WSL2 installs Chinese input method and Chinese fonts

foreword

Recently, due to some needs, I need to linuxdo java development in the environment. I just can try it wsl2 gui. After a lot of tossing, it finally meets my expectations. Here I will record the process of stepping on the pit.

installation steps

Enable WSL2

First of all, WSL2 gui needs to Windows 11 Build 22000be supported by a version above, and then I won’t go into details about the steps to upgrade to Windows 11 and enable WSL2. There are many tutorials on the Internet.

Attachment: official document

Install to specified directory

By default, WSL2系统it will be installed on the C drive, but I have a development-specific SSD hard disk, so it needs to be installed in the specified directory.

This requires manually downloading the installation package for installation, finding the list of operating system installation packages supported by wsl provided by Microsoft, and then downloading the corresponding installation package ( Manual installation steps for older versions of WSL | Microsoft Learn ).

What I downloaded is Ubuntu 20.04, after downloading, change the suffix name to .zipand unzip to the corresponding directory, double-click
ubuntu2004.exeto install it, and then a ext4.vhdxfile will be generated in the directory, which is the disk file mounted by the virtual machine.

Chinese garbled characters repair

After installing IDEA, I opened it and found that all Chinese characters have become garbled characters. In order to solve this problem, Chinese fonts need to be installed.

Install related packages

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sudo apt install language-pack-zh-hans 
sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales #This step should select en_US.UTF-8 and zh_CN.UTF-8, and zh_CN.UTF-8 is the default language 
sudo apt install fontconfig

Install Windows Fonts

Create /etc/fonts/local.confa file with the following content:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
    <dir>/mnt/c/Windows/Fonts</dir>
</fontconfig>

Refresh font cache

1	fc-cache -f -v

Just restart wsl

1	wsl --shutdown

input method problem

Since the bottom layer of wsl gui is still RDP-based remote desktop implementation, the official architecture diagram:

Therefore, the input method cannot be used on the Windows host machine, and the input method needs to be installed in the virtual machine. At present, there is a big problem that the candidate box of the input method will not follow the cursor. Others are temporarily fine and barely usable.

install fcitx

1	sudo apt install fcitx dbus-x11 im-config fcitx-sunpinyin

edit /etc/locale.genfile

1 2	# Find the line # zh_CN.UTF-8 and uncomment zh_CN.UTF-8

edit ~/.profilefile

export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx 
export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx 
export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx 
export DefaultIMModule=fcitx 
fcitx-autostart &>/dev/null

to refresh~/.profile

1	source ~/.profile

At this time, geditthe Chinese input method can be cut out, as shown in the figure:

It should be noted that fcitx’s default input method switching shortcut key is ctrl+space, which will override IDEA’s prompt shortcut key, which can be modified fcitx-config-gtk3, but it cannot conflict with the global hotkey on the Windows host, otherwise it will be invalid.

IDEA input method support

After the above configuration, IDEA can’t cut the input method, so special configuration is required. Edit the IDEA startup script idea.shand add the following configuration to it:

1 2	export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx

Then restart IDEAto cut out the input method, as shown in the figure: