C++ 学习之路 基本操作(二)

C++ 学习操作基本之路(二)

一、条件语句

1. if 类型

if 类型就如上次我提到的逻辑语句 Exp1 ? Exp2 : Exp3
如果我想通过年龄来推荐的书籍,根据少不读《水浒》,老不读《三国》,可以这么表达:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
	// 输入年龄
	int age;
	cout << "please input your age" << endl;
	cin >> age;
	if(age < 18) 
		cout << "we recommend you to read ***Romance of Three Kingdoms***" << endl;
	else
		cout << "We recommend you to read ***Water Margin***" << endl;
	return 0;
}

在这里 if 和 else 后面的花括号({})可以省略,因为只接一条语句,if 是可以hold 住的,但是如果后面有一大串就不行了。

如果我们嵌套 if 语句的话,再来男不读《西游》,女不读《红楼》,我们可以这么写

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
	// 输入年龄
	int age;
	string gender;
	cout << "please input your age and gender" << endl;
	cin >> age, gender;
	if(age < 18)
		if(gender == "female")
			cout << "we recommend you to read Romance of Three Kingdoms and Journey to the West" << endl;
		else
			cout << "we recommend you to read Romance of Three Kingdoms and Dreams of Red Chamber" << endl;
	else
		if(gender == "female")
			cout << "we recommend you to read Water Margin and Journey to the West" << endl;
		else
			cout << "we recommend you to read Red Margin and Dreams of Red Chamber" << endl;
	return 0;
}

这就是 if 函数的嵌套。

switch 类型

switch 主要表达是:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
	// input varable
	int grade = 92;
	// begin switch
	switch(grade) { 
		// give a scope
		case 90 ... 100:
			cout << "Excellent, you can be the teacher next time" << endl;
			break;
		case 80 ... 89:
			cout << "Gread, try to help those poor guys" << endl;
			break;
		case 70 ... 79:
			cout << "Good, you can do better next time" << endl;
			break;
		case 60 ... 69:
			cout << "well, you make contribution to the pass rate" << endl;
			break;
		case 0 ... 59:
			cout << "Look forward to seeing you again!" << endl;
			break;
		default:
			cout << "I can't get your idea, input again please" << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

switch 主要出错的地方就是它的范围的写法,其实 "minimum … maximum ” 就好了,相当于 (a <= maximum && a >= minimum)。 第二,break 一定要加,不然会从头顺到尾。 第三,default 可省,作用和 else 差不多。然后记住哪里该缩进,哪里需要打冒号,这个比较重要。

以上就是条件语句的基本用法。我们下次见,嘻嘻。

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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_44935881/article/details/105289326