All directories logically only one vertex (root directory) "/", which is the starting point for all directories.
The root of the tree is a hierarchical directory structure. In the shell of the structure can be viewed through tree command.
In linux system, directory structure and disk partitions are not necessarily linked logically, that different directories across different disk devices or partitions. In practical applications, it is necessary to write data to disk by a partition entry, the "entry" is the "mount point." To achieve mount, you can use the mount command. E.g:
#mount /dev/sdb1 /usr
He says the / usr directory to mount the hard drive partition / dev / sdb1.
Linux directory structure also has certain rules, and is organized by category, with the development of the device, hard drive capacity increases, meaning each directory's been clarified, such as:
/ Bin-- all users to store commonly used binary commands
/ Boot - required linux kernel and boot the system program files directory
/ Dev-- directory device files, such as sound cards, disk drives and other
/ Etc-- storage system configuration files
/ Home-- ordinary user's home directory, default data storage ordinary users
/ Lib-- library file storage directory
File fragments generated when the / lost + found-- store unexpected system crash or accidental shutdown
/ Mnt-- temporary mount mount directory storage device, such as U disk, CD-ROM, etc.
/ Opt-- Some packages may be installed here, that custom packages, depending on the habits or norms set
/ Proc-- Kernel and process information virtual file system
/ Sbin-- mostly involving storage system management command, the directory and / usr / sbin, / usr / local / sbin directory similar
/ Temp-- temporary files, permissions, special permissions for the "t"
/ Usr-- system catalog stored procedures, such as a command, help files, etc.
/ Var-- the directory contents change frequently, under / var / log directory is related to the log storage system, / var / log / messages stored in the system log, / var / log / secure log stored in safety-related systems
/ Root - root user's home directory
For the system in English to explain the meaning of the common catalog may refer to the following chart:
