Leakage is an important issue that affects the stable and reliable operation of urban water supply networks. Among them, in the operation of the urban water supply network, once there is leakage, it will not only affect the water supply quality of the water supply network, resulting in a decrease in water quality, but also changes in water supply pressure and water supply volume, which will affect the quality of water supply services of water supply enterprises. And there is a great adverse effect on the good development of enterprises, which is an important content in the operation and management of water supply pipe network for water supply enterprises.
Analysis of the Main Reasons for the Leakage of Urban Water Supply Pipe Network
Leakage of water supply pipe network caused by measurement error In the leakage of urban water supply pipe network, the leakage of water supply pipe network caused by measurement error is mainly manifested in different metering levels such as factory metering and water sales metering. Among them, in the factory measurement, it is mainly because the measurement accuracy of the measurement instrument itself is low or the configuration of the measurement equipment is not perfect or the operation of the equipment is unstable. The measurement errors in the water sales process mainly include the reduction of the measurement accuracy of the water meter after a period of operation and use, resulting in measurement errors, or the failure to match the corresponding water meter equipment according to the user's water consumption situation, resulting in a water consumption situation lower than the minimum flow rate of the water meter Cannot be measured. In the water sales measurement, the estimation of the reading of the water meter will also lead to the corresponding measurement error.
1. Pipeline network leakage caused by pipeline interface problems
The unqualified connection quality of the pipeline interface is one of the main reasons for the leakage of the urban water supply network, and it is also a weak link in the management of the leakage of the urban water supply network. In the construction of urban water supply pipe network, the early cast iron pipe joints were mostly designed as hard joints, and the joint forms were mainly lead hemp joints/cement and hemp joints, etc., which were prone to loosening, resulting in water leakage, etc.; later, as urban water supply pipes With the continuous development of mesh material technology and construction level, the form of pipeline interface has gradually changed to asbestos cement/expanded cement and other forms. Although the rigidity and holding force of this type of interface material are good, it is difficult to solve the problem when the pipeline has uneven settlement changes or When the temperature difference shrinks, etc., it is easy to cause the transverse fracture of the pipeline, which will cause the leakage of the urban water supply network.
2. Pipe network leakage caused by pipe quality
The urban water supply pipe network is mainly buried underground. The water supply operation of the pipe network will not only be affected by natural aging after long-term operation, but also easily interfered by factors such as acid-base soil corrosion. Once the quality and anti-corrosion performance of the pipe network are poor, It will lead to the leakage of the pipe network, which will affect the stability and reliability of the water supply operation of the water supply pipe network. In addition, due to the construction of the urban water supply network, various types of pipe network pipes are selected, including concrete pipes, galvanized pipes, steel pipes, PE pipes, PVC pipes, etc., and there are large differences in the manufacturers and process technologies of different pipe materials. There are also differences in the quality of their products; on the other hand, the topographic conditions of urban water supply network construction are different, and the pressure on the water supply network is also different. Among them, some sections of the pipeline network with high pressure are prone to explosion. Pipes or leakage problems, resulting in leakage in the water supply operation of the pipe network.
3. Pipe network leakage caused by design and construction problems
In the design and construction of urban water supply pipe network, the geological conditions and data of the water supply pipe network design and construction area are not fully grasped, which may easily lead to design changes and construction rework, which will affect the design and construction quality of water supply pipe network , leading to leakage during water supply operation. For example, in the design of the back pier of the urban water supply pipe network, because the design of its bearing capacity does not meet the actual requirements, or because of the change of the ground surface subsidence in the construction area of the pipe network, etc., it will cause problems in the design and construction of the water supply pipe network, resulting in pipe Leakage of network water supply operation, etc.
