springboot中实现文件上传的具体步骤

首先是shiro权限管理，要配置文件上传拦截器
//upload文件上传
filterRuleMap.put("/upload/**", “anon”);

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {

    @Autowired
    private RedisUtil redisUtil;

    /**
     * 先走 filter
     *
     * @param securityManager the security manager
     * @return the shiro filter factory bean
     */
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean factory(SecurityManager securityManager) {
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean factoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        factoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        Map<String, Filter> filterMap = new HashMap<>();
        //设置自定义的JWT过滤器
        filterMap.put("jwt", new JWTFilter(redisUtil));
        factoryBean.setFilters(filterMap);
        Map<String, String> filterRuleMap = new HashMap<>(2);
        filterRuleMap.put("/auth/**", "anon");
        filterRuleMap.put("/auth/authorization", "anon");
        filterRuleMap.put("/auth/authentication", "anon");
        filterRuleMap.put("/goods/**", "anon");
        //upload文件上传
        filterRuleMap.put("/upload/**", "anon");
//        filterRuleMap.put("/**", "jwt");
        filterRuleMap.put("/**", "anon");
        factoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterRuleMap);
        return factoryBean;
    }

    /**
     * 注入 securityManager
     *
     * @return the security manager
     */
    @Bean
    public SecurityManager securityManager() {
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        // 设置自定义 realm.
        securityManager.setRealm(customRealm());
        /*
         * 关闭shiro自带的session，详情见文档
         * http://shiro.apache.org/session-management.html#SessionManagement-StatelessApplications%28Sessionless%29
         */
        DefaultSubjectDAO subjectDAO = new DefaultSubjectDAO();
        DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator defaultSessionStorageEvaluator = new DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator();
        defaultSessionStorageEvaluator.setSessionStorageEnabled(false);
        subjectDAO.setSessionStorageEvaluator(defaultSessionStorageEvaluator);
        securityManager.setSubjectDAO(subjectDAO);
        return securityManager;
    }

    @Bean
    public CustomRealm customRealm() {
        CustomRealm customRealm = new CustomRealm();
        return customRealm;
    }

    /**
     * 开启shiro aop注解支持. 使用代理方式; 所以需要开启代码支持;
     *
     * @param securityManager 安全管理器
     * @return 授权Advisor
     */
    @Bean
    public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {
        AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor advisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
        advisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        return advisor;
    }
}

紧接着就是文件管理配置类，将访问的url和文件路径写上去
registry.addResourceHandler("/driver/**").addResourceLocations(“file:”+filePath+"/upload/driver/");

@Configuration
public class FileConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

    @Value("${filePath}")
    private String filePath;

        @Override
        public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
            //上传的图片在D盘下的OTA目录下，访问路径如：http://localhost:8081/OTA/d3cf0281-bb7f-40e0-ab77-406db95ccf2c.jpg
            //其中OTA表示访问的前缀。"file:D:/OTA/"是文件真实的存储路径
            registry.addResourceHandler("/goods/**").addResourceLocations("file:"+filePath+"/image/goods/");
            registry.addResourceHandler("/driver/**").addResourceLocations("file:"+filePath+"/upload/driver/");
            registry.addResourceHandler("/commodityInspection/**").addResourceLocations("file:"+filePath+"/upload/commodityInspection/");
            registry.addResourceHandler("/fhhQualification/**").addResourceLocations("file:"+filePath+"/upload/fhhQualification/");
            registry.addResourceHandler("/certificate/**").addResourceLocations("file:"+filePath+"/upload/certificate/");
        }
}

接下来便是代码实现了，先通过文件上传通用类获取url，保存到数据库中

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/FileLibrary")
@Api(tags = "文件管理")
public class FileLibraryController extends BaseController {

    @Autowired
    private IFileLibraryService fileLibraryService;


    @PostMapping("/uploadFile")
    @ApiOperation("司机证件上传")
    public Object uploadFile(Integer id, MultipartFile file) {
        //文件存储位置
        String filePathKeyword="/upload/driver";
        //文件访问地址
        String urlPathKeyword="driver";
        //前缀
        String filePrefix="driver";
        //文件名
        String filename = file.getOriginalFilename();

        FileLibrary fileLibrary = new FileLibrary();
        fileLibrary.setFileId(id);
        fileLibrary.setType(1);
        fileLibrary.setFormerName(filename);

        String url = fileLibraryService.uploadFile(file, filePrefix, filePathKeyword, urlPathKeyword);
        fileLibrary.setUrl(url);
        return fileLibraryService.save(fileLibrary)?ResultJson.ok():ResultJson.failure(ResultCode.BAD_REQUEST);
    }

    @PostMapping("/editDriver")
    @ApiOperation("司机证件修改")
    public Object editDriver(FileLibrary fileLibrary, MultipartFile file) {
        //文件存储位置
        String filePathKeyword="/upload/driver";
        //文件访问地址
        String urlPathKeyword="driver";
        //前缀
        String filePrefix="driver";
        //文件名
        String filename = file.getOriginalFilename();

        FileLibrary one = fileLibraryService.getOne(new QueryWrapper<FileLibrary>().eq("file_id", fileLibrary.getFileId()).eq("type", 1));
        if (one==null) {
            return ResultJson.failure(ResultCode.NOT_EXIST);
        } else {
            fileLibraryService.deleteFile(one.getUrl(), filePathKeyword);
        }

        String url = fileLibraryService.uploadFile(file, filePrefix, filePathKeyword, urlPathKeyword);
        fileLibrary.setFormerName(filename);
        fileLibrary.setUrl(url);
        return fileLibraryService.updateById(fileLibrary)? ResultJson.ok():ResultJson.failure(ResultCode.BAD_REQUEST);
    }
}

Service接口

public interface IFileLibraryService extends IService<FileLibrary> {

    /**
     * 删除文件
     * @param file
     * @param filePrefix
     * @param filePathKeyword 前后不要加下划线
     * @param urlPathKeyword 前后不要加下划线
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public String uploadFile(MultipartFile file, String filePrefix, String filePathKeyword, String urlPathKeyword);
    
    /**
     * 删除文件
     * @param fileUrl
     * @param filePathKeyword
     * @return
     */
    public String deleteFile(String fileUrl, String filePathKeyword);

}

文件上传通用实现类，用于获取文件的url和删除文件

@Service
public class FileLibraryServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<FileLibraryMapper, FileLibrary> implements IFileLibraryService {
    @Value("${filePath}")
    private  String filePath;

    /**
     * 上传文件
     * 例 文件夹地址 /filePath/filePathKeyword/filePrefix_123.jpg
     *     url访问路径   /filePath/urlPathKeyword/filePrefix_123.jpg
     * @param file
     * @param filePrefix 文件名前缀
     * @param filePathKeyword 文件夹名(可多个文件夹)  前后不要加下划线
     * @param urlPathKeyword  url指向名 前后不要加下划线
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public String uploadFile(MultipartFile file, String filePrefix, String filePathKeyword, String urlPathKeyword){
        String suffix = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf(".")).toLowerCase();
        if (file.getSize() > 2000000) {
            return "文件过大";
        }
        //文件保存路径
        File files = new File(filePath +File.separator+ filePathKeyword + File.separator);
        if (!files.exists()) {
            files.mkdirs();
        }
        //文件名: 前缀 + 日期时间 + 随机数 + 文件类型
        String targetName = filePrefix + "_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + (int) ((Math.random() * 9 + 1) * 100000) + suffix;
        String path = files + File.separator + targetName;
        try {
            file.transferTo(new File(path));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
        String url = (File.separator + urlPathKeyword+ File.separator + targetName);
        return url;
    }

    /**
     * 删除文件
     * @param fileUrl
     * @param filePathKeyword
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public String deleteFile(String fileUrl, String filePathKeyword){
        if(fileUrl!=null&&!"".equals(fileUrl)){
                String[] split = fileUrl.split("\\/");
                try {
                    File f = new File(filePath+File.separator+filePathKeyword+File.separator+split[split.length-1]);
                    if(f.exists()){
                        f.delete();
                        return "删除成功";
                    }
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    return "删除失败";
            }
        }
        return "删除失败";
    }
}

Mapper

public interface FileLibraryMapper extends BaseMapper<FileLibrary> {
}

文件上传的实体，与数据库中相应的表字段对应

@Data
public class FileLibrary implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * id
     */
    private Integer id;

    /**
     * 文件id
     */
    private Integer fileId;

    /**
     * 文件类型 1代表司机的证件
     */
    private Integer type;

    /**
     * 文件原名
     */
    private String formerName;

    /**
     * 文件地址
     */
    private String url;

    /**
     * 数据创建时间
     */
    private Date createTime;

    /**
     * 创建人
     */
    private String createBy;

    /**
     * 更改时间
     */
    private Date updateTime;

    /**
     * 更改人
     */
    private String updateBy;

    /**
     * 备注
     */
    private String remark;

    public FileLibrary() {
    }
}