@ [toc]
the Apache common features, web hosting
A: Virtual Web Host
- Run multiple Web sites on the same server, which is not independent of each site occupied by a real computer
1.1 httpd virtual host type (three kinds) support
- Based on the type of domain name
- IP address-based virtual hosts
- Based on the virtual host ports
such as:
www.kgc.om
www.accp.com
IP the same, the same port
IP different, the same port
The same IP, port barrier
Two: establish virtual host based on experimental domain name
2.1.1 installation package
[root@localhost ~]# yum install bind httpd -y
Package 32:bind-9.11.4-9.P2.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package httpd-2.4.6-90.el7.centos.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do2.1.2 Turn off the firewall service enhancements
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost ~]# 2.1.3 Configuration dns
Dns configuration global configuration file /etc/named.conf
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { any; };
listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
recursing-file "/var/named/data/named.recursing";
secroots-file "/var/named/data/named.secroots";
allow-query { any; };Configuring dns zone configuration file /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "kgc.com" IN {
type master;
file "kgc.com.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "accp.com" IN {
type master;
file "accp.com.zone";
allow-update { none; };
}; Dns modify the zone data file
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/named/
[root@localhost named]# ls
data dynamic named.ca named.empty named.localhost named.loopback slaves
[root@localhost named]# cp -p named.localhost kgc.com.zone
[root@localhost named]# vim kgc.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA @ rname.invalid. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS @
A 127.0.0.1
www IN A 192.168.247.150
~ [root@localhost named]# cp -p kgc.com.zone accp.com.zone
Modification, start the dns service
[root@localhost named]# systemctl start namedThe client configured dns, to test whether the service is to take effect
nslookup successfully resolved
2.1.4 create a virtual host configuration file, the location in / etc / httpd / conf / extra /, meaning the sake of simplicity, the file name is set vhost.conf
[root@localhost httpd]# ls
conf conf.d conf.modules.d logs modules run
[root@localhost httpd]# ls -l
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 37 Dec 12 14:45 conf
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 82 Dec 12 14:45 conf.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 146 Dec 12 14:45 conf.modules.d
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 19 Dec 12 14:45 logs -> ../../var/log/httpd
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 Dec 12 14:45 modules -> ../../usr/lib64/httpd/modules
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Dec 12 14:45 run -> /run/httpd
[root@localhost httpd]#
[root@localhost httpd]# cd conf
[root@localhost conf]# ls
httpd.conf magic
[root@localhost conf]# mkdir extra
[root@localhost conf]# cd extra/
[root@localhost extra]# ls
[root@localhost extra]#
/etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf file
- Refers to all the ip addresses with over 80 ports are accessible
DocumentRoot "is a web site directory"
ServerName "site services domain name"
Errorlog "specify the error log path"
CustomLog "specify the access log path" followed common extensible tool
to specify detailed configuration directory name, can be found in the parent directory of the web site directory
allows all users access to all hosts behind // thus will expand more configuration properties[root@localhost extra]# vim vhost.conf 1 <VirtualHost *:80> 2 DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/kgc" 3 ServerName www.kgc.com 4 Errorlog "logs/www.kgc.com.error_log" 5 Customlog "logs/www.kgc.comaccess_log" common 6 <Directory "/var/www/html"> 7 Require all granted 8 </Directory> 9 </VirtualHost> 10 11 <VirtualHost *:80> 12 DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/accp" 13 ServerName www.accp.com 14 Errorlog "logs/www.accp.com.error_log" 15 Customlog "logs/www.accp.comaccess_log" common 16 <Directory "/var/www/html"> 17 Require all granted 18 </Directory> 19 </VirtualHost>
### 2.1.5 创建两个web站点的首页，首页文件index.html在/var/www/html下面的站点目录中
```bash
[root@localhost extra]# cd /var/
[root@localhost var]# ls
account cache db games kerberos local log named opt run target www
adm crash empty gopher lib lock mail nis preserve spool tmp yp
[root@localhost var]# cd www
[root@localhost www]# ls
cgi-bin html
[root@localhost www]# cd html
[root@localhost html]# ls
[root@localhost html]# mkdir kgc accp
[root@localhost html]# ls
accp kgc
[root@localhost html]# echo "this is accp web" > accp/index.html
[root@localhost html]# echo "this is kgc web" > kgc/index.html
[root@localhost html]# tree accp kgc
accp
└── index.html
kgc
└── index.html
0 directories, 2 files
[root@localhost html]#
2.1.7 focus on: the need to route extra added to the master configuration file, when you can start to identify
[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
