MIPI interface
Introduction
MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) is one 串行通信接口, mainly used in mobile devices and embedded systems. The interface was developed by the MIPI Alliance, which includes industry-leading semiconductor, mobile device and other companies. The MIPI interface is a high-performance, low-power, and low-cost interface that has become one of the main interfaces in mobile devices and embedded systems.
principle
MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) is a serial communication interface designed for mobile devices and embedded systems, developed by MIPI Alliance (MIPI Alliance), members include industry-leading semiconductor, mobile device and other companies. The MIPI interface is a high-performance, low-power, and low-cost interface that has become one of the main interfaces in mobile devices and embedded systems. This article will introduce the principle of MIPI interface in detail, including its communication method, transmission rate, data encoding format, low power consumption characteristics, multiplexing and power management, etc.
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Communication method of MIPI interface
The communication method of the MIPI interface is to use serial communication to transmit data. This way can greatly reduce the number of lines during data transmission, thus making the system simpler and more reliable. The MIPI interface uses differential signal transmission, that is, each signal has an opposite signal corresponding to it, which can effectively cancel noise and interference. The communication method of the MIPI interface also supports multiplexing, and multiple devices can share the same interface, thereby saving system cost and space.
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Transmission rate of MIPI interface
The transmission rate of the MIPI interface is usually between several hundred Mbps to several Gbps, which makes it possible to support the transmission of high-definition video and high-quality audio. The transmission rate of the MIPI interface depends on the physical layer protocol used. The MIPI Alliance defines a variety of physical layer protocols, including MIPI
D-PHY, MIPI C-PHY, and MIPI M-PHY. MIPI
D-PHY is a low-power, low-cost physical layer protocol that supports a maximum transmission rate of 1.5Gbps; MIPI
C-PHY is a high-bandwidth, low-power physical layer protocol that supports a maximum transmission rate of 6Gbps ; MIPI
M-PHY is a high-performance, high-reliability physical layer protocol that supports a maximum transmission rate of 11.6Gbps. -
Data encoding format of MIPI interface
The MIPI interface supports different data encoding formats, including RGB, YUV, and RAW, etc. RGB is a common color coding format used to represent the three primary colors of red, green, and blue; YUV is a coding format that separates brightness and chrominance, which can effectively compress the amount of data, thereby saving bandwidth and storage space; RAW is a An uncompressed raw data format that provides the highest quality image data. The MIPI interface also supports different data bit widths, including 8-bit, 10-bit, and 12-bit, etc., to meet different application requirements.
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Low power consumption features of MIPI interface
The MIPI interface has the characteristics of low power consumption, which can reduce power consumption by reducing the transmission rate and voltage. The MIPI interface also supports multiple power management modes, which can automatically enter a low-power mode when the device is not in use, thereby extending battery life. The MIPI Alliance has defined a variety of power management protocols, including MIPI
SLIMbus and MIPI System Power Management Interface (SPMI). MIPI
SLIMbus is a power management protocol for audio, touch screen and other low-speed data transmission, supporting multiple power management modes, such as fast startup, sleep mode and complete shutdown; MIPI SPMI is a power management protocol for processors and other
systems The power management protocol of the component supports multiple power management modes, such as energy saving mode, fast startup and sleep mode, etc. -
Multiplexing and power management of the MIPI interface
The multiplexing function of the MIPI interface allows multiple devices to share the same interface, saving system cost and space. The power management function of the MIPI interface allows the system to automatically enter a low-power mode when not in use, thereby extending battery life. The MIPI Alliance also defines some protocols for multiplexing and power management, such as MIPI
RFFE, MIPI HSI, and MIPI UniPro. MIPI
