Install Ubuntu-server system on PVE virtualization platform

1. Introduction to Ubuntu

1.1 Introduction to Ubuntu

Ubuntu is a desktop application-based operating system based on Debian Linux. It covers word processing, email, software development tools and Web services, etc. It is free for users to download, use and share.

1.2 Ubuntu version

The Ubuntu distribution mainly provides the following versions:

• Ubuntu Desktop: A major release for desktop computers.
• Ubuntu Server: The version suitable for servers.

1.3 ubuntu naming rules

• ubuntu naming rules: the first two digits are the last two digits of the year of release, the last two digits are the month of release, separated by an English decimal point. LTS means long-term support version, which means that ubuntu will maintain and update this version within a certain period of time.

• Ubuntu releases a non-LTS version every six months, an LTS version every two years, and each LTS has a 5-year maintenance period.

• Ubuntu also has a code name, naming its own versions in alphabetical order. Each version of the code name is composed of two words, the first word is the animal name in alphabetical order, and the second word is the adjective in alphabetical order. For example, the code name of Ubuntu 20.04 is "Focal Fossa", where "Focal" is an adjective and "Fossa" is an animal name.

Command example:

• 18.04 LTS: Bionic Beaver
• 16.04 LTS: Xenial Xerus (Exotic Squirrel)
• 14.04 LTS: Trusty Tahr
• 12.04 LTS: Precise Pangolin

2. Upload the image to PVE storage

2.1 Check the PVE environment

Log in to PVE to view the PVE status.

2.2 Upload image

Upload mirror ubuntu-22.04.2-live-server-amd64 to PVE storage

3. Create a virtual machine

3.1 Set the virtual machine name

Set the virtual machine name to ubuntu-server

3.2 Operating system settings

Select the image storage location and select the ISO image ubuntu-22.04.2-live-server-amd64.

3.3 System Settings

Just select the default.

3.4 Disk Settings

Select the disk size as 300G, which can be set according to your own needs.

3.5 cpu settings

Set cpu2 Vcpus.

3.6 Memory Settings

Set the memory to 4G.

3.7 Network settings

Just select the default configuration.

3.8 Confirm virtual machine configuration

Check the virtual machine configuration and start creating a new virtual machine.

Fourth, install the operating system

4.1 Start the virtual machine

Start the virtual machine and enter the system installation interface.

4.2 Select system language

Select the system language and select English.

4.3 Continue to install

Select [Continue without updating] (continue without updating)

4.4 Keyboard Layout Settings

Keyboard layout settings, the default settings are fine.

4.5 Select the installation type

You can choose the default installation and simplified installation according to your needs. Here, choose the normal silent installation method.

4.6 Network Settings

The default is to obtain the IP address by DHCP, and you can also manually set the IP address of the network card. Here, manually set the IP address as: 192.168.3.246/24.

4.7 Proxy configuration

There is no configuration here, just do the next step.

4.8 Configure software source

The default here is enough. After the installation system is completed later, change the domestic software source.

4.9 System Partition Settings

The storage configuration of the system can be customized according to your own needs, and the swap partition configuration is 8G.

4.10 Set user name

You can customize the settings. This time, set the user name to jeven, and the root password is random by the system. After the system is installed, set the root password.

4.11 install ssh

Choose to install openssh.

4.12 Install other services

Other services can be installed as needed and can be skipped.

4.13 Start to install the system

The operating system starts to install, wait for the system installation to complete, and restart the virtual machine.

Five, ubuntu initial configuration

5.1 Open the local console

Open the local console to check the system status.

5.2 Check local IP address

Check local IP address

5.3 ssh remote connection to ubuntu

Use the xshell tool to connect to ubuntu

5.4 Set root password

Reset the root password using the following command

sudo -i 

passwd root

5.5 Change the software source of ubuntu

To change the software source of ubuntu, edit the /etc/apt/sources.list file.

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

# deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

5.6 Updating the software source cache

Under the root account authority, run the apt update command to update the software source cache.

 apt update

• View upgradeable software

apt list --upgradable