前言
自己做了一个博客，需要访问自己的网站获取数据，但是系统默认只能直接访问https的网站。不想让应用改用http的服务。因此，研究如何启用https，本文即是介绍如何在CentOS上配合Nginx使用CertBot。
环境
-
Ubuntu
-
Nginx
安装CertBot
命令行，键入：
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:certbot/certbot
sudo apt-get update然后，可以使用以下命令安装certbot：
sudo apt-get install certbot python-certbot-nginx生成证书
sudo certbot --nginx剩下的一切会自动完成。Certbot 会自动帮你注册账户，检测 Nginx 配置文件中的域名，询问你为哪些域名生成证书，是否将 Http 重定向到 Https 等等，最后帮你自动修改 Nginx 配置并重启，这时你的网站已经变成了 Https。
但Certbot没有给你自动修改Nginx配置时,这时候需要自己配置
如果提示：
IMPORTANT NOTES:
- Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at
/etc/letsencrypt/live/your.domain.com/fullchain.pem. Your cert
will expire on 20XX-09-23. To obtain a new or tweaked version of
this certificate in the future, simply run certbot again. To
non-interactively renew *all* of your certificates, run "certbot
renew"
- If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:
Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt: https://letsencrypt.org/donate
Donating to EFF: https://eff.org/donate-le证书生成成功！
配置Nginx
目前已经自动帮我们配置证书了，我们可以看下配置的形式，后续可以自己配置。
server {
server_name bbs.wzlinux.com; # managed by Certbot
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / {
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
listen [::]:443 ssl ipv6only=on; # managed by Certbot
listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/bbs.wzlinux.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/bbs.wzlinux.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot
}
server {
if ($host = bbs.wzlinux.com) {
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
} # managed by Certbot
listen 80 ;
listen [::]:80 ;
server_name bbs.wzlinux.com;
return 404; # managed by Certbot
}启用443端口
同样，修改Nginx的虚拟主机配置文件，新建一个443端口的server配置：
server {
listen 443 ssl;
listen [::]:443 ssl ipv6only=on;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/your.domain.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/your.domain.com/privkey.pem;
ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/your.domain.com/chain.pem;
// ... other settings ...
}上面记得替换your.domain.com为你自己的域名。
接着重新加载Nginx配置：
sudo service nginx reload
现在通过浏览器访问你的网站：https://your.domain.com试试，如果看到浏览器的绿色标志，恭喜你设置成功！
不过由于这个证书的时效只有90天，我们需要设置自动更新的功能，帮我们自动更新证书的时效。
自动更新证书
先在命令行模拟证书更新：
sudo certbot renew --dry-run模拟更新成功的效果如下：
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/your.domain.com.conf
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
** DRY RUN: simulating 'certbot renew' close to cert expiry
** (The test certificates below have not been saved.)
Congratulations, all renewals succeeded. The following certs have been renewed:
/etc/letsencrypt/live/your.domain.com/fullchain.pem (success)
** DRY RUN: simulating 'certbot renew' close to cert expiry
** (The test certificates above have not been saved.)既然模拟成功，我们就使用crontab -e的命令来启用自动任务，命令行：
sudo crontab -e
添加配置：
0 4 * * * /usr/bin/certbot renew >> /var/log/le-renew.log
上面的执行时间为：每天执行renew任务。
你可以在命令行执行/usr/bin/certbot renew >> /var/log/le-renew.log看看是否执行正常，如果一切OK，那么我们的配置到此结束！
参考