354 Include conf/extra/vhost.conf2.1.8 open the service to view the service port
[root@localhost html]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost html]# netstat -natp | grep httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 79262/httpd 2.1.9 verify the client
Three: Construction of Web Hosting ---- based on experimental port
More experimental basis, the port does not make sense virtual host configuration
3.1.1 modify virtual web host's profile, increase the parameter a 8080 port, in order to distinguish the site, you need to modify the file name for the site to distinguish, not covered
[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf
//复制修改增加
11 <VirtualHost *:8080>
12 DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/kgc02"
13 ServerName www.kgc02.com
14 Errorlog "logs/www.kgc02.com.error_log"
15 Customlog "logs/www.kgc02.comaccess_log" common
16 <Directory "/var/www/html">
17 Require all granted
18 </Directory>
19 </VirtualHost>
[root@localhost html]# ls
accp kgc
[root@localhost html]# cp -p kgc kgc02
cp: omitting directory ‘kgc’
[root@localhost html]# mkdir kgc02
[root@localhost html]# echo "this is web kgc02" >kgc02/index.html
[root@localhost html]#
3.1.2 adds port, you also increase the listen address, listen address changes in the main configuration file / etc / httpd / conf / httpd / conf in
[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
41 Listen 192.168.247.150:80
42 Listen 192.168.247.150:8080
43 #Listen 80
3.1.3 restart the service, verify that the interface is open
[root@localhost html]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost html]# netstat -napt | grep httpd
tcp 0 0 192.168.247.150:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 91814/httpd
tcp 0 0 192.168.247.150:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 91814/httpd 3.1.4 Check verification, the same IP address, the port is not the same
Four: build IP-based virtual hosting ---- different experiments
4.1.1 Adding card, create several different IP addresses of virtual web hosts need to increase the number of card
[root@localhost html]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.247.150 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.247.255
ens36: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.247.158 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.247.255
Verify that the network Networking
4.1.2 modify virtual web host's profile
Note: When the virtual web host servers using different IP, IP address / etc / httpd / conf / extra / vhost.conf file required concrete to a fixed IP address, then the * wildcard can not avoid confusion
[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/extra/vhost.conf
<VirtualHost 192.168.247.158:80>
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/accpaccp"
ServerName www.accpaccp.com
Errorlog "logs/www.accpaccp.com.error_log"
Customlog "logs/www.accpaccp.comaccess_log" common
<Directory "/var/www/html">
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>4.1.3 Create a new virtual web site directory
[root@localhost html]# ls
accp accp02 kgc kgc02
[root@localhost html]# mkdir accpaccp
[root@localhost html]# echo "this is 192.168.247.158" > accpaccp/index.html4.1.4 modify the main configuration file, increasing the listen address
[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Listen 192.168.247.158:80Service httpd restart 4.1.5
[root@localhost html]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost html]# netstat -natp | grep httpd
tcp 0 0 192.168.247.150:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 123662/httpd
tcp 0 0 192.168.247.158:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 123662/httpd
tcp 0 0 192.168.247.150:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 123662/httpd 4.1.6 Client Authentication
##### Because there is no configuration dns resolution, you need to enter the IP address to enter the site, then increase the ip address of the domain name resolution
4.1.7 modify configuration files dns
/etc/named.rfc1912.zones file
[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "accpaccp.com" IN {
type master;
file "accpaccp.com.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};/ Var / named / directory, creating a region corresponding to a data file
[root@localhost html]# cd /var/named
[root@localhost named]# ls
accp.com.zone data dynamic kgc.com.zone named.ca named.empty named.localhost named.loopback slaves
[root@localhost named]# cp -p accp.com.zone accpaccp.com.zone
[root@localhost named]# vim accpaccp.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA @ rname.invalid. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS @
A 127.0.0.1
www IN A 192.168.247.1584.1.8 restart the DNS service
[root@localhost named]# systemctl restart named
Five: Create a hyperlink within the site
5.1 Modify Home
[root@localhost named]# vim /var/www/html/accpaccp/index.html
<html>
<head>
<title>hello world</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><a href="http://www.accp.com/index.html">hello world</a></h1>
</body>
</html>5.2 client test, of course, also need to restart the HTTPD Service
[root@localhost named]# systemctl restart httpd
