redis群集介绍
- redis群集有三种模式,分别是主从同步/复制、哨兵模式、Cluster,下面会讲解一下三种模式的工作方式,以及如何搭建Cluster群集
- 通过持久化功能,redis保证了即使在服务器重启的情况下也不会丢失(或少量丢失)数据,因为持久化会把内存中的数据保存到硬盘上,重启会从硬盘上加载数据,但是由于数据是存储在一台服务器上的,如果这台服务器出现硬盘故障等问题,也会导致数据丢失。为了避免单点故障,通常的做法是将数据库复制多个副本以部署在不同的服务器上,这样即使有一台服务器出现故障,其他服务器依然可以继续提供服务,为此,redis提供了复制(replication)功能,可以实现当一台数据库中的数据更新后,自动将更新的数据同步到其他数据库上。
- 在复制的概念中,数据库分为两类,一类是主数据库(master),另一类是从数据(slave)。主数据可以进行读写操作,当写操作导致数据变化时会自动将数据同步给从数据库,而从数据库一般是只读的,并接受主数据同步过来的数据。一个主数据库可以拥有多个从数据库,而一个从数据库只能拥有一个主数据库
主从复制:
- 优势:支持主从复制,主机会自动将数据同步到从机,可以进行读写分离;为了分载master的读操作压力,slave服务器可以为客户端提供只读操作的服务,写服务仍然必须由master来完成;slave同样可以接受其他slaves的连接和同步请求,这样可以有效的分载master的同步压力;master server是以非阻塞的方式为slaves提供服务,所以在master-slave同步期间,客户端仍然可以提交查询或者修改请求;slave server同样是以非阻塞的方式完成数据同步,在数据同步期间,如果有客户端提交查询请求,redis则返回同步之前的数据。
- 缺点:redis不具备自动容错和恢复功能,主机从机的宕机都会导致前端部分读写请求失败,需要等待机器重启或者手动切换前端的IP才能恢复;主机宕机,宕机前有部分数据未能及时同步到从机,切换ip后还会引入数据不一致的问题,降低了系统的可用性;如果多个Slave断线了,需要重启的时候,尽量不要在同一时间段重启,因为只要slave重启,就会发送sync请求和主机全量同步;redis较难支持在线扩容,在集群容量达到上限时在线扩容会变得很复杂
哨兵模式
- 第一种主从同步/复制模式,当主服务器宕机后,需要手动把一台从服务器切换为主服务器,这就需要人工干预,比较费事,还会造成一段时间内服务不可用。所以更多时候,我们优先考虑哨兵模式
- 哨兵模式是一种特殊的模式,首先redis提供了哨兵的命令,哨兵就是一个独立的进程,作为进程,它会独立运行。其原理是哨兵通过发送命令,等待redis服务响应,从而监控运行的多个redis实例
- 哨兵模式的作用:通过发送命令,redis服务器返回监控其运行状态,包括主服务器和从服务器;当哨兵检测到master宕机,会自动将slave切换成master,然后通过发布订阅模式通知其他的从服务,修改配置文件,让它们切换主机;
- 然而一个哨兵进程对redis服务器进行监控,也可能会出现问题,为此,我们可以使用多个哨兵进行监控。各个哨兵之间还会进行监控,这样就形成了多哨兵模式
- 故障切换的过程:假设主服务器宕机,哨兵1先检测到这个结果,系统并不会马上进行failover过程,仅仅是哨兵1主观的认为主服务器不可用,这个现象称为主观下线,当后面的哨兵也检测到主服务器不可用,并且数量达到一定值时,那么哨兵之间会进行一次投票,投票的结果由一个哨兵发起,进行failover操作。切换成功后,就会通过发布订阅模式,让各个哨兵把自己监控的从服务器实现切换主机,这个过程称为客观下线。这样对于客户端而言,一切都是透明的
- 哨兵模式的优势:哨兵模式是基于主从模式的,所有主从模式的优点,哨兵模式都具有;主从可以自动切换,系统更健壮,可用性更高
- 哨兵模式的缺点:redis比较难支持在线扩容,在群集容量达到上限时在线扩容会变得很复杂
Cluster群集
- redis的哨兵模式基本已经可以实现高可用、读写分离,但是在这种模式每台redis服务器都存储相同的数据,很浪费内存资源,所以在redis3.0上加入了Cluster群集模式,实现了redis的分布式存储,也就是说每台redis节点存储着不同的内容
- 根据官方推荐,集群部署至少要3台以上的master节点,最好使用3主3从六个节点的模式。
- Cluster群集由多个redis服务器组成的分布式网络服务群集,群集之中有多个master主节点,每一个主节点都可读可写,节点之间会相互通信,两两相连,redis群集无中心节点
实验:安装两台redis服务,一共6个节点,每台服务配置3个网卡模拟6个服务器节点
//安装环境依赖包
yum install gcc gcc-c++ make -y
//解压缩包
tar zxvf redis-5.0.7.tar -C /opt/
//编译安装
make
make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis/ install
//执行脚本配置redis数据库
