is higher or equal to the one provided [2]",
"index_uuid": "clHAdrqBS1Ku-wM1d3ebOg",
"shard": "0",
"index": "my_index"
},
"status": 409
}
update
在elasticsearch中文档是不可修改的，但是可以通过其它方式来实现文档的更新
内部原理: 删除旧文档，索引新文档
在内部，ElasticSearch已将旧文档标记为已删除，并增加一个全新的文档.尽管你不能再对旧版本的文档进行访问，但它并不会立即消失.当继续索引更多的数据，ElasticSearch会在后台清理这些已删除文档.
整体更新
# 整体更新
POST my_index/_doc/3
{
"tag":"整体更新",
"desc":"新增的字段"
}
# 查询
GET my_index/_doc/3
# 响应
{
"_index" : "my_index",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_version" : 4,
"_seq_no" : 10,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"tag" : "整体更新",
"desc" : "新增的字段"
}
}
部分更新
# 部分更新,使用doc
POST my_index/_update/3
{
"doc": {
"desc":"部分更新"
}
}
# 查询
GET my_index/_doc/3
# 响应
{
"_index" : "my_index",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_version" : 5,
"_seq_no" : 11,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"tag" : "整体更新",
"desc" : "部分更新"
}
}