# 第一步:准备请求的相关数据
# 接口地址 url = "http://api.lemonban.com/futureloan/member/register" # 第二部， 准备请求的参数 data = { "mobile_phone": "18189098765", "pwd": "lemonban" } # 第三部 添加请求头 headers = { "X-Lemonban-Media-Type":"lemonban.v1" } # 第四部 发送请求，获得相应内容 # 发送请求 response = requests.post(url=url, json=data,headers=headers) # 打印返回内容 print(response.text) # 打印请求头内容 print(response.request.headers) """ # 默认的请求头 {'User-Agent': 'python-requests/2.21.0', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'Accept': '*/*', 'Connection': 'keep-alive', 'Content-Length': '50', 'Content-Type': 'application/json'} # 自己添加过X-Lemonban-Media-Type字段的请求头 {'User-Agent': 'python-requests/2.21.0', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'Accept': '*/*', 'Connection': 'keep-alive', 'X-Lemonban-Media-Type': 'lemonban.v1', 'Content-Length': '50', 'Content-Type': 'application/json'} """
requests 模块处理各种请求
# --------------------------post请求----------------------
url = "http://httpbin.org/post" data = {"phone":"15567899876","pwd":"lemonban"} # 发送请求 # 参数类型为："Content-Type": "application/json"，发送请求的时候，使用json来传递参数 # response = requests.post(url=url,json=data) # 参数类型为：Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded，使用data来进行传递 response = requests.post(url=url,data=data) # 文件上传怎么传递参数： # 文件上传接口的参数类型为："Content-Type": "multipart/form-data;文件应该使用files这个参数来进行传递 # data = {"phone":"15567899876","pwd":"lemonban"} # file = { # "pic": ("bj01.png", open(r"C:\Users\MuSen\Desktop\page\image\ico.png", "rb"), "image/png") # } # # response = requests.post(url=url, files=file,data=data) # 获取返回数据 print(response.text)
# ----------------------------get请求-----------------------------------
# get请求的参数：查询字符串参数 # 处理方式一：放到url地址后面 # url = "http://httpbin.org/get?name=musen&age=18" # 处理方式二：使用params来进行传递 # url1 = "http://httpbin.org/get" # data = { # "name":"musen", # "age":18 # } # response = requests.get(url=url1,params=data) # print(response.text)
requests 请求返回数据提取
# 第一步:准备请求的相关数据
# 接口地址 url = "http://api.lemonban.com/futureloan/member/login" # 请求的参数 data = { "mobile_phone": "18189098765", "pwd": "lemonban" } # 请求头 headers = { "X-Lemonban-Media-Type": "lemonban.v1" } # 发送请求 response = requests.post(url=url, json=data, headers=headers) # 打印返回内容 # text属性： # res1 = response.text # print(res1,type(res1)) # # 错误示范 # res2 = eval(res1) # print(res2,type(res2)) # json方法：将字符串中的json类型数据转换为对应的python值 # 使用json方法的前提：返回数据必须是json格式的 # res3 = response.json() # print(res3, type(res3)) # content属性 # res5 = response.content.decode("utf8") # print(res5, type(res5))
关于请求内容获取和文件下载
import requests
# res = requests.get(url="http://www.lemonban.com/") # 自动识别内容的编码方式，有可能识别不准确出现乱码 # print(res.text) # 手动自动编码方式，对页面内容进行解码 # print(res.content.decode("utf-8")) # 文件下载 res = requests.get(url="http://www.lemonban.com/images/upload/image/20190219/1550554131699.jpg") print(res.content) with open("lemon.png","wb") as f: f.write(res.content)
提取请求返回的数据
import jsonpath
res = {'code': 0, 'msg': 'OK', 'data': {'id': 7800007, 'leave_amount': 0.0, 'mobile_phone': '18189098765', 'reg_name': 'xxx', 'reg_time': '2020-03-21 09:49:27.0', 'type': 1, 'token_info': {'token_type': 'Bearer', 'expires_in': '2020-03-21 11:16:59', 'token': 'eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJtZW1iZXJfaWQiOjc4MDAwMDcsImV4cCI6MTU4NDc2MDYxOX0.-zjbWEbXF9qdfvW1Wn0640HZnv3Xkdrx0nDedRTcsgk_URgU185yA-e2SjQUvVfsjA-FpJSKSOF4jjB-Jyv47A'}}, 'data1': {'id': 7800007, 'leave_amount': 0.0, 'mobile_phone': '18189098765', 'reg_name': 'xxx', 'reg_time': '2020-03-21 09:49:27.0', 'type': 1, 'token_info': {'token_type': 'Bearer', 'expires_in': '2020-03-21 11:16:59', 'token': 'eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJtZW1iZXJfaWQiOjc4MDAwMDcsImV4cCI6MTU4NDc2MDYxOX0.-zjbWEbXF9qdfvW1Wn0640HZnv3Xkdrx0nDedRTcsgk_URgU185yA-e2SjQUvVfsjA-FpJSKSOF4jjB-Jyv47A'}}, 'copyright': 'Copyright xxx © 2017-2019 xxxxx All Rights Reserved'} # 使用字典的键值对 提取方式去提取 # # 提取用户的id # member_id = res["data"]["id"] # print(member_id) # # # 提取token值 # token = res["data"]["token_info"]["token"] # print(token) # 使用jsonpath来提取 member_id = jsonpath.jsonpath(res, "$.data..id")[0] print(member_id,type(member_id)) token = jsonpath.jsonpath(res, "$.data1..token")[0] print(token) """ . 代表直接子节点 .. 代表子孙节点（不管层级） """