cd /opt/redis-5.0.7/utils/
./install_server.sh
一直回车-----path时添加
/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
//主配置文件在
/etc/redis
/建立软连接便于系统识别命令文件
ln -s /usr/local/redis/bin/* /usr/local/bin
//查看服务是否开启
netstat -ntap | grep 6379
//关闭服务
/etc/init.d/redis.6379 stop
//开启服务
/etc/init.d/redis.6379 start
//修改主配置文件,群集服务器节点都要更改
vim /etc/6379.conf
注释掉bind项 //redis中bind 选项默认监听所有网卡
89/ protected mode no //关闭保护模式
93/ port 6379
137/ daemonize yes //以独立进程启动
833/ cluster-enabled yes //开启群集功能
841/ cluster-config-file nodes-6379. conf //开启群集名称文件设置
847/ cluster-node-timeout 15000 //开启群集超时时间设置
700/ appendonly yes //开启aof持久化
//重启服务
/etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart
//重启后会生成一个在/var/lib/redis/6379/
一个是appendonly.aof 文件
nodes-6379.conf //节点配置文件
dump.rdb 文件
主服务master配置:
//导入key文件
gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3
//安装rvm
curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
- //访问:https://get.rvm.io复制脚本文件
#!/usr/bin/env bash
shopt -s extglob
set -o errtrace
set -o errexit
set -o pipefail
rvm_install_initialize()
{
DEFAULT_SOURCES=(github.com/rvm/rvm bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm)
BASH_MIN_VERSION="3.2.25"
if
[[ -n "${BASH_VERSION:-}" &&
"$(\printf "%b" "${BASH_VERSION:-}\n${BASH_MIN_VERSION}\n" | LC_ALL=C \sort -t"." -k1,1n -k2,2n -k3,3n | \head -n1)" != "${BASH_MIN_VERSION}"
]]
then
echo "BASH ${BASH_MIN_VERSION} required (you have $BASH_VERSION)"
exit 1
fi
export HOME PS4
export rvm_trace_flag rvm_debug_flag rvm_user_install_flag rvm_ignore_rvmrc rvm_prefix rvm_path
PS4="+ \${BASH_SOURCE##\${rvm_path:-}} : \${FUNCNAME[0]:+\${FUNCNAME[0]}()} \${LINENO} > "
}
log() { printf "%b\n" "$*"; }
debug(){ [[ ${rvm_debug_flag:-0} -eq 0 ]] || printf "%b\n" "$*" >&2; }
warn() { log "WARN: $*" >&2 ; }
fail() { fail_with_code 1 "$*" ; }
fail_with_code() { code="$1" ; shift ; log "\nERROR: $*\n" >&2 ; exit "$code" ; }
rvm_install_commands_setup()
{
\which which >/dev/null 2>&1 || fail "Could not find 'which' command, make sure it's available first before continuing installation."
\which grep >/dev/null 2>&1 || fail "Could not find 'grep' command, make sure it's available first before continuing installation."
