No matter what software you download, it is best to set up a separate folder
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VMware download
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VMware Workstation Pro installation
Always fool installation
You can find the license key online
Right-click the icon on the desktop and select properties, set it to always run as an administrator
Click New Virtual Machine
and select Typical
CentOS download
CentOS mirror download
Select image file location
Set the account username and password
, choose to store the virtual disk as a single file,
and then click Yes
Xshell 7 download
is a powerful terminal emulator that can be used to connect to remote servers and perform command line operations
WinSCP Download
WinSCP download for secure file transfer between local computer and remote server
linux command
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What type of files do the various font colors represent?
Green: Executable files
Red: Compressed files or package files Blue: Refers to directories
White: General files, text files, configuration files
Light blue: Link files, mainly files created with the ln command Flashing red
: Link files have problems
Yellow: Device files
Gray: Other files
- How to view the files in the current directory in linux:
ls -al - How to view the full path of the current directory in linux:
pwd - How to create a new directory:
mkdir - How to delete a directory:
rmdir - How to create a new file:
touch - How to delete a file:
rm - How to copy a file:
cp - How to move a file:
mv - How to view the content of a text file:
cat、head、tail、more、less - How to find a file:
find 、locate 、grep -r - How to create a new user:
useradd - How to delete a user:
userdel - How to change a user's password:
passwd - How to view all users in the system:
getent passwd - How to check your username:
whoami - How to modify file permissions:
chmod - How to view the current working path:
pwd - How to add content to a text file:
echo - How to modify the content in the text file:
vi - How to find by file type:
find 、file - What are the common file types: ordinary files, directory files, directory files
What is the difference between a soft link and a hard link
? The creation methods are different: a soft link creates a new file pointing to the source file, while a hard link creates a new directory entry pointing to the source file inode.
Different security: soft links have their own inode value and permission settings, if the source file is deleted, the soft link will be invalid, but the hard link will not be affected.
Cross-filesystem support is different: hard links can only be created within the same filesystem, while soft links can be created between different filesystems.
The support for directories is different: soft links can point to directories, but hard links cannot create links to directories.
The file name length and size limit are different: because a soft link creates a new file, there is no limit to the file name length, while a hard link has a file name length and size limit.
Soft links can be used for some directories that need to be changed frequently, while hard links can avoid accidentally deleting files and save storage space.
What should be paid attention to when using the rm command to delete a directory?
The directory must be empty: the command can be used to delete a directory only if it is empty rm. Otherwise, the system will prompt "Directory not empty" error message. If you want to delete a non-empty directory, you need to use rm -rthe command to delete it recursively.
Operation authority: For the directory to be deleted, the current user must have the corresponding operation authority. If the current user does not have permission to delete the directory, you need to use the superuser (root) to delete it.
Be careful: rmthe command to delete a directory will delete it directly, without prompting whether to confirm the deletion. Therefore, rmwhen using the command to delete a directory, special care is required to avoid deleting important files or directories by mistake.
Back up important data: Before deleting a directory, you should back up important data or files to prevent recovery after accidental deletion.
To sum up, it is necessary to be cautious when deleting a directory, and follow the principle of "think twice before acting" to avoid unnecessary losses caused by misoperation.
When using the mv command, what is the difference between whether the target file exists or not?
If the target file does not exist, the source file will be renamed to the target file name (that is, the file is moved). For example: mv file1.txt /home/user1/will file1.txtmove to /home/user1/the directory.
If the target file exists and is a file, the target file is deleted first, and then the source file is renamed to the target file name. For example: mv file1.txt file2.txtwill be file1.txtrenamed to file2.txt, if file2.txtalready exists, will be deleted first file2.txt, and then file1.txtrenamed to file2.txt.
If the target file exists and is a directory, the source file will be moved to the target directory. For example: mv file1.txt /home/user1/dir1/will move file1.txtto /home/user1/dir1/the directory, if the target directory does not exist, an error message will be prompted.
In short, when using mvthe command, the existence or non-existence of the target file will affect the operation result, so you need to pay attention.