And Chinese cultural affinity that many people in modern Western writers, but from love and obsession extent, I am afraid that no one can be compared with Boerhesi Argentina. He read translations by Western Sinologists of the "History of Chinese Literature", "Book of Changes" and Lao Tzu's "Tao Te Ching" Especially Chuang Tzu, Han Yu's prose, as well as "Water Margin", "Strange," "Dream of Red Mansions "and other novels, at the same time, he also China as a theme or background created a lot of works, such as poetry," paint stick, "prose" Great Wall and the book "," time Newspeak "," Palace of prophecy, "novel" Lady pirate widow, "" trail forked garden ", in addition, there is a speech about Chinese Buddhism (income" Tanabata talk "). Although Boerhesi a soft spot for Chinese culture and have deep study, but that does not mean that he fully understand the Chinese. On the contrary, unlike some researchers have pointed out, he has to demonize China or "otherness" of the tendency. Objectively speaking, Boerhesi to understand their loyalty in China, with their world view depicts the Chinese, with their genius imagination constructs the Chinese culture. In an interview with Chinese culture in Boerhesi for us to show the commonality and individuality merging of different cultures.
Borges imagined China
Borges his life longing for China, he said his dream to set foot on Chinese soil, want to reach out and touch the Great Wall of masonry, this strong feeling distant empire. But for various reasons none to death row. Therefore, China in Borges stay there forever in the imagination state.
As we all know, Borges about his 56-year-old has been totally blind. His perception of the real world more dependent on someone else's presentation description or books. So even if he had the opportunity to come to China, his experience of Chinese culture will still be stuck in an indirect state. As he joked says: "God in such a wonderful satire / at the same time gave me books and blindness ......" On the other hand, from the bottom of my heart, maybe he would like distant watching China, Chinese culture fantasy. He personally afraid to touch reality will destroy his perfect imagination. Therefore, Borges, the Chinese imagination than the reality of China is more attractive. If this wonderful illusion of reality are likely to be changed or even shattered, then he will choose to maintain the status quo. Third, the writer's culture to accept more of a spiritual experience. Borges, the coming China, it did not matter much, he does not need too vivid reality, he will give himself left a space full of imagination and creativity.
All this determines the Borges China only, it must be imagined. It is precisely because, in the eyes of the Chinese Borges bit strange.
The first is fresh. China is a "New World" for him. Just as we are full of curiosity, like the distant Latin America, Jorge Luis Borges of China also full of fantasy. His Chinese writers in Argentina or introduce things that are not seen in the Chinese language. He gave "Strange" wrote the preface, wrote: "This is the Magic Kingdom, or more precisely, the nightmare maze of galleries and the resurrection of the dead; visit our stranger instantly became. a tiger; quite sweet girl was actually a green face mask of the devil; ladder disappeared into the sky, another plane sank in the well, because there is the executioner, hateful judges and a clerk's living room. "
Second is singular. He found that Chinese people's thinking is very strange. He fictional a "heavenly browse through a wide Benevolence" in the "analysis of the language of John Wilkins," a paper and "quoted" a one paragraph about animal classification chart that the animals were divided into: (a) all belong to the emperor a, (b) coated sesame oil, (c) docile, (d) piglets, (e) edge siren plug, (f) the legendary, (g) stray dogs, (h) according to the present classification included, (i) mad, (j) little more numerous, (k) with a very fine camel to the stroke, (l) and the like, (m) just broke tank a, (n) from a distance, like flies. This classification is certainly unscientific, is unsystematic, but it is this haphazard thinking is where his interest. He said: "I recorded Wilkins, (or apocryphal) Chinese encyclopaedia unknown author who arbitrariness and books Brussels Institute; apparently none of the classification of all things is not random, suspect reasons. it is simple: we do not know what all things "we need not pursue this taxonomy of the origin and true or not, at least we can determine, he is treated as such Chinese people's way of thinking.
The third is a mystery. This should be Borges imagination of China as a whole. It contains several impression above, but highlights the unfathomable to the ancient Chinese empire, the intractable mysteries strong feelings. His fame as "trail forked Garden" is the best proof. The novel is not to tell a detective story of suspense and mystery but want to explore a variety of possible philosophical fiction world. Borges does not want to attract readers plot twists and turns, but with the life phenomenon interlocking unsolvable explain the nature of the world.
