安装依赖库的容易与否很多时候看个人运气，有些时候简单的pip install xx或apt-get install xx就能成功，而有些时候则是掉入深坑死活不成，还各种报错，我这次就是掉入了一个深坑，折腾了一天，网上各种找解决方法，还好最终爬出来了。。。如果我的方法对你有用，麻烦点个赞哈，谢谢
安装环境：
pip version：19.3.1
python version：3.7.4
cmake version：3.15.3
gcc version：5.5.0
OS version：ubuntu16.04安装方法：
pip install dlib==19.17.0我这里用的是19.17.0版本，你也可以用最新的19.18.0版本，尽量用新一点的版本，因为不管你用的python3.5、3.6还是3.7新版本
都能用，千万别用19.7.0之前的。
如果你运气好通过上面的一行命令就已经可以安装成功了，如果你像我一样报了如下错误，则使用下面的命令即可解决（解决方法从dlib官网找到的:http://dlib.net/compile.html）
sudo apt-get install libx11-dev错误如下：
20171010
Collecting dlib==19.17.0
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/05/57/e8a8caa3c89a27f80bc78da39c423e2553f482a3705adc619176a3a24b36/dlib-19.17.0.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: dlib
Building wheel for dlib (setup.py) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-t7og5x5w --python-tag cp37
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/
Complete output (76 lines):
20171010
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
package init file 'dlib/__init__.py' not found (or not a regular file)
running build_ext
Building extension for Python 3.7.4 (default, Aug 9 2019, 18:51:30)
Invoking CMake setup: 'cmake /tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/tools/python -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/bin/python -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release'
CMake Warning (dev) in CMakeLists.txt:
No project() command is present. The top-level CMakeLists.txt file must
contain a literal, direct call to the project() command. Add a line of
code such as
project(ProjectName)
near the top of the file, but after cmake_minimum_required().
CMake is pretending there is a "project(Project)" command on the first
line.
This warning is for project developers. Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 5.5.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 5.5.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Found PythonInterp: /home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/bin/python (found version "3.7.4")
CMake Error at /tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/dlib/external/pybind11/tools/FindPythonLibsNew.cmake:122 (message):
Python config failure: Python is 0-bit, chosen compiler is 64-bit
Call Stack (most recent call first):
/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/dlib/external/pybind11/tools/pybind11Tools.cmake:16 (find_package)
/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/dlib/external/pybind11/CMakeLists.txt:33 (include)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py", line 261, in <module>
'Topic :: Software Development',
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 145, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 192, in run
self.run_command('build')
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
self.run_command(cmd_name)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py", line 135, in run
self.build_extension(ext)
File "/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py", line 172, in build_extension
subprocess.check_call(cmake_setup, cwd=build_folder)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/subprocess.py", line 347, in check_call
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cmake', '/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/tools/python', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7', '-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/bin/python', '-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for dlib
Running setup.py clean for dlib
Failed to build dlib
Installing collected packages: dlib
Running setup.py install for dlib ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-4j1ykojr/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/
Complete output (78 lines):
20171010
running install
running build
running build_py
package init file 'dlib/__init__.py' not found (or not a regular file)
running build_ext
Building extension for Python 3.7.4 (default, Aug 9 2019, 18:51:30)
Invoking CMake setup: 'cmake /tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/tools/python -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7 -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/bin/python -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release'
CMake Warning (dev) in CMakeLists.txt:
No project() command is present. The top-level CMakeLists.txt file must
contain a literal, direct call to the project() command. Add a line of
code such as
project(ProjectName)
near the top of the file, but after cmake_minimum_required().
CMake is pretending there is a "project(Project)" command on the first
line.
This warning is for project developers. Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 5.5.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 5.5.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Found PythonInterp: /home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/bin/python (found version "3.7.4")
CMake Error at /tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/dlib/external/pybind11/tools/FindPythonLibsNew.cmake:122 (message):
Python config failure: Python is 0-bit, chosen compiler is 64-bit
Call Stack (most recent call first):
/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/dlib/external/pybind11/tools/pybind11Tools.cmake:16 (find_package)
/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/dlib/external/pybind11/CMakeLists.txt:33 (include)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py", line 261, in <module>
'Topic :: Software Development',
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 145, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 61, in run
return orig.install.run(self)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/install.py", line 545, in run
self.run_command('build')
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
self.run_command(cmd_name)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py", line 135, in run
self.build_extension(ext)
File "/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py", line 172, in build_extension
subprocess.check_call(cmake_setup, cwd=build_folder)
File "/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/lib/python3.7/subprocess.py", line 347, in check_call
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cmake', '/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/tools/python', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7', '-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/bin/python', '-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /home/ailab/anaconda3/envs/py35/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-wx78xd9i/dlib/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-4j1ykojr/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.
另外，如果你使用python setup.py install安装时报了跟上面类似的错误时也可以用上面的解决方法解决。具体报错见下面这个链接吧，贴出来就有点长了
https://github.com/davisking/dlib/issues/1903
这个issue本来是我想问dlib代码管理者的，结果自己解决了，就在后面贴了个解决方法。