if
[[ -z "${rvm_tar_command:-}" ]] && builtin command -v gtar >/dev/null
then
rvm_tar_command=gtar
elif
${rvm_tar_command:-tar} --help 2>&1 | GREP_OPTIONS="" \grep -- --strip-components >/dev/null
then
rvm_tar_command="${rvm_tar_command:-tar}"
else
case "$(uname)" in
(OpenBSD)
log "Trying to install GNU version of tar, might require sudo password"
if (( UID ))
then sudo pkg_add -z gtar-1
else pkg_add -z gtar-1
fi
rvm_tar_command=gtar
;;
(Darwin|FreeBSD|DragonFly) # it's not possible to autodetect on OSX, the help/man does not mention all flags
rvm_tar_command=tar
;;
(SunOS)
case "$(uname -r)" in
(5.10)
log "Trying to install GNU version of tar, might require sudo password"
if (( UID ))
then
if \which sudo >/dev/null 2>&1
then sudo_10=sudo
elif \which /opt/csw/bin/sudo >/dev/null 2>&1
then sudo_10=/opt/csw/bin/sudo
else fail "sudo is required but not found. You may install sudo from OpenCSW repository (https://www.opencsw.org/about)"
fi
pkginfo -q CSWpkgutil || $sudo_10 pkgadd -a $rvm_path/config/solaris/noask -d https://get.opencsw.org/now CSWpkgutil
sudo /opt/csw/bin/pkgutil -iy CSWgtar -t https://mirror.opencsw.org/opencsw/unstable
else
pkginfo -q CSWpkgutil || pkgadd -a $rvm_path/config/solaris/noask -d https://get.opencsw.org/now CSWpkgutil
/opt/csw/bin/pkgutil -iy CSWgtar -t https://mirror.opencsw.org/opencsw/unstable
fi
rvm_tar_command=/opt/csw/bin/gtar
;;
(*)
rvm_tar_command=tar
;;
esac
esac
builtin command -v ${rvm_tar_command:-gtar} >/dev/null ||
fail "Could not find GNU compatible version of 'tar' command, make sure it's available first before continuing installation."
fi
if
[[ " ${rvm_tar_options:-} " != *" --no-same-owner "* ]] &&
$rvm_tar_command --help 2>&1 | GREP_OPTIONS="" \grep -- --no-same-owner >/dev/null
then
rvm_tar_options="${rvm_tar_options:-}${rvm_tar_options:+ }--no-same-owner"
fi
}
usage()
{
printf "%b" "
Usage
rvm-installer [options] [action]
Options
[[--]version] <version>
The version or tag to install. Valid values are:
latest - The latest tagged version.
latest-minor - The latest minor version of the current major version.
latest-<x> - The latest minor version of version x.
latest-<x>.<y> - The latest patch version of version x.y.
<x>.<y>.<z> - Major version x, minor version y and patch z.
[--]branch <branch>
The name of the branch from which RVM is installed. This option can be used
with the following formats for <branch>:
<account>/
If account is rvm or mpapis, installs from one of the following:
https://github.com/rvm/rvm/archive/master.tar.gz
https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/get/master.tar.gz
Otherwise, installs from:
https://github.com/<account>/rvm/archive/master.tar.gz
<account>/<branch>
If account is rvm or mpapis, installs from one of the following:
https://github.com/rvm/rvm/archive/<branch>.tar.gz
https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/get/<branch>.tar.gz
Otherwise, installs from:
https://github.com/<account>/rvm/archive/<branch>.tar.gz
[/]<branch>
Installs the branch from one of the following:
https://github.com/rvm/rvm/archive/<branch>.tar.gz
https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/get/<branch>.tar.gz
[--]source <source>
Defines the repository from which RVM is retrieved and installed in the format:
<domain>/<account>/<repo>
Where:
<domain> - Is bitbucket.org, github.com or a github enterprise site serving
an RVM repository.
<account> - Is the user account in which the RVM repository resides.
<repo> - Is the name of the RVM repository.
Note that when using the [--]source option, one should only use the [/]branch format
with the [--]branch option. Failure to do so will result in undefined behavior.
--trace
Provides debug logging for the installation script.
Actions
master - Installs RVM from the master branch at rvm/rvm on github or mpapis/rvm
on bitbucket.org.
stable - Installs RVM from the stable branch a rvm/rvm on github or mpapis/rvm
on bitbucket.org.
help - Displays this output.
