3.11 lnmp搭建

其他 2020-04-09 23:53:33 阅读次数: 0

lnmp目录

1. lnmp组成

  • nginx
  • mysql
  • php

2. lnmp安装

2.1 nginx安装

//创建系统用户nginx
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

//安装依赖环境
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel gcc gcc-c++
安装过程略....
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y groups mark install 'Development Tools'
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Marked install: Development Tools

//创建日志存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx

//下载nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
--2018-08-20 11:19:09--  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
Resolving nginx.org (nginx.org)... 95.211.80.227, 206.251.255.63, 2606:7100:1:69::3f, ...
Connecting to nginx.org (nginx.org)|95.211.80.227|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 980831 (958K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz’

100%[======================================================>] 980,831     15.9KB/s   in 43s

2018-08-20 11:19:52 (22.3 KB/s) - ‘nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz’ saved [980831/980831]


//编译安装
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug  kernels  nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# tar xf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd nginx-1.12.0
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-debug \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_image_filter_module \
--with-http_gunzip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) && make install
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
nginx  nginx.old
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/:$PATH'>/etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# . /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0]# ss -anlt
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128             *:80                          *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128             *:22                          *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100     127.0.0.1:25                          *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128            :::22                         :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100           ::1:25                         :::*

2.2 MySQL安装

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel

//创建用户和组
[root@localhost src]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@localhost src]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql


//下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

//解压软件至/usr/local/
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug  kernels  mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/
bin  games    lib    libexec                              sbin   src
etc  include  lib64  mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  share
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
‘mysql’ -> ‘mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/’
[root@localhost local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root  36 Aug 14 16:00 mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x  9 root root 129 Aug 14 00:16 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Jun 13 19:03 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Mar 10  2016 src


//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 36 Aug 14 16:00 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/



//添加环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql
bin  COPYING  docs  include  lib  man  README  share  support-files
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin



//建立数据存放目录
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@localhost mysql]# ll /opt/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Aug 14 16:54 data



//初始化数据库
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
2018-08-15T07:57:46.168380Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-08-15T07:57:50.542516Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-08-15T07:57:50.927286Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-08-15T07:57:51.071260Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e8600890-a060-11e8-b1a2-000c294c50b4.
2018-08-15T07:57:51.074566Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-08-15T07:57:51.078089Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generatedfor root@localhost: jtBzkkb=r5ik
//请注意，这个命令的最后会生成一个临时密码，此处密码是jtBzkkb=r5ik
//再次注意，这个密码是随机的，你的不会跟我一样，一定要记住这个密码，因为一会登录时会用到


//配置mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
‘/usr/local/include/mysql’ -> ‘/usr/local/mysql/include/’
[root@localhost ~]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@localhost ~]# ldconfig      

//生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
EOF


//配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld



//启动mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!  
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root       1521      1  0 01:58 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/binmysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid
mysql      1699   1521  0 01:58 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root       1734   1301  0 01:59 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port
LISTEN      0      128         *:22                      *:*
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                      *:*
LISTEN      0      128        :::22                     :::*
LISTEN      0      100       ::1:25                     :::*
LISTEN      0      80         :::3306                   :::* 
 
 

//修改密码
//使用临时密码登录
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.22

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

//设置新密码
mysql> set password = password('wangqing123!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye

2.3 php安装

//配置yum源
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh remi-release-7.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache --enablerepo=remi

//安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php72-php-mysqlnd
安装过程略....



//下载php
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.8.tar.xz
下载过程略....


//编译安装php
[root@localhost src]# tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz
[root@localhost src]# cd php-7.2.8
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--enable-exif  \
--enable-ftp \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-gettext \
--enable-json \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-pdo \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-readline \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-zip \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-pear \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-posix
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# make -j $(cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep processor|wc -l)
编译过程略
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# make install
安装过程略


//安装后配置
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# php -v
PHP 7.2.8 (cli) (built: Aug 16 2018 13:27:30) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies


//配置php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

//编辑php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）：
//配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值：
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
.....
.....
pm.max_children = 50    ;最多同时提供50个进程提供50个并发服务
pm.start_servers = 5    ;启动时启动5个进程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2    ;最小空闲进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 8    ;最大空闲进程数

[root@localhost ~]# tail /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
; file.
; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
;  - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)
;  - /usr/local/php7 otherwise
include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 8



//启动php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm  done

//默认情况下，fpm监听在127.0.0.1的9000端口，也可以使用如下命令验证其是否已经监听在相应的套接字
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q           Local Address:Port                          Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128                          *:22                                       *:*
LISTEN     0      100                  127.0.0.1:25                                       *:*
LISTEN     0      128                  127.0.0.1:9000                                     *:*
LISTEN     0      128                         :::80                                      :::*
LISTEN     0      128                         :::22                                      :::*
LISTEN     0      100                        ::1:25                                      :::*
LISTEN     0      80                          :::3306                                    :::*

[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef|grep php
root      81070      1  0 14:13 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nobody    81071  81070  0 14:13 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    81072  81070  0 14:13 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    81073  81070  0 14:13 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    81074  81070  0 14:13 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    81075  81070  0 14:13 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root      81079  83354  0 14:15 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto php

3. php启用fpm模型

  • 配置示例如下：
[root@130 nginx]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location ~ \.php$ {
  root html;
  fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;      //定义反向代理
  fastcgi_index index.php;
  fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
  include fastcgi_params;
}

4.配置测试网页

[root@130 html]# cat >/usr/local/nginx/html/index.php<<EOF
> <?php
>    phpinfo();
> ?>
> EOF
[root@130 nginx]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location / {
     root   html;
     index index.php index.html;
}
[root@130 nginx]# nginx -s stop
[root@130 nginx]# nginx
[root@130 nginx]# ss -anlt
State      Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      128           *:80                        *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128           *:22                        *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100    127.0.0.1:25                        *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128    127.0.0.1:9000                      *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128          :::22                       :::*                  
LISTEN     0      100         ::1:25                       :::*                  
LISTEN     0      80           :::3306                     :::*
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