Disk management
1. The disk of Windows server2008 R2 is divided into two partition types: MBR disk and GPT disk.
MBR disk: It is a standard traditional form. The disk is stored in the MBR (master boot record), and the MBR is located at the front end of the disk. The BOS (Basic Input and Output System) on the motherboard will first read the MBR and transfer control of the computer to the program in the MBR, and then the program will continue to start.
The disk partition representation of a GPT disk is stored in the GPT (GUID partition table), which is also located at the front of the disk, and it has a primary partition table and a backup disk partition table. Failover capabilities are available. GPT disks use EFI as a communication bridge between computer hardware and operating systems. The role played by EFI is similar to the BIOS of MBR disks.
Note: (1) MBR disk partitions can create up to four primary partitions, or three primary partitions and one extended partition. GPT disk partitions can create up to 128 primary partitions. Partitions larger than 2 TB must use GPT disks. (2) You can use the disk management command of the graphical interface to convert an empty MBR disk into a GPT disk, or convert an empty GPT disk into an MBR disk.
2. Dynamic disks can create five types of volumes: simple volumes, spanned volumes, striped volumes, mirrored volumes, and RAID-5
1. A simple volume is composed of space on a single dynamic disk. If there is enough space on the disk, create a simple volume.
2. A spanned volume is composed of disk space on multiple disks. If the required disk is too large for a simple volume, a spanned volume can be created.
3. Striped volumes (RAID-0) store data in stripes on two or more disks. Striped volumes access data faster than simple volumes or spanned volumes. Spanned volumes and striped volumes Volumes are not redundantly backed up.
4. Mirrored volume (RAID-1) copies your data on two disks. To prevent data loss, you can create a mirrored volume to save two copies of all your information.
5. RAID-5 volumes store data in stripes on three or more disks. If some data is lost, RAID-5 volumes provide a way to restore the data.
2. Comparison between dynamic disk and basic disk
Basic disk: The traditional disk system of basic disk. Newly installed hardware in Windows server2008 R2 defaults to basic disk.
Dynamic disk: Dynamic disk supports a variety of special volumes, some of which can improve system access efficiency, some can provide failover functions, and some can expand disk usage space. Supports a variety of special volumes: scalability, high read-write performance, and high reliability. Can be expanded across disks;
Note: 1. A basic disk can only contain 4 partitions, which are up to three primary partitions and one extended partition. The extended partition can contain several logical disks. There is no limit on the number of volumes in a dynamic disk. As long as the disk space allows, you can create any volume in the dynamic disk.
2. Basic disk read and write is relatively stable and small. Dynamic disks provide striped volumes to improve disk read and write performance
3. The primary partition in the dynamic disk can write data; the extended partition cannot write data.
4. NTF hard disk supports single files and permission allocation exceeding 4G, while FAT32 hard disk format cannot support files larger than 4GB.