1, first download jdk and the Eclipse
jdk official download site: http: //www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
Official sometimes under very slowly, Baidu network disk ready jdk8: https: //pan.baidu.com/s/1gXg47NEL99EhHvBT8eMZjA
eclipse official Download: http: //www.eclipse.org/downloads/packages/eclipse-ide-java-developers/heliossr1/
Baidu network disk ready-made eclipse-jee-luna-SR2: https: //pan.baidu.com/s/1HibWF7FAbP3vCNXu5BPR5g
If you do not understand the meaning of the downloaded file name, see my other article: https: //blog.csdn.net/yinghuo110/article/details/80658308
Basically, the present computers are 64-bit, so choose x_64 download. Unzip tar.gz format Ubuntu system is that if you are a Red Hat linux, then select .rpm
2, install JDK
2.1, unzip the JDK
1, the JDK extract to / opt / jvm folder, so you have to first create a new jvm folder under / opt, and to the need to obtain root privileges opt folder create a new folder, so it is necessary sudo command. Instructions in / opt new folder, jvm: sudo mkdir / opt / jvm
After you enter the command to enter a password before they can perform, there will be no password is displayed. After you enter press enter it.
2, after the completed folder, to download a good jdk installation package is moved from the original position to this folder jvm
Instruction is used: sudo mv /home/jdk-8u172-linux-x64.tar.gz / opt / jvm
3, to extract the jdk jvm folder, the first change directory to jvm: cd / opt / jvm; jdk to unzip the jvm directory: sudo tar zxvf jdk-8u172-linux-x64.tar.gz / opt / jvm
Detailed tar command: https: //www.cnblogs.com/xiaochina/p/5801959.html
4, the configuration environment variable JDK
(1) the main directory to directory: cd + carriage (2) open / etc / profile: sudo vi / etc / profile, you will enter the vim editor. vi operation instruction Encyclopedia: http: //man.linuxde.net/vi
(3) add the following statement at the end of file configuration, the interval between each statement in line
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jvm/jdk1.8.0_172
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:＄{JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=＄{JAVA_HOME}/:$PATH
(4) Input source / etc / profile so that just the configuration take effect immediately
(5) to see if the installation was successful jdk
Enter java -version. If successful installation is displayed jdk version
3, mounting the Eclipse
3.1, to extract the specified directory eclipse / opt
1. First eclipse compressed packet is moved to the specified directory / opt
Command is: sudo mv /home/eclipse-jee-luna-SR2-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz / opt
2. Extract compressed eclipse: first switch to the directory / opt, then extract to / opt under
指令：1. cd /opt 2. sudo tar zxvf eclipse-jee-luna-SR2-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz 不指定目录的话，默认将当前路径的文件解压到当前路径
解压完，可以用 ls 命令查看一下文件夹里面有没有多出文件
可见多出了一个解压后的eclipse文件夹。
3.2 此时虽然可以启动eclipse了，但是每次都要进入安装目录里面。所以接下来为eclipse创建桌面图标
第一种：
进入 /usr/share/applications，找到所需的软件的快捷方式，拷贝到桌面就可以了。
这种方法不适用所有程序，有的程序不会在这里创建快捷方式。
第二种：自己在applications文件夹中建一个快捷方式，然后再拷贝到桌面
cd /usr/share/applications
sudo vim eclipse.desktop
进入编辑模式之后，把下面的代码复制上去
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=eclipse
Comment=Eclipse IDE
Exec=/opt/eclipse/eclipse
Icon=/opt/eclipse/icon.xpm
Terminal=false
starttupNotify=true
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Development;
然后保存并退出，在命令模式下输入 ：wq +回车
其中 Exec对应的是eclipse启动文件，Icon对应的是eclipse图标。上面这段代码里，有的不是必须的，还有就是这里没有列出所有的配置（个人水平有限 ^_^ ）。里面的Icon指的是程序图标的绝对路径，Exec配置的是所要运行程序的绝对路径。如果想要了解更多的配置，可以查看别的更专业的资料，这里给个参考链接。
最后再将 eclipse.desktop拷贝到桌面，以后就能直接在桌面启动了。
第三种：
还是以eclipse为例，具体根据自己的进行修改
运用软链接的方法
在命令窗口中输入：
ln -s /opt/eclipse/eclipse ~/Desktop
即可在桌面看到相应的快捷方式。这里前一个路径是程序的源路径，第二个是需要创建快捷方式的地方。 此方法还未亲自验证
因为Ubuntu是可以桌面操作，所以 /home 下移动文件和解压文件都可以用鼠标操作，但是在 filesystem 中对文件的操作都需要权限，所以还是需要在字符界面操作。
至此一整套在Ubuntu下安装jdk和eclipse的方法就完成了。
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yinghuo110/article/details/80726750