树莓派全系列参数介绍如下：
再附上 知乎@少数派 的一张图：
Raspberry官网对过去使用的博通Soc的描述:
BCM2837B0
This is the Broadcom chip used in the Raspberry Pi 3B+ and 3A+. The underlying architecture of the BCM2837B0 is identical to the BCM2837A0 chip used in other versions of the Pi. The ARM core hardware is the same, only the frequency is rated higher.
3B+和3A+使用的BCM2837B0 与BCM2837A0 相同，除了频率更高。
The ARM cores are capable of running at up to 1.4GHz, making the 3B+/3A+ about 17% faster than the original Raspberry Pi 3. The VideoCore IV runs at 400MHz. The ARM core is 64-bit, while the VideoCore IV is 32-bit.
CPU和频率都提升了数百兆赫兹。
The BCM2837B0 chip is packaged slightly differently to the BCM2837A0, and most notably includes a heat spreader for better thermals. These allow higher clock frequencies (or running at lower voltages to reduce power consumption), and more accurate monitoring and control of the chip's temperature.
使用具有顶盖设计的封装有利于散热。
BCM2837
This is the Broadcom chip used in the Raspberry Pi 3, and in later models of the Raspberry Pi 2. The underlying architecture of the BCM2837 is identical to the BCM2836. The only significant difference is the replacement of the ARMv7 quad core cluster with a quad-core ARM Cortex A53 (ARMv8) cluster.
3B和后期的2使用的BCM2837 与BCM2836相同，唯一的明显差异是使用ARM Cortex A53 (ARMv8) 替换了ARM Cortex-A7 (ARMv7)
The ARM cores run at 1.2GHz, making the device about 50% faster than the Raspberry Pi 2. The VideoCore IV runs at 400MHz.
BCM2836
The Broadcom chip used in the Raspberry Pi 2 Model B
The underlying architecture in BCM2836 is identical to BCM2835. The only significant difference is the removal of the ARM1176JZF-S processor and replacement with a quad-core Cortex-A7 cluster.
2B使用的BCM2836和BCM2835相同,唯一的区别是使用ARM Cortex-A7 (ARMv7) 替换了ARM1176JZF-S (ARMv6,ARM11)
可见过去几代树莓派使用的Soc,仅仅替换了CPU核.比Intel还会挤牙膏.
而GPU方面,则一直使用博通VideoCore IV,支持OpenGL ES 2.0, 支持1080P的H.264 MPEG-4解码.
更奇葩的是,VideoCore IV是一个32位的GPU(其运行一个闭源32位的RTOS),Linux工作在64位时不能使用硬件加速的功能.因此即使是树莓派3B,"官方"的系统依旧是32位(ARMv7)的.
BCM2711
This is the Broadcom chip used in the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. The architecture of the BCM2711 is a considerable upgrade on that used by the SoCs in earler Pi models. It continues the quad-core CPU design of the BCM2837, but uses the more powerful ARM A72 core. It has a greatly improved GPU feature set with much faster input/output, due to the incorporation of a PCIe link that connects the USB 2 and USB 3 ports, and a natively attached Ethernet controller. It is also capable of addressing more memory than the SoCs used before.
BCM2711相对于之前的Soc是一个巨大的升级.其仍为4核设计,但使用性能更强的A72.
Raspberry Pi 4使用独立的BCM54213PE PHY,Soc使用专用RGMII链路连接.
Raspberry Pi 4使用VIA VL805 PCIe转USB3.0控制器,拥有PCIe x2的速率,4个端口总计4Gbps的共享带宽.
再也不会出现3B+千兆网走USB2.0 Hub的尴尬场景了.
新树莓派的IO性能提升可以说是巨大的.当然,如果是4个USB3.0就更好了．
The ARM cores are capable of running at up to 1.5 GHz, making the Pi 4 about 50% faster than the Raspberry Pi 3B+. The new VideoCore VI 3D unit now runs at up to 500 MHz. The ARM cores are 64-bit, and while the VideoCore is 32-bit, there is a new Memory Management Unit, which means it can access more memory than previous versions.
BCM2711使用了新的VideoCore VI 3D图形单元. 虽然仍是32位的,但使用了新的MMU.
此外Raspberry Pi 4使用一个SPI连接的EEPROM（4MBits / 512KB）存储Bootloader,而不是过去SD卡中的bootcode.bin. BCM2711仍使用VideoCore作为启动处理器.
