打印99乘法表在任何语言中都是一个必写程序，特别是学习了循环之后
打印99乘法表第一步
众所周知，99乘法表的格式为x*y=z
所以我们至少需要两个参数，一个为x,一个为y,这里我们使用i和j表示
x和y都不会超过9，并具有一定规律，比如1x2，1x3
根据上面的分析，我们首先需要把i和j写出来，写到需要用到我们的双层for循环了。
#!/bin/bash -
for i in `seq 9`
do
for j in `seq 9`
do
echo $j,$i
done
done
执行结果
[root@XiaoPeng scripts]# bash chengfa.sh
1,1
2,1
3,1
4,1
5,1
6,1
7,1
8,1
9,1
1,2
2,2
3,2
4,2
5,2
6,2
7,2
8,2
9,2
1,3
2,3
3,3
4,3
5,3
6,3
7,3
8,3
9,3
1,4
2,4
3,4
4,4
5,4
6,4
7,4
8,4
9,4
1,5
2,5
3,5
4,5
5,5
6,5
7,5
8,5
9,5
1,6
2,6
3,6
4,6
5,6
6,6
7,6
8,6
9,6
1,7
2,7
3,7
4,7
5,7
6,7
7,7
8,7
9,7
1,8
2,8
3,8
4,8
5,8
6,8
7,8
8,8
9,8
1,9
2,9
3,9
4,9
5,9
6,9
7,9
8,9
9,9
[root@XiaoPeng scripts]#
到了这里，大家可能已经找到了一点规律，i和j我们已经得出来了，所以我们要给i和j进行一个乘法运算。
!/bin/bash -
for i in `seq 9`
do
for j in `seq 9`
do
echo "$i x $j = `echo $(($i*$j))`" # 运算
done
done
执行结果
[root@XiaoPeng scripts]# bash chengfa.sh
1 x 1 = 1
1 x 2 = 2
1 x 3 = 3
1 x 4 = 4
1 x 5 = 5
1 x 6 = 6
1 x 7 = 7
1 x 8 = 8
1 x 9 = 9
2 x 1 = 2
2 x 2 = 4
2 x 3 = 6
2 x 4 = 8
2 x 5 = 10
2 x 6 = 12
2 x 7 = 14
2 x 8 = 16
2 x 9 = 18
3 x 1 = 3
3 x 2 = 6
3 x 3 = 9
3 x 4 = 12
3 x 5 = 15
3 x 6 = 18
3 x 7 = 21
3 x 8 = 24
3 x 9 = 27
4 x 1 = 4
4 x 2 = 8
4 x 3 = 12
4 x 4 = 16
4 x 5 = 20
4 x 6 = 24
4 x 7 = 28
4 x 8 = 32
4 x 9 = 36
5 x 1 = 5
5 x 2 = 10
5 x 3 = 15
5 x 4 = 20
5 x 5 = 25
5 x 6 = 30
5 x 7 = 35
5 x 8 = 40
5 x 9 = 45
6 x 1 = 6
6 x 2 = 12
6 x 3 = 18
6 x 4 = 24
6 x 5 = 30
6 x 6 = 36
6 x 7 = 42
6 x 8 = 48
6 x 9 = 54
7 x 1 = 7
7 x 2 = 14
7 x 3 = 21
7 x 4 = 28
7 x 5 = 35
7 x 6 = 42
7 x 7 = 49
7 x 8 = 56
7 x 9 = 63
8 x 1 = 8
8 x 2 = 16
8 x 3 = 24
8 x 4 = 32
8 x 5 = 40
8 x 6 = 48
8 x 7 = 56
8 x 8 = 64
8 x 9 = 72
9 x 1 = 9
9 x 2 = 18
9 x 3 = 27
9 x 4 = 36
9 x 5 = 45
9 x 6 = 54
9 x 7 = 63
9 x 8 = 72
9 x 9 = 81
到了这一步，整个雏形以及出现了，这个时候我们发现一个问题，那就是每个公式都是单独的一行，所以我们需要修改一些程序，echo中的-n参数可以实现取消跨行输出。
修改部分
echo -n "$i x $j = `echo $(($i*$j))`"
执行结果
[root@XiaoPeng scripts]# bash chengfa.sh
1 x 1 = 11 x 2 = 21 x 3 = 31 x 4 = 41 x 5 = 51 x 6 = 61 x 7 = 71 x 8 = 81 x 9 = 92 x 1 = 22 x 2 = 42 x 3 = 62 x 4 = 82 x 5 = 102 x 6 = 122 x 7 = 142 x 8 = 162 x 9 = 183 x 1 = 33 x 2 = 63 x 3 = 93 x 4 = 123 x 5 = 153 x 6 = 183 x 7 = 213 x 8 = 243 x 9 = 274 x 1 = 44 x 2 = 84 x 3 = 124 x 4 = 164 x 5 = 204 x 6 = 244 x 7 = 284 x 8 = 324 x 9 = 365 x 1 = 55 x 2 = 105 x 3 = 155 x 4 = 205 x 5 = 255 x 6 = 305 x 7 = 355 x 8 = 405 x 9 = 456 x 1 = 66 x 2 = 126 x 3 = 186 x 4 = 246 x 5 = 306 x 6 = 366 x 7 = 426 x 8 = 486 x 9 = 547 x 1 = 77 x 2 = 147 x 3 = 217 x 4 = 287 x 5 = 357 x 6 = 427 x 7 = 497 x 8 = 567 x 9 = 638 x 1 = 88 x 2 = 168 x 3 = 248 x 4 = 328 x 5 = 408 x 6 = 488 x 7 = 568 x 8 = 648 x 9 = 729 x 1 = 99 x 2 = 189 x 3 = 279 x 4 = 369 x 5 = 459 x 6 = 549 x 7 = 639 x 8 = 729 x 9 = 81[root@XiaoPeng scripts]#
到了这一步之后，大家会发现，所有的变量都是挨着的，怎么修改呢？我们需要在echo后面加两个空格就好了。
修改部分
echo -n "$i x $j = `echo $(($i*$j))` ” # ”前面加了两个空格。
执行结果
1 x 1 = 1 1 x 2 = 2 1 x 3 = 3 1 x 4 = 4 1 x 5 = 5 1 x 6 = 6 1 x 7 = 7 1 x 8 = 8 1 x 9 = 9 2 x 1 = 2 2 x 2 = 4 2 x 3 = 6 2 x 4 = 8 2 x 5 = 10 2 x 6 = 12 2 x 7 = 14 2 x 8 = 16 2 x 9 = 18 3 x 1 = 3 3 x 2 = 6 3 x 3 = 9 3 x 4 = 12 3 x 5 = 15 3 x 6 = 18 3 x 7 = 21 3 x 8 = 24 3 x 9 = 27 4 x 1 = 4 4 x 2 = 8 4 x 3 = 12 4 x 4 = 16 4 x 5 = 20 4 x 6 = 24 4 x 7 = 28 4 x 8 = 32 4 x 9 = 36 5 x 1 = 5 5 x 2 = 10 5 x 3 = 15 5 x 4 = 20 5 x 5 = 25 5 x 6 = 30 5 x 7 = 35 5 x 8 = 40 5 x 9 = 45 6 x 1 = 6 6 x 2 = 12 6 x 3 = 18 6 x 4 = 24 6 x 5 = 30 6 x 6 = 36 6 x 7 = 42 6 x 8 = 48 6 x 9 = 54 7 x 1 = 7 7 x 2 = 14 7 x 3 = 21 7 x 4 = 28 7 x 5 = 35 7 x 6 = 42 7 x 7 = 49 7 x 8 = 56 7 x 9 = 63 8 x 1 = 8 8 x 2 = 16 8 x 3 = 24 8 x 4 = 32 8 x 5 = 40 8 x 6 = 48 8 x 7 = 56 8 x 8 = 64 8 x 9 = 72 9 x 1 = 9 9 x 2 = 18 9 x 3 = 27 9 x 4 = 36 9 x 5 = 45 9 x 6 = 54 9 x 7 = 63 9 x 8 = 72 9 x 9 = 81
好看多了吧，但是我们还会发现，输出的结果并不会换行，因为99乘法表需要换行的，1x1=1 一行 ；1x2=2 2x2=4 一行。所以我们需要把程序继续修改，比如我们规定，每当j循环结束我们就换行一次。
修改部分
for i in `seq 9`
do
for j in `seq 9`
do
echo -n "$i x $j = `echo $(($i*$j))` "
done
echo "" # 打印空行
don
执行结果
[root@XiaoPeng scripts]# bash chengfa.sh
1 x 1 = 1 1 x 2 = 2 1 x 3 = 3 1 x 4 = 4 1 x 5 = 5 1 x 6 = 6 1 x 7 = 7 1 x 8 = 8 1 x 9 = 9
2 x 1 = 2 2 x 2 = 4 2 x 3 = 6 2 x 4 = 8 2 x 5 = 10 2 x 6 = 12 2 x 7 = 14 2 x 8 = 16 2 x 9 = 18
3 x 1 = 3 3 x 2 = 6 3 x 3 = 9 3 x 4 = 12 3 x 5 = 15 3 x 6 = 18 3 x 7 = 21 3 x 8 = 24 3 x 9 = 27
4 x 1 = 4 4 x 2 = 8 4 x 3 = 12 4 x 4 = 16 4 x 5 = 20 4 x 6 = 24 4 x 7 = 28 4 x 8 = 32 4 x 9 = 36
5 x 1 = 5 5 x 2 = 10 5 x 3 = 15 5 x 4 = 20 5 x 5 = 25 5 x 6 = 30 5 x 7 = 35 5 x 8 = 40 5 x 9 = 45
6 x 1 = 6 6 x 2 = 12 6 x 3 = 18 6 x 4 = 24 6 x 5 = 30 6 x 6 = 36 6 x 7 = 42 6 x 8 = 48 6 x 9 = 54
7 x 1 = 7 7 x 2 = 14 7 x 3 = 21 7 x 4 = 28 7 x 5 = 35 7 x 6 = 42 7 x 7 = 49 7 x 8 = 56 7 x 9 = 63
8 x 1 = 8 8 x 2 = 16 8 x 3 = 24 8 x 4 = 32 8 x 5 = 40 8 x 6 = 48 8 x 7 = 56 8 x 8 = 64 8 x 9 = 72
9 x 1 = 9 9 x 2 = 18 9 x 3 = 27 9 x 4 = 36 9 x 5 = 45 9 x 6 = 54 9 x 7 = 63 9 x 8 = 72 9 x 9 = 81
这个时候大家会发现，我们正常的乘法表是直角三角形，现在是矩形输出，为什么呢？大家可能发现了，因为我们有部分的公式是重复的，比如1x2=2 和2x1=2重复了，那么怎么去解决呢？ 大家可以发现一个规律，1x2=2,2x2=4，还有1x3=3 2x3=6 3x3=9,同一行中，前面一个数不会大于后面的数，即j x i=z，j不会大于i
修改部分
for i in `seq 9`
do
for j in `seq 9`
do
[ $j -le $i ] && echo -n "$i x $j = `echo $(($i*$j))` " # 如果 j 小与等于 i 才会打印式子
done
echo ""
done
执行结果
[root@XiaoPeng scripts]# bash chengfa.sh
1 x 1 = 1
2 x 1 = 2 2 x 2 = 4
3 x 1 = 3 3 x 2 = 6 3 x 3 = 9
4 x 1 = 4 4 x 2 = 8 4 x 3 = 12 4 x 4 = 16
5 x 1 = 5 5 x 2 = 10 5 x 3 = 15 5 x 4 = 20 5 x 5 = 25
6 x 1 = 6 6 x 2 = 12 6 x 3 = 18 6 x 4 = 24 6 x 5 = 30 6 x 6 = 36
7 x 1 = 7 7 x 2 = 14 7 x 3 = 21 7 x 4 = 28 7 x 5 = 35 7 x 6 = 42 7 x 7 = 49
8 x 1 = 8 8 x 2 = 16 8 x 3 = 24 8 x 4 = 32 8 x 5 = 40 8 x 6 = 48 8 x 7 = 56 8 x 8 = 64
9 x 1 = 9 9 x 2 = 18 9 x 3 = 27 9 x 4 = 36 9 x 5 = 45 9 x 6 = 54 9 x 7 = 63 9 x 8 = 72 9 x 9 = 81
转载自
https://blog.51cto.com/xiaowangzai/2090990