RFFE is a protocol for multiplexing that supports up to 16 devices sharing the same interface; MIPI
HSI is a protocol for high-speed data transmission that supports up to 4 devices sharing the same interface; MIPI
UniPro is a protocol for multiple data transfers, supporting up to 8 devices sharing the same interface. -
Application of MIPI interface
The MIPI interface is widely used in mobile devices and embedded systems, including smartphones, tablets, notebooks, digital cameras, in-vehicle entertainment systems, and more. The MIPI interface can be used to transmit camera images, touch screen input, audio and video transmission, etc. In addition, the MIPI interface can also work with other interfaces, such as USB, HDMI, and DisplayPort. The application scenarios of the MIPI interface include:
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Camera image transmission
The MIPI CSI (Camera Serial Interface) interface is one of the main interfaces for camera transmission in mobile devices. Cameras usually use the MIPI
CSI interface to transmit image data. The MIPI CSI interface supports multiple data encoding formats, including YUV, RGB, and RAW. The MIPI
CSI interface can be used to transmit the image data of the front camera and the rear camera, and supports the transmission of high-definition video and high-quality audio. The MIPI
CSI interface also supports multiplexing and power management, allowing multiple devices to share the same interface, saving system cost and space. -
Touch screen input transmission
The MIPI DSI (Display Serial Interface) interface can be used to transmit touch screen input signals and video signals. Touch screens usually use the MIPI
DSI interface to transmit touch screen input signals. The MIPI DSI interface can also transmit video signals and touch screen input signals simultaneously, saving system cost and space. The MIPI
DSI interface supports multiple data encoding formats, including RGB, YUV, and RAW. The MIPI
DSI interface also supports multiplexing and power management, allowing multiple devices to share the same interface, saving system cost and space. -
Audio and Video Transmission
The MIPI interface can be used to transmit audio and video signals, and supports the transmission of high-definition video and high-quality audio. The MIPI interface supports multiple data encoding formats, including RGB, YUV, and RAW. The MIPI interface can also work with other interfaces, such as USB, HDMI, and DisplayPort, to expand its application scenarios.
characteristic
Key features of the MIPI interface include:
- Serial communication transfer data
- Multiplexing supported
- high transfer rate
- Support for different data encoding formats
- low power consumption
- Support multiple power management modes
application
The MIPI interface is widely used in mobile devices and embedded systems, including smartphones, tablets, notebooks, digital cameras, in-vehicle entertainment systems, and more. The MIPI interface can be used to transmit camera images, touch screen input, audio and video transmission, etc. In addition, the MIPI interface can also work with other interfaces, such as USB, HDMI, and DisplayPort.
Application of MIPI CSI interface
The MIPI CSI (Camera Serial Interface) interface is one of the main interfaces for camera transmission in mobile devices. Cameras usually use the MIPI CSI interface to transmit image data. The MIPI CSI interface supports multiple data encoding formats, including YUV, RGB, and RAW.
The following is a sample code for the MIPI CSI interface:
// 初始化MIPI CSI接口
mipi_csi_init();
// 配置MIPI CSI接口
mipi_csi_config(1280, 720, MIPI_CSI_YUV);
// 传输图像数据
mipi_csi_transfer(image_data);
Application 1: Smartphone camera
The most common application of the MIPI CSI interface is camera transmission in smartphones. A smartphone usually includes a front camera and a rear camera, both of which use the MIPI CSI interface to transmit image data. The MIPI CSI interface supports multiple data encoding formats, including YUV, RGB and RAW, etc., and can transmit high-definition video and high-quality audio.
Application 2: Tablet Camera
Similar to smartphones, cameras in tablets use the MIPI CSI interface to transmit image data. Tablets typically have larger screens than smartphones and therefore require higher resolution image data. The MIPI CSI interface can meet this demand and support the transmission of high-resolution image data.
Application 3: Digital Camera
The MIPI CSI interface can also be used for camera transmission in digital cameras. Digital cameras usually require higher quality image data, and the high bandwidth and high quality of the MIPI CSI interface can meet this demand. Digital cameras can also use the MIPI CSI interface to transmit audio data to support sound when recording video.