Borges interest in China just from its convoluted, the country has a lot of things that he was excited but confused, but one of the most complex maze that is the kind of feeling can not find the exit, and perhaps this is his China the overall cultural understanding. Although the birth of the "maze image" does not come from China, but it has become synonymous with Borges in the eyes of Chinese philosophy or culture. Such as "Lady Pirate Widow" is a fable with a mystery novel properties. Why is this the deadliest female pirate suddenly lay down their arms at the moment to accept the emperor's amnesty, this mentality probably only find the answer in Chinese culture; in the essay "The Great Wall and the book", he is still concerned about China's First Emperor the construction of the Great Wall and book burning mysterious reason, wrote: "the First Emperor of the Great Wall built in the Empire, probably because he knows that it is easy to destroy the empire; he burn books, probably because he knows that books are sacred, in other words , the book taught the whole universe and everyone's spirit. perhaps, the burning of books and fortification is some secret way cancel each other's actions. " Borges seems, Qin Shi Huang behind these actions there is a deeper meaning that "in the context of space and time of the Great Wall in the category of book burning barrier is designed to prevent the death of magic."
Borges Chinese imagination
The most valuable content is the Chinese way of imagination or way of thinking of the Chinese people in Borges imagined China. On many occasions, he referred to "Dreaming" story. He Chuang Tzu known as the fathers "fantasy literature". He said that China has a scepter root Liang Dynasty kings, will be cut by half when passed to the new king, and transmits and half, has been handed down. He later buy China's "paint stick" perhaps for scepter of faith and fascination of these root fickle.
I looked at that cane reminded of that disillusioned; he dreamed that he turned into a butterfly, then do not know their own dream of turning into a butterfly or a butterfly dreaming butterfly became disillusioned.
However, there was some connection between us. Not unlikely, that someone already presupposes this association.
The world needs is not impossible this association.
- "Paint cane"
French scholar Roger Caillois in the "Selected fantasy literature," a book of fantasy literature since ancient times been classified, counted 15 species, of which two types of China-related, item one is 6: "about the ghost, mystery novels such as China"; the second is item 15: "relating to conversion or combined reality and dream," such works in Caillois view, the most rare. It may be precisely the kind of work, Dreaming stories fall into this category, as well as "Dream of Red Mansions" is a fantasyland. Borges believes that "Dream of Red Mansions" in "desperate" realism "surprise" to the myth ( "Stones") and fantasy ( "Void territory") and may become credible.
Thus, Borges most love, admire most is the "Living" imagination the way Chinese culture. In that article on Wilkins's he concocted an "Encyclopedia of China", and pointed out that thinking features running through them is "arbitrary" and "conjecture of." Although this expression is not clear, but it is not difficult to understand his intentions, is this freedom of thinking, subjective, holistic and mystery. This "Encyclopedia of China" Although Borges conjecture, but he must have a taste of Chinese thought or imagined such features from other areas, so it may take this as evidence. Referring to his other discussion about China, I think it might be "Book of Changes" and "Number Theory" Dreaming of thinking and "Living" Imagine inspired Borges. It is in this article, he referred to Diderot's "decimal system", in fact, he is saying is not the Diderot but Leibniz, Leibniz Thoughts on China because it is "easy by "proposed" binary method. " Thus, in any case of mistaken identity Borges certain writings and opinions, one thing is very clear, China's "arbitrary" thinking has a significant impact on him.
Anyone absorption of foreign culture is mainly master their thinking and not others. It is impossible to Quban with stories of other countries, people, objects. Chinese people's thinking and the West is different is precisely in its emotional than rational characteristics, or the integration of Sense and Sensibility. I think, meandering on the land of China is not optimistic about Borges Great Wall, China gradually shortened the hands of the king's scepter, and that people can dream of butterflies, Borges concern is why the Chinese people to make such difficult and glorious feat -?? painted on Earth such a long arc of a scepter Why would decrease with Flanagan on behalf of the Chinese butterflies really think you
grasp the thinking of a nation, I think it caught the national culture of living soul. Borges is great wisdom, and he absorbed the culture of Chinese or Oriental culture is to seize this fundamental, so it can be used for his achievements he was "fantasy literature" of the modern dream.
