运行Docker容器的命令：docker run == docker create + docker start
查看容器
docker ps：查看正在运行的容器
docker ps -a：查看已经创建的容器
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2f2bb2e87136 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 24 seconds ago Up 22 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp thirsty_montalcini
[root@docker01 ~]#
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2f2bb2e87136 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 30 seconds ago Up 29 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp thirsty_montalcini
2f7c755645e6 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" About a minute ago Created kind_joliot
efe791c12bb9 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 18 hours ago Exited (0) 17 hours ago youthful_mccarthy
c57ccf765ec7 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 19 hours ago Created trusting_lumiere
[root@docker01 ~]#
停止容器
docker stop container_id
docker container stop container_id （等效）
[root@docker01 ~]# docker stop 2f2bb2e87136
2f2bb2e87136
[root@docker01 ~]#
KILL容器
docker kill container_id/container_name
docker container kill container_id/container_name（等效）
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
33f8577ba02e nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 15 seconds ago Up 13 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp xenodochial_boyd
[root@docker01 ~]# ^C
[root@docker01 ~]# docker kill 33f8577ba02e
33f8577ba02e
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@docker01 ~]#
删除容器
可以删除多个： docker rm container_id1 container_id2 container_id3
批量删除容器：docker rm -f docker ps -a -q
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
33f8577ba02e nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 minutes ago Exited (137) 4 minutes ago xenodochial_boyd
2f2bb2e87136 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 hours ago Exited (0) 6 minutes ago thirsty_montalcini
2f7c755645e6 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 hours ago Created kind_joliot
efe791c12bb9 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 22 hours ago Exited (0) 20 hours ago youthful_mccarthy
c57ccf765ec7 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 22 hours ago Created trusting_lumiere
[root@docker01 ~]# docker rm 33f8577ba02e 2f2bb2e87136
33f8577ba02e
2f2bb2e87136
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2f7c755645e6 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 hours ago Created kind_joliot
efe791c12bb9 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 22 hours ago Exited (0) 20 hours ago youthful_mccarthy
c57ccf765ec7 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 22 hours ago Created
[root@docker01 ~]# docker rm `docker ps -a -q`
2f7c755645e6
efe791c12bb9
c57ccf765ec7
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@docker01 ~]#
查看容器命令
查看其他命令：docker container
[root@docker01 ~]# docker container
Usage: docker container COMMAND
Manage containers
Commands:
attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
create Create a new container
diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
exec Run a command in a running container
export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
inspect Display detailed information on one or more containers
kill Kill one or more running containers
logs Fetch the logs of a container
ls List containers
pause Pause all processes within one or more containers
port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
prune Remove all stopped containers
rename Rename a container
restart Restart one or more containers
rm Remove one or more containers
run Run a command in a new container
start Start one or more stopped containers
stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
stop Stop one or more running containers
top Display the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers
update Update configuration of one or more containers
wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes
Run 'docker container COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
[root@docker01 ~]#
容器运行命令扩展
docker run == docker create + docker start
创建容器：docker container create nginx:latest
启动容器： docker container start container_id
[root@docker01 ~]# docker container create nginx:latest
6cea7211b48456a29e89139c802a08e3a40cdabb9d278deb08f8e7915f43a3ba
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6cea7211b484 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 6 seconds ago Created lucid_sanderson
[root@docker01 ~]# docker start 6cea7211b484
6cea7211b484
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6cea7211b484 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 47 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 80/tcp lucid_sanderson
[root@docker01 ~]# docker run -d nginx:latest
8a3657a09f00e8b36f6e42c3e6860e7b7a2255da380fcb4d846a3b79f2462606
root@docker01 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8a3657a09f00 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 36 seconds ago Up 36 seconds 80/tcp distracted_cartwright
6cea7211b484 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 80/tcp lucid_sanderson
[root@docker01 ~]#
Docker容器的核心理念
Docker的本质是： 在隔离的环境运行的一个进程 所以：docker容器内的第一个进程必须一直处于前台运行的状态（必须夯住），否则这个容器，就会处于退出状态！
正常情况下： docker run -d centos:6.8 是无法让centos在后台运行，能夯住的命令：tail -f /-F
[root@docker01 ~]# docker run -d centos:6.8
a374f287482a063ced2831335bbeec9034524bc651d978037359c5b9fa537389
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a374f287482a centos:6.8 "/bin/bash" 3 seconds ago Exited (0) 2 seconds ago wonderful_feistel
[root@docker01 ~]# docker run -d centos:6.8 tail -F /var/log.txt
d52b42604011a90b516fc3313c4ad331f918eb69c0c79f7a031d908baeba3f2a
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d52b42604011 centos:6.8 "tail -F /var/log.txt" 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds competent_galileo
总结
本篇文章讲述了Docker容器的日常管理，由于纯手打，难免会有纰漏，如果发现错误的地方，请第一时间告诉我，这将是我进步的一个很重要的环节。