4. Leakage caused by pipeline occupation
During the water supply operation of the urban water supply pipe network, due to the random stacking of objects around the pipes, or the random construction of temporary buildings, etc., the stacked objects or temporary buildings will form an occupation of the construction pipe network, and when the load exceeds the limit standard, There will be changes in the settlement of the area where the pipe network is laid, which will cause pipe breaks or pipe bursts, etc., and affect the reliability of the water supply operation of the water supply pipe network.
5. Other reasons
In addition to the above-mentioned factors, there are certain problems in the water supply marketing management of the urban water supply network, such as inadequate management or insufficient implementation of management responsibilities, and low responsibility awareness of managers, etc. Marketing management problems occurred, resulting in water supply leakage due to failure to check the meter on time. In addition, during the operation of the water supply pipe network, due to the improper measurement and management of water supply by the water supply enterprise, water supply leakage will also occur, which will have a negative impact on the improvement of the water supply service quality of the water supply enterprise and the stability of the water supply operation of the pipe network.
Effective Countermeasures for Leakage Control of Urban Water Supply Network
Combined with the above analysis of the main reasons for the leakage of the urban water supply network, in the control of the leakage of the urban water supply network, first of all, the effective control and management of the leakage of the water supply network should be strengthened in strict accordance with the relevant standards. On the basis of accurate and reliable factory metering and water sales metering of the network operation, the leakage of the water supply pipe network and its adverse impact on the reliability of the pipe network operation are reduced. Among them, in strengthening the factory metering and water sales metering management of the water supply network, we should strictly follow the relevant requirements and guidelines for the allocation and management of urban water supply metering instruments, and at the same time adhere to the periodic appraisal management requirements of factory metering instruments to ensure factory metering. Accurate and reliable metering and sales of water to avoid leakage of water supply pipe network.
Second, the management of the water supply network should be strengthened. To strengthen the management of the water supply pipe network, on the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of the quality inspection team of the water supply pipe network to ensure the construction quality of the water supply pipe network to avoid leakage of the pipe network; The old pipe network pipes and their ancillary facilities that are broken and other conditions should be repaired and replaced in a timely manner to avoid adverse effects on the stable and reliable operation of the urban water supply pipe network. For example, in the repair and maintenance of valve equipment in the water supply network, because it is the main equipment for the water supply operation of the water supply network, only when the performance of the valve is in good condition can it be used in the water supply operation of the water supply network at any time The execution effect of the opening and closing action is guaranteed. Therefore, in the maintenance and maintenance of valves in the water supply network, it is necessary to repair or replace valves that are damaged or cannot be used normally to ensure their normal use in the operation of the water supply network.
In addition, in the process of strengthening and improving the management of the water supply network, the water supply operation management of the water supply network should also be strengthened. On the one hand, a comprehensive and perfect water supply inspection system should be established in combination with the water supply management situation, and all violations of regulations and violations of water use should be conducted. Strictly investigate, deal with and manage to ensure the water supply operation standards and specifications of the water supply network, and avoid the occurrence of water supply network operation leakage caused by irregular water use. On the other hand, in water management, it is also necessary to strengthen the rational configuration and use of fire hydrants and anti-theft devices required for the operation and management of the water supply network, so as to avoid damage to the network caused by water theft during the water supply operation of the water supply network. Operational leakage occurs to ensure the reliability of water supply operation of the water supply network. Strengthening the effective management of the water supply terminal metering work of the water supply network is also an important content of the water supply management of the water supply network. Under normal circumstances, the water supply terminal metering work of the water supply network is mainly based on meter reading statistics and charging, and the water supply terminal metering management of the water supply network is mainly aimed at reducing the production-sales ratio of the water supply network operation, so as to effectively Reduce the loss of water supply operation of the water supply network, and promote the maximization of its water supply operation benefits.
In short, the research on the leakage of urban water supply pipe network and its control measures will help reduce the adverse impact of leakage of urban water supply pipe network on the stability and reliability of water supply operation, and better meet the water demand of urbanization construction and urban residents' production and life , Improving the quality and level of water supply services of water supply enterprises has a very positive role and significance.