"
}
## duplication marker 32fosjfjsznkjneuera48jae
__rvm_curl_output_control()
{
if
(( ${rvm_quiet_curl_flag:-0} == 1 ))
then
__flags+=( "--silent" "--show-error" )
elif
[[ " $*" == *" -s"* || " $*" == *" --silent"* ]]
then
# make sure --show-error is used with --silent
[[ " $*" == *" -S"* || " $*" == *" -sS"* || " $*" == *" --show-error"* ]] ||
{
__flags+=( "--show-error" )
}
fi
}
## duplication marker 32fosjfjsznkjneuera48jae
# -S is automatically added to -s
__rvm_curl()
(
__rvm_which curl >/dev/null ||
{
rvm_error "RVM requires 'curl'. Install 'curl' first and try again."
return 200
}
typeset -a __flags
__flags=( --fail --location --max-redirs 10 )
[[ "$*" == *"--max-time"* ]] ||
[[ "$*" == *"--connect-timeout"* ]] ||
__flags+=( --connect-timeout 30 --retry-delay 2 --retry 3 )
if [[ -n "${rvm_proxy:-}" ]]
then __flags+=( --proxy "${rvm_proxy:-}" )
fi
__rvm_curl_output_control
unset curl
__rvm_debug_command \curl "${__flags[@]}" "$@" || return $?
)
rvm_error() { printf "ERROR: %b\n" "$*"; }
__rvm_which(){ which "$@" || return $?; true; }
__rvm_debug_command()
{
debug "Running($#): $*"
"$@" || return $?
true
}
rvm_is_a_shell_function()
{
[[ -t 0 && -t 1 ]] || return $?
return ${rvm_is_not_a_shell_function:-0}
}
# Searches the tags for the highest available version matching a given pattern.
# fetch_version (github.com/rvm/rvm bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm) 1.10. -> 1.10.3
# fetch_version (github.com/rvm/rvm bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm) 1.10. -> 1.10.3
# fetch_version (github.com/rvm/rvm bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm) 1. -> 1.11.0
# fetch_version (github.com/rvm/rvm bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm) "" -> 2.0.1
fetch_version()
{
typeset _account _domain _pattern _repo _sources _values _version
_sources=(${!1})
_pattern=$2
for _source in "${_sources[@]}"
do
IFS='/' read -r _domain _account _repo <<< "${_source}"
_version="$(
fetch_versions ${_domain} ${_account} ${_repo} |
GREP_OPTIONS="" \grep "^${_pattern:-}" | tail -n 1
)"
if
[[ -n ${_version} ]]
then
echo "${_version}"
return 0
fi
done
fail_with_code 4 "Exhausted all sources trying to fetch version '$version' of RVM!"
}
# Returns a sorted list of most recent tags from a repository
fetch_versions()
{
typeset _account _domain _repo _url
_domain=$1
_account=$2
_repo=$3
case ${_domain} in
(bitbucket.org)
_url="https://api.${_domain}/2.0/repositories/${_account}/${_repo}/refs/tags?sort=-name&pagelen=20"
;;
(github.com)
_url=https://api.${_domain}/repos/${_account}/${_repo}/tags
;;
(*)
_url=https://${_domain}/api/v3/repos/${_account}/${_repo}/tags
;;
esac
{ __rvm_curl -sS "${_url}" || warn "...the preceeding error with code $? occurred while fetching $_url" ; } |
\awk -v RS=',|values":' -v FS='"' '$2=="name"&&$4!="rvm"{print $4}' |
sort -t. -k 1,1n -k 2,2n -k 3,3n -k 4,4n -k 5,5n
}
install_release()
{
typeset _source _sources _url _version _verify_pgp
_sources=(${!1})
_version=$2
debug "Downloading RVM version ${_version}"
for _source in "${_sources[@]}"
do
case ${_source} in
(bitbucket.org*)
_url="https://${_source}/get/${_version}.tar.gz"
_verify_pgp="https://${_source}/downloads/${_version}.tar.gz.asc"
;;
(*)
_url="https://${_source}/archive/${_version}.tar.gz"
_verify_pgp="https://${_source}/releases/download/${_version}/${_version}.tar.gz.asc"
;;
esac
get_and_unpack "${_url}" "rvm-${_version}.tgz" "$_verify_pgp" && return
done
return $?
}
install_head()
{
typeset _branch _source _sources _url
_sources=(${!1})
_branch=$2
debug "Selected RVM branch ${_branch}"
for _source in "${_sources[@]}"
do
case ${_source} in
(bitbucket.org*)
_url=https://${_source}/get/${_branch}.tar.gz
;;
(*)
_url=https://${_source}/archive/${_branch}.tar.gz
;;
esac
get_and_unpack "${_url}" "rvm-${_branch//\//_}.tgz" && return
done
return $?