Application 4: Car Entertainment System
The MIPI CSI interface can also be used for camera transmission in car entertainment systems. Car entertainment systems usually require the transmission of high-definition video and high-quality audio, and the MIPI CSI interface can meet this demand. The in-vehicle entertainment system can also use the MIPI CSI interface to transmit other image data, such as image data from an in-vehicle surveillance camera.
Application 5: Machine Vision
The MIPI CSI interface can also be used for camera transmission in machine vision applications. Machine vision applications often require higher resolution, higher frame rate, and lower latency image data, and the MIPI CSI interface can meet this demand. Machine vision applications can also use the MIPI CSI interface to transmit data from other sensors, such as radar and laser sensors.
summary
The MIPI CSI interface is one of the main interfaces for camera transmission in mobile devices, and can be used to transmit camera image data. The MIPI CSI interface supports multiple data encoding formats, including YUV, RGB and RAW, etc., and can transmit high-definition video and high-quality audio. The application scenarios of the MIPI CSI interface include smartphones, tablets, digital cameras, in-vehicle entertainment systems, and machine vision.
Application of MIPI DSI interface
The MIPI DSI (Display Serial Interface) interface can be used to transmit touch screen input signals and video signals. Touch screens usually use the MIPI DSI interface to transmit touch screen input signals. The MIPI DSI interface can also transmit video signals and touch screen input signals simultaneously, saving system cost and space.
The following is a sample code for the MIPI DSI interface:
// 初始化MIPI DSI接口
mipi_dsi_init();
// 配置MIPI DSI接口
mipi_dsi_config(1280, 720, MIPI_DSI_RGB);
// 传输视频信号和触摸屏输入信号
mipi_dsi_transfer(video_data, touch_data);
Application 1: Smartphone touch screen
The most common application of the MIPI DSI interface is the transmission of touch screen input in smartphones. Smartphones usually use the MIPI DSI interface to transmit touch screen input signals. The MIPI DSI interface supports multiple data encoding formats, including RGB, YUV, and RAW, and can transmit high-definition video and high-quality audio.
Application 2: Tablet PC Display
Similar to smartphones, displays in tablets use the MIPI DSI interface to transfer image data. Tablets typically have larger screens than smartphones and therefore require higher resolution image data. The MIPI DSI interface can meet this demand and support the transmission of high-resolution image data.
Application 3: Smart Watch Display
The MIPI DSI interface can also be used for display transmission in smart watches. Smart watches usually require small size, high resolution and low power consumption displays, MIPI DSI interface can meet this demand. The MIPI DSI interface can also transmit image data in a low-power manner, thereby extending battery life.
Application 4: Automotive Dashboard Display
The MIPI DSI interface can also be used for display transmission in automotive dashboards. Automotive dashboards often require high-brightness, high-contrast, and anti-glare displays, which MIPI DSI interfaces can meet. The MIPI DSI interface can also support multi-touch input for a richer user interaction experience.
Application 5: VR/AR glasses display
The MIPI DSI interface can also be used for display transmission in VR/AR glasses. VR/AR glasses usually require high resolution, high frame rate and low latency displays for a more realistic virtual reality experience. The MIPI DSI interface can meet this need and can support multi-touch input for a richer user interaction experience.
summary
The MIPI DSI interface is an interface for transmitting touch screen input signals and video signals, which can be used for display transmission in mobile devices and embedded systems. The MIPI DSI interface supports multiple data encoding formats, including RGB, YUV, and RAW, and can transmit high-definition video and high-quality audio. The application scenarios of the MIPI DSI interface include smartphones, tablets, smart watches, car dashboards, and VR/AR glasses.
in conclusion
MIPI interface is a serial communication interface widely used in mobile devices and embedded systems. Its principle is to use serial communication to transmit data, which can greatly reduce system complexity and cost, and also improve system reliability and flexibility. sex. MIPI interfaces are widely used in camera image transmission, touch screen input, and audio and video transmission.