table of Contents
Talking about the understanding and imagination of rail transit
通信1803班
Summary
Abstract: Today's rail transit technology is developing very fast, with the rapid development of my country's economy and society. The scale of our city is already huge. Facing the increasingly crowded city, many city managers have realized that urban rail transit will be a magic weapon to solve urban pain points. Through this period of time, I have learned about our country's urban rail transit, and talked about the status quo, characteristics, and my imagination of rail transit.
Keywords: talk; rail transit; status quo; imagination
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
Since the 21st century, our rail transit technology has developed more and more rapidly. Because rail transit has a series of characteristics such as rapidity, environmental protection, large capacity, and safety, more and more cities adopt rail transit as a solution. Crowded magic weapon. There are many types of rail transit, including the following types: subway system, tram, light rail system, monorail system, magnetic levitation system, etc. Since local governments in China have been vigorously developing rail transit in recent years, more and more Chinese people are enjoying the convenience of rail transit.
Chapter 2 The Past and Current Status of Domestic Rail Transit
2.1 Past
The earliest urban rail transit constructed by New China was in Beijing in the 1950s. It took nearly 10 years for Beijing to build the first phase of the Beijing subway. This is the first subway route in New China. [1] Then in the 1990s, Shanghai and Guangzhou began to build their own subway lines. In the next few decades, China's rail transit industry ushered in a take-off, and more and more cities joined the army.
2.2 Current situation
At present, there are more than 30 cities in my country with subways, and the total mileage has exceeded 2,000 kilometers. This is only the data of the subway, and when we include all the urban rail transit, we will find that the scale of our current rail transit is very huge. Not only is the scale of rail transit very large, but my country's existing rail transit types are also very rich. For example, we have Beijing's subway, Dalian's rapid light rail, Shanghai's maglev, and Chongqing's straddle-type monorail.
In the past ten years, our country has invested hugely in rail transit. During the period from 2010 to 2020 alone, my country’s urban rail transit has increased by nearly 6000 kilometers. The following is the mileage of each city in my country in 2020. Comparison chart. 【2】
Figure 1
From the above figure, we can clearly see that Shanghai, as the vanguard of China's economy, takes the lead, and the operating mileage of rail transit leads other cities. Beijing and Guangzhou are close behind. It can be said that our cities
have invested a lot of money in the construction of rail transit.
The rapid development of urban rail transit today is the result of a relatively deep technological accumulation in our country after so many years of research. Our country's rail system has been introduced from abroad from the original rail transit vehicles, communication systems, control systems, shield machines and other equipment, and has gradually come to today with a relatively complete rail transit industrial system.
Today, my country’s CRRC, BYD and other leading companies in the rail transit industry have gone out of China and entered the world, especially CRRC, as the vanguard of China’s rail transit industry, has basically all the key technologies in rail transit, the most special One point is that he himself developed the world's most advanced supercapacitor, which is characterized by fast charging and more energy storage. This is the key technology for our rail transit development in the future, and we believe that our company will get better and better in the future international competition.
In the future, the development speed of our country's urban rail transit system will inevitably accelerate. Facing urban problems, more cities in our country are building their rail transit systems. And our rich types of rail transportation give us more choices.
2.3 Technology
Automatic guidance: The generalized automatic guidance system is also called AGT, which theoretically includes APM, smart track, straddle monorail (single track APM), PRT and other unmanned automatic guidance systems. It seems that there is no strict definition of automatic guidance in China. In the world, rubber-wheeled rail transportation that is inclined to meet the GOA4 level of unmanned signal system can be regarded as automatic guidance. In this way, a large number of unmanned subways and smart rails in a few cities cannot enter. In this category, Guangan's BYD Yunba can be counted as APM. PRT is a low-volume transportation system and has not yet appeared in urban rail transit systems. Therefore, according to the above definition, only cities that adopt APM (straddle-type single-track or dual-track) are counted. Auto-oriented urban rail transit systems include Guangzhou Zhujiang New City Line (urban rail transit dual-track APM); Shanghai Line 8 Phase III (urban rail transit dual-track APM); Wuhu Metro Line 1 and 2 (urban rail transit single-track APM). [3]
Train automatic driving: In recent years, many urban rail transit lines in China have begun to experiment with fully automatic driving technology. The Hong Kong South Island Line, which opened at the end of 2016, is the first official GOA4 (Grades of Automation 4) level in China Fully automatic driverless lines, the Beijing Yanfang Line and the third phase of Shanghai Line 8 opened this year are planned to achieve "fully automatic operation" after opening to traffic. Nanjing Line 7 is also designed for fully automatic driving. Rail transit autonomous driving technology is relatively mature. As of July 2016, 55 lines in 37 cities around the world have adopted fully automated driving, with an operating mileage of 803 kilometers and 848 stations; that is, nearly a quarter of the 157 rail cities in the world. At least one line in the city runs in fully automatic mode, and the operating mileage accounts for 6% of the total mileage. It is estimated that by 2025, the mileage of fully autonomous rail transit lines will exceed 2,300 kilometers. [4]
Virtual track: Virtual track train, referred to as smart track train, is a road train that runs on the ground virtual track. It is named because its track is not a traditional steel rail but an induction mark laid on the ground with special materials. The virtual rail train is a new type of urban rail transportation. It integrates some of the characteristics of buses, trams and light rail trains. It is a special fusion of car trains and train trains. It will become a new attempt to relieve the pressure on urban road traffic. 【5】
Chapter 3 Imagination
3.1 Technology
I think that the future rail transit will still use electric drive as the power source, and then combine with the automatic control technology to improve the reliability and safety of rail transit. In the future, rail transit must be developed in the direction of unmanned, and the development of our rail transit may be in the direction of interconnection. The current rail transit is basically single-line single-connection, which is efficient for our rail transportation network. Not high enough. Therefore, in the future, various routes within the same urban rail system will achieve technical interconnection. At present, we can also see this trend. For example, recently Chongqing's Metro Line 4 and Ring Line have been interconnected, which is expected to greatly improve the efficiency of urban transportation. In addition, we can predict that the operating cost of urban rail will be further reduced in the future, which depends on more advanced rail transit technology.
3.2 Operation
In the future, rail transit will become more and more open. The development of rail transit cannot rely solely on government operations. In the future, in the rail transit industry, I think we will introduce more social capital to participate in the construction and operation of rail transit. In fact, we are now A great problem is how to realize the sustainable development of rail transit, which is a big problem. Modern New York is a lesson for us. New York has a huge rail transit system, but due to its own operational problems, the rail transit system has become aging. This is a question we all must consider. In the future, the development of our country's rail transit industry must have its own sustainable operation mechanism, so that our cause will continue to move forward.
references
[1] Shang Bin, Zhang Xiaoning. Current status and thinking of China's rail transit[J]. Transportation. 2011
[2] Anonymous. 2020 National High-speed Railway Comparison. https://www.sohu.com/a/396249541_803224, 2020-05- 19 16:00.
[3] Anonymous. There are 33 rail transit-related companies in the 2019 Fortune Global 500, and CRRC is "outstanding", https://www.iyiou.com/p/106965.html, 2019-07- 27 22:18.
[4] Fu Cuiqing, Research on Intercity Rapid Rail Transit Network Planning in the Pearl River Delta Economic Region [J], Urban Rail Transit Research, 2003, (1)
Anonymous, Virtual Rail Transit, https://baike .baidu.com/ite