}
# duplication marker dfkjdjngdfjngjcszncv
# Drop in cd which _doesn't_ respect cdpath
__rvm_cd()
{
typeset old_cdpath ret
ret=0
old_cdpath="${CDPATH}"
CDPATH="."
chpwd_functions="" builtin cd "$@" || ret=$?
CDPATH="${old_cdpath}"
return $ret
}
get_package()
{
typeset _url _file
_url="$1"
_file="$2"
log "Downloading ${_url}"
__rvm_curl -sS ${_url} > ${rvm_archives_path}/${_file} ||
{
_return=$?
case $_return in
# duplication marker lfdgzkngdkjvnfjknkjvcnbjkncvjxbn
(60)
log "
Could not download '${_url}', you can read more about it here:
https://rvm.io/support/fixing-broken-ssl-certificates/
To continue in insecure mode run 'echo insecure >> ~/.curlrc'.
"
;;
# duplication marker lfdgzkngdkjvnfjknkjvcnbjkncvjxbn
(77)
log "
It looks like you have old certificates, you can read more about it here:
https://rvm.io/support/fixing-broken-ssl-certificates/
"
;;
# duplication marker lfdgzkngdkjvnfjknkjvcnbjkncvjxbn
(141)
log "
Curl returned 141 - it is result of a segfault which means it's Curls fault.
Try again and if it crashes more than a couple of times you either need to
reinstall Curl or consult with your distribution manual and contact support.
"
;;
(*)
log "
Could not download '${_url}'.
curl returned status '$_return'.
"
;;
esac
return $_return
}
}
# duplication marker flnglfdjkngjndkfjhsbdjgfghdsgfklgg
rvm_install_gpg_setup()
{
export rvm_gpg_command
{
rvm_gpg_command="$( \which gpg2 2>/dev/null )" &&
[[ ${rvm_gpg_command} != "/cygdrive/"* ]]
} || {
rvm_gpg_command="$( \which gpg 2>/dev/null )" &&
[[ ${rvm_gpg_command} != "/cygdrive/"* ]]
} || rvm_gpg_command=""
debug "Detected GPG program: '$rvm_gpg_command'"
[[ -n "$rvm_gpg_command" ]] || return $?
}
# duplication marker rdjgndfnghdfnhgfdhbghdbfhgbfdhbn
verify_package_pgp()
{
if
"${rvm_gpg_command}" --verify "$2" "$1"
then
log "GPG verified '$1'"
else
typeset _return=$?
log "\
GPG signature verification failed for '$1' - '$3'! Try to install GPG v2 and then fetch the public key:
${SUDO_USER:+sudo }${rvm_gpg_command##*/} --keyserver hkp://pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB
or if it fails:
command curl -sSL https://rvm.io/mpapis.asc | ${SUDO_USER:+sudo }${rvm_gpg_command##*/} --import -
command curl -sSL https://rvm.io/pkuczynski.asc | ${SUDO_USER:+sudo }${rvm_gpg_command##*/} --import -
In case of further problems with validation please refer to https://rvm.io/rvm/security
"
exit ${_return}
fi
}
verify_pgp()
{
[[ -n "${1:-}" ]] ||
{
debug "No PGP url given, skipping."
return 0
}
get_package "$1" "$2.asc" ||
{
debug "PGP url given but does not exist: '$1'"
return 0
}
rvm_install_gpg_setup ||
{
log "Found PGP signature at: '$1',
but no GPG software exists to validate it, skipping."
return 0
}
verify_package_pgp "${rvm_archives_path}/$2" "${rvm_archives_path}/$2.asc" "$1"
}
get_and_unpack()
{
typeset _url _file _patern _return _verify_pgp
_url="$1"
_file="$2"
_verify_pgp="$3"
get_package "$_url" "$_file" || return $?
verify_pgp "$_verify_pgp" "$_file" || return $?
[[ -d "${rvm_src_path}/rvm" ]] || \mkdir -p "${rvm_src_path}/rvm"
__rvm_cd "${rvm_src_path}/rvm" ||
{
_return=$?
log "Could not change directory '${rvm_src_path}/rvm'."
return $_return
}
# Remove existing installation
typeset _cleanup_cmd
_cleanup_cmd="rm -rf ${rvm_src_path}/rvm/{,.[!.],..?}*"
$_cleanup_cmd || {
_return=$?
log "Could not remove old RVM sources. Try:\n\n\tsudo $_cleanup_cmd\n\nThen retry your task again."
return $_return
}
# Unpack sources
__rvm_debug_command $rvm_tar_command xzf ${rvm_archives_path}/${_file} ${rvm_tar_options:-} --strip-components 1 ||
{
_return=$?
log "Could not extract RVM sources."
return $_return
}
}
rvm_install_default_settings()
{
# Tracing, if asked for.
if
[[ "$*" == *--trace* ]] || (( ${rvm_trace_flag:-0} > 0 ))
then
set -o xtrace
rvm_trace_flag=1
fi
# Variable initialization, remove trailing slashes if they exist on HOME
true \
${rvm_trace_flag:=0} ${rvm_debug_flag:=0}\
${rvm_ignore_rvmrc:=0} HOME="${HOME%%+(\/)}"
if
(( rvm_ignore_rvmrc == 0 ))
then
for rvmrc in /etc/rvmrc "$HOME/.rvmrc"
do
if
[[ -s "$rvmrc" ]]
then
if
GREP_OPTIONS="" \grep '^\s*rvm .*$' "$rvmrc" >/dev/null 2>&1
then
printf "%b" "
Error: $rvmrc is for rvm settings only.
rvm CLI may NOT be called from within $rvmrc.
Skipping the loading of $rvmrc
"
exit 1
else
source "$rvmrc"
fi
fi
done
fi
if
[[ -z "${rvm_path:-}" ]]
then
if
(( UID == 0 ))
then
rvm_user_install_flag=0
rvm_prefix="/usr/local"
rvm_path="${rvm_prefix}/rvm"
else
rvm_user_install_flag=1
rvm_prefix="$HOME"
rvm_path="${rvm_prefix}/.rvm"
fi
fi
if [[ -z "${rvm_prefix}" ]]
then rvm_prefix=$( dirname $rvm_path )
fi
# duplication marker kkdfkgnjfndgjkndfjkgnkfjdgn
[[ -n "${rvm_user_install_flag:-}" ]] ||
case "$rvm_path" in
(/usr/local/rvm) rvm_user_install_flag=0 ;;
($HOME/*|/${USER// /_}*) rvm_user_install_flag=1 ;;
(*) rvm_user_install_flag=0 ;;
esac
}
rvm_install_parse_params()
{
install_rubies=()
install_gems=()
flags=( ./scripts/install )
forwarded_flags=()
while
(( $# > 0 ))
do
token="$1"
shift
case "$token" in
(--trace)
set -o xtrace
rvm_trace_flag=1
flags=( -x "${flags[@]}" "$token" )
forwarded_flags+=( "$token" )
;;
(--debug|--quiet-curl)
flags+=( "$token" )
forwarded_flags+=( "$token" )
token=${token#--}
token=${token//-/_}
export "rvm_${token}_flag"=1
printf "%b" "Turning on ${token/_/ } mode.\n"
;;
(--path)
if [[ -n "${1:-}" ]]
then
rvm_path="$1"
shift
else
fail "--path must be followed by a path."
fi
;;
(--branch|branch) # Install RVM from a given branch
if [[ -n "${1:-}" ]]
then
case "$1" in
(/*)
branch=${1#/}
;;
(*/)
branch=master
if [[ "${1%/}" -ne rvm ]] && [[ "${1%/}" -ne mpapis ]]
then sources=(github.com/${1%/}/rvm)
fi
;;
(*/*)
branch=${1#*/}
if [[ "${1%%/*}" -ne rvm ]] && [[ "${1%%/*}" -ne mpapis ]]
then sources=(github.com/${1%%/*}/rvm)
fi
;;
(*)
branch="$1"
;;
esac
shift
else
fail "--branch must be followed by a branchname."
fi
;;
(--source|source)
if [[ -n "${1:-}" ]]
then
if [[ "$1" = */*/* ]]
then
sources=($1)
shift
else
fail "--source must be in the format <domain>/<account>/<repo>."
fi
else
fail "--source must be followed by a source."
fi
;;
(--user-install|--ignore-dotfiles)
token=${token#--}
token=${token//-/_}
export "rvm_${token}_flag"=1
printf "%b" "Turning on ${token/_/ } mode.\n"
;;
(--auto-dotfiles)
flags+=( "$token" )
export "rvm_auto_dotfiles_flag"=1
printf "%b" "Turning on auto dotfiles mode.\n"
;;
(--auto)
export "rvm_auto_dotfiles_flag"=1
printf "%b" "Warning, --auto is deprecated in favor of --auto-dotfiles.\n"
;;
(--verify-downloads)
if [[ -n "${1:-}" ]]
then
export rvm_verify_downloads_flag="$1"
forwarded_flags+=( "$token" "$1" )
shift
else
fail "--verify-downloads must be followed by level(0|1|2)."
fi
;;
(--autolibs=*)
flags+=( "$token" )
export rvm_autolibs_flag="${token#--autolibs=}"
forwarded_flags+=( "$token" )
;;
(--without-gems=*|--with-gems=*|--with-default-gems=*)
flags+=( "$token" )
value="${token#*=}"
token="${token%%=*}"
token="${token#--}"
token="${token//-/_}"
export "rvm_${token}"="${value}"
printf "%b" "Installing RVM ${token/_/ }: ${value}.\n"
;;
(--version|version)
version="$1"
shift
;;
(head|master)
version="head"
branch="master"
;;
(stable)
version="latest"
;;
(latest|latest-*|+([[:digit:]]).+([[:digit:]]).+([[:digit:]]))
version="$token"
;;
(--ruby)
install_rubies+=( ruby )
;;
(--ruby=*)
token=${token#--ruby=}
install_rubies+=( ${token//,/ } )
;;
(--rails)
install_gems+=( rails )
;;
(--gems=*)
token=${token#--gems=}
install_gems+=( ${token//,/ } )
;;
(--add-to-rvm-group)
export rvm_add_users_to_rvm_group="$1"
shift
;;
(help)
usage
exit 0
;;
(*)
usage
exit 1
;;
esac
done
if (( ${#install_gems[@]} > 0 && ${#install_rubies[@]} == 0 ))
then install_rubies=( ruby )
fi
true "${version:=head}"
true "${branch:=master}"
if [[ -z "${sources[@]}" ]]
then sources=("${DEFAULT_SOURCES[@]}")
fi
rvm_src_path="$rvm_path/src"
rvm_archives_path="$rvm_path/archives"
rvm_releases_url="https://rvm.io/releases"
}
rvm_install_validate_rvm_path()
{
case "$rvm_path" in
(*[[:space:]]*)
printf "%b" "
It looks you are one of the happy *space* users (in home dir name),
RVM is not yet fully ready for it, use this trick to fix it:
sudo mkdir -p /${USER// /_}.rvm
sudo chown -R \"$USER:\" /${USER// /_}.rvm
echo \"export rvm_path=/${USER// /_}.rvm\" >> \"$HOME/.rvmrc\"
and start installing again.
"
exit 2
;;
(/usr/share/ruby-rvm)
printf "%b" "
It looks you are one of the happy Ubuntu users,
RVM packaged by Ubuntu is old and broken,
follow this link for details how to fix:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/9056395/497756
"
[[ "${rvm_uses_broken_ubuntu_path:-no}" == "yes" ]] || exit 3
;;
esac
if [[ "$rvm_path" != "/"* ]]
then fail "The rvm install path must be fully qualified. Tried $rvm_path"
fi
}
rvm_install_validate_volume_mount_mode()
{
\typeset path partition test_exec
path=$rvm_path
# Directory $rvm_path might not exists at this point so we need to traverse the tree upwards
while [[ -n "$path" ]]
do
if [[ -d $path ]]
then
partition=`df -P $path | awk 'END{print $1}'`
test_exec=$(mktemp $path/rvm-exec-test.XXXXXX)
echo '#!/bin/sh' > "$test_exec"
chmod +x "$test_exec"
if ! "$test_exec"
then
rm -f "$test_exec"
printf "%b" "
It looks that scripts located in ${path}, which would be RVM destination ${rvm_path},
are not executable. One of the reasons might be that partition ${partition} holding this location
is mounted in *noexec* mode, which prevents RVM from working correctly. Please verify your setup
and re-mount partition ${partition} without the noexec option."
