Python language supports the following types of operators
- Arithmetic Operators
- Comparison (relationship) operator
- Assignment Operators
- Logical Operators
- Bitwise Operators
- Member operator
- Identity operator
- Operator Precedence
Arithmetic Operators Python
The following assumptions variable a is 10, b is variable 21:
| Operators | description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| + | Plus - two objects are added | a + b output 31 |
| - | Save - to give a number to another number or a negative number by subtracting | a - b output -11 |
| * | By - multiplying two numbers or returns the string to be repeated several times a | 210 outputs a * b |
| / | In addition - x divided by y | b / a 2.1 output |
| % | Modulo - returns the remainder of division | b% a 1 output |
| ** | Power - Returns x to the power of y | a ** b 10 to the power of 21 |
| // | Take divisible - close to the rounded down integer divisor | >>> 9//2
4 >>> -9//2 -5 |
The following examples demonstrate the operation of all the arithmetic operators Python:
Python comparison operators
The following assumptions variable a is 10, b is variable 20:
| Operators | description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| == | Equal - compare objects for equality | (A == b) returns False. |
| != | It is not equal to - compare whether two objects are not equal | (A! = B) return True. |
| > | Greater than - Returns whether x is greater than y | (A> b) return False. |
| < | Less than - Returns x is less than y. All comparison operators return 1 for true, 0 for false returns. True and False, respectively, which is equivalent to the special variables. Note the capitalization of these variable names. | (A <b) return True. |
| >= | Not less than - equal Returns whether x is greater than y. | (A> = b) returns False. |
| <= | Or less - Returns whether x is less than or equal y. | (A <= b) return True. |
The following example demonstrates the operation of all Python comparison operators:
Python assignment operator
The following assumptions variable a is 10, b is variable 20:
| Operators | description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| = | Simple assignment operator | c = a + b a + b is the assignment of the operation result c |
| += | Addition assignment operator | c + = a is equivalent to c = c + a |
| -= | Subtraction assignment operator | c - = a is equivalent to c = c - a |
| *= | Multiplication assignment operator | equivalent to c * = a c = c * a |
| /= | Division assignment operator | c / = a is equivalent to c = c / a |
| %= | Modulo assignment operator | c% = a is equivalent to c = c% a |
| **= | Power assignment operator | c ** = a is equivalent to c = c ** a |
| //= | Assignment operator take divisible | c // = a is equivalent to c = c // a |
The following examples demonstrate the operation of all the Python the assignment operator:
Bitwise Operators Python
The bitwise operators is considered in binary digital calculated. Python bitwise algorithm is as follows:
| Operators | description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| & | Bitwise AND operator: two values involved in operations, if the corresponding two bits are 1, then the 1-bit result is 0 otherwise | (A & b) output 12, a binary interpretation: 00001100 |
| | | Or bitwise operators: two long as the corresponding binary bit is a 1, it is a result bit. | (A | b) output 61, a binary interpretation: 00111101 |
| ^ | Bitwise exclusive OR operator: When two different corresponding binary, the result is a | (A ^ b) output 49, a binary interpretation: 00110001 |
| ~ | Bitwise operators: for each binary data bit inverse, i.e., the 1 to 0, the 0 to 1. similarly ~ x -x-1 | (~ A) -61 output, binary interpreter: 11000011, in the form of a complement to unsigned binary number. |
| << | Mobile operators left: each binary operand to the left a number of bits of all, the number of bits of a mobile "<<" specifies the right, discarding the upper, lower 0s. | output a << 2 240, the binary interpretation: 11110000 |
| >> | Right Mobile Operators: The various binary operand is ">>" All right a number of bits left, ">>" the number of bits specified right | a >> 2 输出结果 15 ，二进制解释： 0000 1111 |
以下实例演示了Python所有位运算符的操作：
Python逻辑运算符
Python语言支持逻辑运算符，以下假设变量 a 为 10, b为 20:
| 运算符 | 逻辑表达式 | 描述 | 实例 |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | x and y | 布尔"与" - 如果 x 为 False，x and y 返回 False，否则它返回 y 的计算值。 | (a and b) 返回 20。 |
| or | x or y | 布尔"或" - 如果 x 是 True，它返回 x 的值，否则它返回 y 的计算值。 | (a or b) 返回 10。 |
| not | not x | 布尔"非" - 如果 x 为 True，返回 False 。如果 x 为 False，它返回 True。 | not(a and b) 返回 False |
以上实例输出结果：
Python成员运算符
除了以上的一些运算符之外，Python还支持成员运算符，测试实例中包含了一系列的成员，包括字符串，列表或元组。
| 运算符 | 描述 | 实例 |
|---|---|---|
| in | 如果在指定的序列中找到值返回 True，否则返回 False。 | x 在 y 序列中 , 如果 x 在 y 序列中返回 True。 |
| not in | 如果在指定的序列中没有找到值返回 True，否则返回 False。 | x 不在 y 序列中 , 如果 x 不在 y 序列中返回 True。 |
以下实例演示了Python所有成员运算符的操作：
Python身份运算符
身份运算符用于比较两个对象的存储单元
| 运算符 | 描述 | 实例 |
|---|---|---|
| is | is 是判断两个标识符是不是引用自一个对象 | x is y, 类似 id(x) == id(y) , 如果引用的是同一个对象则返回 True，否则返回 False |
| is not | is not 是判断两个标识符是不是引用自不同对象 | x is not y ， 类似 id(a) != id(b)。如果引用的不是同一个对象则返回结果 True，否则返回 False。 |
注： id() 函数用于获取对象内存地址。
以下实例演示了Python所有身份运算符的操作：
is 与 == 区别：
is 用于判断两个变量引用对象是否为同一个， == 用于判断引用变量的值是否相等。
Python运算符优先级
以下表格列出了从最高到最低优先级的所有运算符：
| 运算符 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| ** | 指数 (最高优先级) |
| ~ + - | 按位翻转, 一元加号和减号 (最后两个的方法名为 +@ 和 -@) |
| * / % // | 乘，除，取模和取整除 |
| + - | 加法减法 |
| >> << | 右移，左移运算符 |
| & | 位 'AND' |
| ^ | | 位运算符 |
| <= < > >= | 比较运算符 |
| <> == != | 等于运算符 |
| = %= /= //= -= += *= **= | 赋值运算符 |
| is is not | 身份运算符 |
| in not in | 成员运算符 |
| not and or | 逻辑运算符 |
xMind小结：
参考资料：
https://www.runoob.com/python3/python3-data-type.html