搭建Hadoop分布式集群、HA高可用集群

HDFS分布式集群、高可用集群搭建

一.搭建完全分布式（1.x版本）

	hdp-01	hdp-02	hdp-03	hdp-04	hdp-05
namenode	√
secondarynamenode		√
datanode	√	√	√	√	√

Step1:主机相互免秘钥

• 生成自己的秘钥对
  • ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ‘’ -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
• 将自己的公钥拷贝给别人(自己也需要对自己配置免秘钥)
  • ssh-copy-id [email protected] ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
  • ssh-copy-id [email protected] ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
  • ssh-copy-id [email protected] ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
  • ssh-copy-id [email protected] ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
  • -ssh-copy-id [email protected] ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
• 将对方的地址加入到known_hosts
  • ssh root@hdp-01,输入yes
  • ssh root@hdp-02…
  • ssh root@hdp-03…
  • ssh root@hdp-04
  • ssh root@hdp-05
  • ssh root@localhost
  • ssh [email protected]

Step2:配置Hadoop

• 解压hadoop-2.10.0.tar.gz,并安装到/opt/hadoop
  （/opt目录一般为安装自定义软件的目录）

  • tar -zxvf hadoop-2.10.0.tar.gz -C /opt/hadoop

• 修改JAVA_HOME

  • 修改hadoop-env.sh,mapred-env.sh,yarn-env.sh中的JAVA_HOME

• 修改core-site.xml

  • vim core-site.xml

  • <property>
    <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
    <value>hdfs://hdp-01:9000</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
    <value>/var/hadoop/full</value>
    </property>
    

• 修改hdfs-site.xml

  • vim hdfs-site.xml

  • <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
    <value>hdp-02:50090</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.https-address</name>
    <value>hdp-02:50091</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.replication</name>
    <value>2</value>
    </property>
    

• 修改slaves

  • vim slaves

  • hdp-01
    hdp-02
    hdp-03
    hdp-04
    hdp-05
    

• 修改环境变量

  • vim /etc/profile

  • export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_51
    export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-2.10.0/hadoop-2.10.0
    export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
    

  • source /etc/profile

  • 拷贝环境变量到其他节点

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  • [root@hdp-01 ~]scp -r /etc/profile root@hdp-02:/etc/profile

  • [root@hdp-02 ~] source /etc/profile

  • …

• 依次拷贝Hadoop到其他节点

  • [root@hdp-02 ~]scp -r root@hdp-01:/opt/hadoop/hadoop2.10.0 /opt/hadoop
  • …

• 格式化NameNode节点

  • [root@hdp-01 ~]hdfs namenode -format

  • [root@hdp-01 ~]start-dfs.sh

• 浏览HDFS

  • http://192.168.183.21:50070/

• 关闭集群

  • [1]stop-dfs.sh

二.搭建高可用集群(Hadoop HA)（2.x版本）

	hdp-01	hdp-02	hdp-03	hdp-04	hdp-05
activenamenode	√
standbynamenode		√
datanode	√	√	√	√	√
zookeeper			√	√	√
journalnode			√	√	√

搭建Zookeeper

• 上传Zookeeper,解压，拷贝

  • [root@hdp-03 ~]# tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /opt/zookeeper

• 修改配置文件

  • [root@hdp-03 ~]# cd /opt/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/

  • [root@hdp-03 ~]# cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg

  • vim zoo.cfg

    • #修改zookeeper数据存放的目录
      dataDir=/var/zookeeper  
      
      # 设置服务器内部通信的地址和zk集群的节点
      server.1=hdp-03:2888:3888
      server.2=hdp-0:2888:3888
      server.3=hdp-05:2888:3888
      

  • 创建myid

    • [hdp-03、hdp-04、hdp-05] mkdir -p /var/sxt/zookeeper

    • [root@hdp-03 ~] echo 1 > /var/zookeeper/myid

    • [root@hdp-04 ~] echo 2 > /var/zookeeper/myid

    • [root@hdp-05 ~] echo 3 > /var/zookeeper/myid

  • 拷贝Zookeeper

    • [hdp-04、hdp-05]scp -r root@hdp-01:/opt/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6 /opt/zookeeper/

  • 设置环境变量

    • 增加ZOOKEEPER_HOME

    • 拷贝到hdp-04、hdp-05，并source

  • 开启集群

    • [hdp-03、hdp-04、hdp-05] zkServer.sh start

搭建Hadoop-HA

• 在之前搭建的hadoop完全分布式集群（hadoop 1.x 版本的架构）的基础上，再修改以下配置

• 修改core-site.xml

  • vim core-site.xml

  • <property>
    <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
    <value>hdfs://myCluster</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
    <value>hdp-03:2181,hdp-04:2181,hdp-05:2181</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
    <value>/var/sxt/hadoop/ha</value>
    </property>
    

• 修改hdfs-site.xml

  • vim hdfs-site.xml

  • <property>
    <name>dfs.nameservices</name>
    <value>myCluster</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.ha.namenodes.myCluster</name>
    <value>nn1,nn2</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.myCluster.nn1</name>
    <value>hdp-01:8020</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.myCluster.nn2</name>
    <value>hdp-02:8020</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.myCluster.nn1</name>
    <value>hdp-01:50070</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.myCluster.nn2</name>
    <value>hdp-02:50070</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
    <value>qjournal://hdp-03:8485;hdp-04:8485;hdp-05:8485/myCluster</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
    <value>/var/hadoop/ha/jn</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.myCluster</name>
    <value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>
    <value>sshfence</value>
    <value>shell(true)</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>
    <value>/root/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
    <value>true</value>
    </property>
    

• 修改slaves

  • vim slaves

  • hdp-01
    hdp-02
    hdp-03
    hdp-04
    hdp-05
    

• 将hadoop文件夹下的etc目录拷贝到其他节点

• 修改环境变量/etc/profile

• 检查是否有ZOOKEEPER_HOME

• 单独启动JournalNode线程

  • [hdp-03、hdp-04、hdp-05] hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
  • jps
  • cd /var/sxt/hadoop/ha/jn/

• 格式化主NameNode

  • [root@hdp-01 ~]# hdfs namenode -format
  • [root@hdp-01 ~]# hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode

• 启动备用NameNode节点

  • [root@hdp-02 ~]# hdfs namenode -bootstrapStandby

• 启动hdp-03~05上的Zookeeper

  • zkServer.sh start
  • zkServer.sh status

• 格式化ZKFC

  • [hdp-01、hdp-02] hdfs zkfc -formatZK

• 重新开启集群时

  • 先开启zookeeper集群，再start-dfs.sh即可