exit 2
fi
rm -f "$test_exec"
break
fi
path=${path%/*}
done
}
rvm_install_select_and_get_version()
{
typeset dir _version_release _version
for dir in "$rvm_src_path" "$rvm_archives_path"
do
[[ -d "$dir" ]] || mkdir -p "$dir"
done
_version_release="${version}"
case "${version}" in
(head)
_version_release="${branch}"
install_head sources[@] ${branch:-master}
;;
(latest)
_version=$(fetch_version sources[@])
install_release sources[@] "$_version"
;;
(latest-minor)
version="$(<"$rvm_path/VERSION")"
_version=$(fetch_version sources[@] ${version%.*})
install_release sources[@] "$_version"
;;
(latest-*)
_version=$(fetch_version sources[@] ${version#latest-})
install_release sources[@] "$_version"
;;
(+([[:digit:]]).+([[:digit:]]).+([[:digit:]])) # x.y.z
install_release sources[@] ${version}
;;
(*)
fail "Something went wrong, unrecognized version '$version'"
;;
esac
echo "${_version_release}" > "$rvm_path/RELEASE"
}
rvm_install_main()
{
[[ -f ./scripts/install ]] ||
{
log "'./scripts/install' can not be found for installation, something went wrong, it usually means your 'tar' is broken, please report it here: https://github.com/rvm/rvm/issues"
return 127
}
# required flag - path to install
flags+=( --path "$rvm_path" )
\command bash "${flags[@]}"
}
rvm_install_ruby_and_gems()
(
if
(( ${#install_rubies[@]} > 0 ))
then
source ${rvm_scripts_path:-${rvm_path}/scripts}/rvm
source ${rvm_scripts_path:-${rvm_path}/scripts}/functions/version
__rvm_print_headline
for _ruby in ${install_rubies[@]}
do command rvm "${forwarded_flags[@]}" install ${_ruby}
done
# set the first one as default, skip rest
for _ruby in ${install_rubies[@]}
do
rvm "${forwarded_flags[@]}" alias create default ${_ruby}
break
done
for _gem in ${install_gems[@]}
do rvm "${forwarded_flags[@]}" all do gem install ${_gem}
done
printf "%b" "
* To start using RVM you need to run \`source $rvm_path/scripts/rvm\`
in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.
"
if
[[ "${install_gems[*]}" == *"rails"* ]]
then
printf "%b" "
* To start using rails you need to run \`rails new <project_dir>\`.
"
fi
fi
)
rvm_install()
{
rvm_install_initialize
rvm_install_commands_setup
rvm_install_default_settings
rvm_install_parse_params "$@"
rvm_install_validate_rvm_path
rvm_install_validate_volume_mount_mode
rvm_install_select_and_get_version
rvm_install_main
rvm_install_ruby_and_gems
}
rvm_install "$@"
//执行复制的脚本文件,路径自定义(/opt)
chmod +x abc.sh
./abc.sh
//执行环境变量
source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh
//列出Ruby 可安装的版本
rvm list known
//安装Ruby2.4.1版本
rvm install 2.4.1
//使用Ruby.2.4.1版本
rvm use 2.4.1
[root@localhost opt]# rvm use 2.4.1
Using /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.1
//查看当前Ruby2.4.1版本
ruby -v
[root@localhost opt]# ruby -v
ruby 2.4.1p111 (2017-03-22 revision 58053) [x86_64-linux]
//再次安装Redis
gem install redis
创建集群,两台服务器各配置3个网卡,3主3从
角色 |
IP地址 |
master |
192.168.179.230 |
master |
192.168.179.147 |
master |
192.168.179.208 |
slave |
192.168.179.132 |
slave |
192.168.179.213 |
slave |
192.168.179.214 |
//重启redis服务
/etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart
//关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service
setenforce 0
//使用命令
redis-cli --cluster create 192.168.179.230:6379 192.168.179.147:6379 192.168.179.208:6379 192.168.179.132:6379 192.168.179.213:6379 192.168.179.214:6379 --cluster-replicas 1
群集创建成功后,会自动分配主服务器与从服务器,随机分配
//登录主数据库
redis-cli -h 192.168.179.230 -p 6379
//添加键
set name lisi
//查看键
keys *