However, we should also point out that although this way of thinking has a unique inspiration to the entire world, but it is not all Chinese culture, Chinese culture may not be the most valuable content, but we can say without hesitation that this multidirectional kind of casual way of thinking is indeed Chinese culture the most important content.
China's edge Borges
Borges Why such fascination with China, why so much interest in China's way of thinking, this is not an accidental phenomenon. He said that he had clearly perceived culture is Western culture: "I think that our tradition is all of Western culture, we have the right to have this tradition even than the residents of this or that Western countries have greater rights. "but this does not mean that he does not recognize China's influence on his behalf oriental culture. Just say, China is not the mainstream culture for him, but an important reference. And this reference is conditional, that is, he has always been built on the basis of the traditional Western culture ingrained over to the West of the value scale to measure and examine the oriental culture, Chinese culture, in other words, only the Chinese culture in a some elements of Western culture in particular, will lead him to favor the East China when his own view of the world, the creation of view coincide.
In "explore the Great Wall and other set-Book", Borges had this to say, he said: "...... Great Wall, is a command of the world's most humble nation burned his past history in Caesar have I missed cast a shadow on common land (perhaps it's the nature of the contradiction between the unprecedented scale of construction and destruction). our idea may be naturally occurring, regardless of deliberate speculation. in summary, we may be able to get such an inference: all forms of characteristics that form itself, not in the so-called content in line with Croce's point of view; and Pate had pointed out as early as in 1877, all the arts have sought to obtain the characteristics of music, and music. characteristic is in the form of music, joy, mythology, time, form, some morning and evening in some places, want to say something to us, or what to say, or what to say is that we should not forget the information. this . the essence of revelation species is approaching to the end, perhaps it is aesthetic, "he added:" I see the world as a mystery and the mystery of the reason is that it is beautiful, but I unsolvable when. That the world needs a puzzle. I'm always surprised the world. "" I live in a wonderful world. I mean, I have always been confused by all kinds of things, all kinds of things have surprised me. " China is To his surprise and astonishment of a country.
Borges learn from this culture follows the principles divergent from the content, but in form but in line with the convergence of psychology. His view of the world is mysterious, his view of literature is fantasy, so his favorite Chinese culture reflected in the mystery world, strange phenomena and characteristics of the works, he appreciate the randomness of thinking and text Chinese writers.
Borges absorb Chinese culture's attitude is worth pondering. It must have something he does not pursue, often grab their spirit, but the specific source, he generally is not taken into account. So, we see a lot of phenomenon of mistaken identity. Fable "The King's scepter" in this story from Chuang Tzu: "foot Maul, whichever is half day, ages inexhaustible", but he treated the inventor to the Emperor of Liang. Obviously, Borges seems, the inventor of the scepter who is not important, important is the idea contained therein.
On the other hand, he always whichever is required. "Dream of Red Mansions" as the greatest Chinese classical novels, generous nature of its content is the most important reason to become a classic. However, Borges only to see "fantasyland" because it coincides with his "world is a mystery," the idea of agnosticism. Borges is by no means a simple pessimist, but he discovered the complexity of the world, this is the reason he repeatedly referred to "Dreaming" story.
Borges is known as a modern writer transition from modern to post his feature works naturally modernism. Which explore the mysteries of the world, and love with gusto imagery (such as a mirror of his works, library, labyrinth, etc.) are exactly the same and modernism. And create a maze of imagery and inspiration directly benefit Chinese culture. In my opinion, the whole modernist schools are all in search of a better way to express the essence of the world, the Oriental culture, especially Chinese culture undoubtedly provide them with the most effective inspired Borges even as Han Yu Kafka the second teacher, shows that Chinese culture on modernism had a very significant impact. Of course, the impact and Borges receive the same channels of Chinese culture, China is drawing on the thinking or imagination.
Jorge Luis Borges (Jorge Luis Borges, 1899 Nian 8 24 - June 14, 1986), Argentine poet, novelist, essayist and translator, known as the writer of archeology Family. Born in Buenos Aires (Buenos Aires) a British descent family lawyer. In high school in Geneva, at Cambridge university. Master Britain, France, Germany and other many languages. Literary works covering more areas, including: essays, essays, essays, poetry, literary criticism, literary translation. Among Latin meaningful text and profound philosophy known.
I was always secretly conceived in
heaven should look like the library
Dead, like water and disappeared.