基于Python-Flask的权限管理4：加载菜单

一、前言

本文实现了根据不同用户加载不同的菜单权限。

二、修改前端

前端登录成功之后会加载菜单，发送了一个find_all_menu请求，该请求会根据用户ID加载菜单，但是在项目组它并没有传id直接后端写死了，所以我们要改下前端。

1.修改src\api\modules\menu.js的MENU_USER方法，使这个方法传用户id

2.修改src\store\modules\d2admin\modules\permission.js 使MENU_USERc传入UUID

三、根据用户显示菜单

 1.菜单权限表ORM

from models.BaseModel import BaseModel
from db import db


class Menu(BaseModel):
    """
    菜单权限表
    """
    __tablename__ = "t_menu"
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="菜单ID")
    menu_name = db.Column(db.String(50), comment="菜单名称")
    parent_id = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="父菜单ID")
    order_num = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="显示顺序")
    url = db.Column(db.String(200), comment="请求地址")
    menu_type = db.Column(db.Integer, default=1, comment="菜单类型（1,目录 2,菜单 3,按钮")
    visible = db.Column(db.Integer, default=1, comment="菜单状态（1显示 2隐藏）")
    perms = db.Column(db.String(100), comment="权限标识")
    icon = db.Column(db.String(100), comment="菜单图标")
    is_frame = db.Column(db.Integer, default=2, comment="是否外链")
    route_name = db.Column(db.String(100), default="", comment="路由名称")
    route_path = db.Column(db.String(100), default="", comment="路由地址")
    route_cache = db.Column(db.Integer, default=0, comment="路由缓存")
    route_component = db.Column(db.String(100), default="", comment="路由组件")

2.角色菜单关系表ORM

from db import db
from models.BaseModel import BaseModel


class Role_Menu(BaseModel):
    """
    角色菜单关联表
    """
    __tablename__ = "t_role_menu"
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="ID")
    role_id = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="角色ID")
    menu_id = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="菜单ID")
    create_by = None
    created_at = None
    update_by = None
    updated_at = None
    remark = None

3.用户角色关系表ORM

from db import db
from models.BaseModel import BaseModel


class User_Role(BaseModel):
    """
    用户角色关联表
    """
    __tablename__ = "t_user_role"
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="ID")
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="用户ID")
    role_id = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="角色ID")
    create_by = None
    created_at = None
    update_by = None
    updated_at = None
    remark = None

4.permission下新建menu.py，并在app.py注册蓝图

from permission import *

menu = Blueprint('menu', __name__)

app.register_blueprint(menu.menu, url_prefix='/api/menu')

5.find_all_menu接口实现

@menu.route('/find_all_menu', methods=["POST"])
# @login_required
def find_all_menu():
    '''
    根据用户id获取菜单
    :return:
    '''
    res_dir = request.get_json()
    user_id = res_dir.get("uuid")
    data = constructMenuTrees(user_id=user_id)  # 获取菜单树
    return jsonify(code=Code.SUCCESS.value, msg="ok", data=data)

通过递归实现根据父ID查找子菜单,如果传入用户id则只查询该用户的权限否则查询所有权限,一级菜单父id默认是0

def constructMenuTrees(parentId=0, user_id=None):
    '''
    通过递归实现根据父ID查找子菜单,如果传入用户id则只查询该用户的权限否则查询所有权限,一级菜单父id默认是0
    1.根据父ID获取该菜单下的子菜单或权限
    2.遍历子菜单或权限，继续向下获取，直到最小级菜单或权限
    3.如果没有遍历到，返回空的数组，有返回权限列表
    :param user_id:
    :param parentId:
    :return:dict
    '''
    if user_id:
        menu_data = Menu.query.join(Role_Menu, Menu.id == Role_Menu.menu_id).join(User_Role,
                                                                                  User_Role.role_id == Role_Menu.role_id).filter(
            User_Role.user_id == user_id).filter(Menu.parent_id == parentId).order_by('order_num').all()
    else:
        menu_data = Menu.query.filter(Menu.parent_id == parentId).order_by('order_num').all()
    menu_dict = menu_to_dict(menu_data)
    if len(menu_dict) > 0:
        data = []
        for menu in menu_dict:
            menu['children_list'] = constructMenuTrees(menu['id'], user_id)
            data.append(menu)
        return data
    return []

查询出来的数据是无序的，前端显示不够直白，这边格式化一下

def menu_to_dict(result):
    '''
    格式化菜单字段显示顺序
    :param result:
    :return:
    '''
    data = []
    for menu in result:
        child = {
            "id": menu.id,
            "menu_name": menu.menu_name,
            "parent_id": menu.parent_id,
            "order_num": menu.order_num,
            "url": menu.url,
            "menu_type": menu.menu_type,
            "visible": menu.visible,
            "perms": menu.perms,
            "icon": menu.icon,
            "is_frame": menu.is_frame,
            "create_by": menu.create_by,
            "created_at": menu.created_at,
            "update_by": menu.update_by,
            "updated_at": menu.updated_at,
            "remark": menu.remark,
            "route_name": menu.route_name,
            "route_path": menu.route_path,
            "route_cache": menu.route_cache,
            "route_component": menu.route_component,
        }
        data.append(child)
    return data

 6.点击登录之后，成功显示权限