List the mathematical model, use oxygen 17 isotope, analyze the composition of air pollutants, write formulas, variable names, scope of application, advantages and limitations...

Answer: Mathematical models can be used to analyze the composition of atmospheric pollutants. One of the commonly used ones is the oxygen 17 isotope model. The formula of this model is: X = (O17/O16) air – (O17/O16) std, where X is the oxygen 17 isotope ratio, O17 and O16 represent the isotopes of oxygen 17 and oxygen 16, respectively, and air and std represent the ratio of the atmosphere and standard air. The advantage of this model is that it can quickly and accurately analyze the composition of atmospheric pollutants, but the limitation is that it cannot accurately determine the source of pollution.