1.环境准备

查看当前Linux操作系统版本为CentOS release 6.10

[root@ufo130 ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version:	:base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch
Distributor ID:	CentOS
Description:	CentOS release 6.10 (Final)
Release:	    6.10
Codename:	    Final

2.下载安装包

下载网址
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
下载对应操作系统的mysql安装包（没有账号可以免费注册一个账号）
在这里插入图片描述

3.执行安装

可参考第4步先卸载干净，再安装（如果之前有安装，或安装在不同目录下不用卸载）
用root登录操作系统，增加mysql用户和组，数据库将安装在此用户下（如若已存在MySQL用户，在确定不影响其他功能的情况下，可将之删除，并重建）

[root@ufo130 ~]# userdel -r mysql
[root@ufo130 ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@ufo130 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

创建安装目录，上传安装包等操作

[root@ufo130 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql
[root@ufo130 ~]# cd /opt/mysql
[root@ufo130 mysql]# ll
total 473712
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 485074552 Apr 15 01:22 mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
[root@ufo130 mysql]# tar xvf mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz 
[root@ufo130 mysql]# ln -s mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
[root@ufo130 mysql]# cd mysql
[root@ufo130 mysql]# mkdir mysql-files
[root@ufo130 mysql]# chown mysql:mysql mysql-files
[root@ufo130 mysql]# chmod 750 mysql-files

在数据目录下创建系统数据库和系统表，user表示这些数据库和表的owner是此用户（注意输出日志含有root用户临时密码：Lb_aW0Oi&gYe）

[root@ufo130 mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
2020-04-15T03:43:03.992059Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /opt/mysql/mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.19) initializing of server in progress as process 8718
2020-04-15T03:43:17.343810Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Lb_aW0Oi&gYe

[root@ufo130 mysql]# bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql/data

配置环境变量，配置启动服务

[root@ufo130 ~]# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@ufo130 ~]# source /etc/profile

[root@ufo130 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
[root@ufo130 mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysql.server 
basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql/
datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql/data

启动服务、修改临时密码、重启生效（修改的密码必须满足密码策略：字母大小写、数字和特殊字符，长度不小于8）

[root@ufo130 mysql]# service mysql.server start
Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
[root@ufo130 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.19

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Ufo_123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
[root@ufo130 ~]# service mysql.server restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS!

4.执行卸载

1.关闭数据库 service mysql.server stop
2.删除mysql用户（可选、不影响其他使用）userdel -r mysql
2.删除之前的环境变量配置 /etc/profile
3.删除之前的启动服务 /etc/init.d/mysql.server
4.删除整个安装目录 /opt/mysql
7.删除全局参数文件（如果有my.cnf）
注意：具体的目录、配置等取决于之前配置过的位置

4.文件布局

[root@ufo130 mysql]# ll
total 440
drwxr-xr-x  2  7161 31415   4096 Dec 10 07:32 bin
drwxr-x---  6 mysql mysql   4096 Apr 15 12:43 data
drwxr-xr-x  2  7161 31415   4096 Dec 10 07:32 docs
drwxr-xr-x  3  7161 31415   4096 Dec 10 07:32 include
drwxr-xr-x  6  7161 31415   4096 Dec 10 07:32 lib
-rw-r--r--  1  7161 31415 405571 Dec 10 03:53 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x  4  7161 31415   4096 Dec 10 07:32 man
drwxr-x---  2 mysql mysql   4096 Apr 15 11:40 mysql-files
-rw-r--r--  1  7161 31415    687 Dec 10 03:53 README
drwxr-xr-x 28  7161 31415   4096 Dec 10 07:32 share
drwxr-xr-x  2  7161 31415   4096 Dec 10 07:32 support-files