From Programmer to Project Manager: Don't Try to Be Friends with Subordinates

From Programmer to Project Manager: Don't Try to Be Friends with Subordinates

There are often some more capable employees in the project team, who solve problems for the project manager, so they are gradually valued by the project manager. Due to mutual dependence, the two can easily develop into a friendship. Some project managers even treat employees as "confidants" to win over employees, which is actually a very unwise approach.

In a broad sense, colleagues are also friends, and there is friendship between colleagues. Under normal circumstances, the project manager is equidistant from everyone, and the entire team maintains a balance. If the project manager develops a too close friendship with an employee, this balance will be upset, affecting the cohesion of the entire team.

1. Friendships that don't pay off

On the surface, work and friends are not contradictory. Non-vegetation, ruthless Practice makes perfect? Working long-term, creating friendships among colleagues, is understandable, and it also helps build gel teams. But for a manager, it's really inappropriate to show that he has a close friendship with his subordinates. In a project, friendship not only greatly reduces the prestige of the project manager, but also has many other negative effects on the entire project team.

(1) Impossible to be objective and fair

Once subordinates become friends, it is difficult for project managers to be as impartial and objective as before. After all, working in a company is mainly about principles, while friends need to talk about feelings. If friends are based on truth everywhere, and they are based on the principle of right and wrong, it is estimated that such a friend will not last long. Similarly, if too much emotion is brought into the work, the work will become difficult to carry out.

We might as well imagine how you would deal with the following situations after becoming friends with employees:

● When a friend makes inappropriate remarks in public, or disrupts the hierarchical order and workflow within the project, will you criticize him directly like you criticize others? Or use hints that the other party may not understand?

● When evaluating the performance of an employee, will you unconsciously raise some of his scores for emotional reasons?

● Are your requirements reduced or more flexible when your tasks cannot be completed with quality and quantity and on time?

● Are you unable to check his work as naturally as before?

● Are you embarrassed to guide you when you find technical problems while checking his work?

● Are you helpless when he becomes self-righteous and often makes unrealistic suggestions and demands to you?

One side is principle, the other side is friendship, how to choose? This is the dilemma faced by project managers after bringing friendships to work. Faced with the above problems, if the project manager wants to stick to the middle way, he must abandon the emotional factor, be principle-oriented, and make a calm choice based on facts. In this way, no matter what problems may arise in the project in the future, the project manager can have a clear conscience and be well-founded.

(2) To bring misunderstanding and distress to all members

Friendships at work not only bring inconvenience to both parties, but also bring misunderstandings and troubles to other employees, thus affecting the cohesion and combat effectiveness of the project.

There was a famous "Tokyo Incident" at IBM Japan headquarters:

The cause of IBM's "Tokyo Incident" was that IBM Tokyo executives decided to secretly reward several backbones for their outstanding work. This matter was originally a secret, and it is also a routine incentive method at IBM headquarters in the United States. However, to the surprise of the management, some people who did not receive the award came to ask for their resignation shortly after the award recipients left. They didn't do this out of anger. The reason was very simple - others were rewarded heavily, but they were not rewarded, which proved that their work performance was not outstanding, and they were not recognized by their leaders. , take the initiative to apply to leave, so as not to be so embarrassed by the boss to be fired in the future. What makes the management even more unexpected is that when these people just left, those who have been rewarded came back and asked to resign! The reason is simpler-because I was rewarded by my boss, my colleagues lost their jobs; and my colleagues resigned because of this, and the company's work fell into a passive state. Therefore, I am sorry for both my colleagues and the company, so I have to resign resolutely to thank my colleagues and the company.

This incident may seem strange. Rewarding key employees will cause all employees to resign, but it is also understandable because individual secret rewards disrupt the original balance between employees. This incident also made me admire the team spirit of the Japanese, and I think this is also something we should learn from.

虽然故事中是对部分员工进行物质奖励,与我们谈的朋友关系似乎没有什么联系。但两者对团队和谐的破坏是相同的,我们完全可以进行类比。项目经理和下属的朋友关系,在一定程度上,就好比是对个别员工的特殊奖励。其他员工会想,“既然经理跟他这么亲近,对我们这么疏远,想必我们没有什么价值”,这样团队的士气必然大打折扣。项目经理的同事朋友回头一想,也许会觉得“经理对我一个人这么好,肯定会引起其他人的不满,我还是离经理远一点才好”。这样一来,整个团队都会陷入不必要的困扰中。

一个和谐团队内部,员工之间会保持一种微妙的平衡,它源自项目组成员之间彼此平等、互相尊重的关系,以及相互之间的乐于接受的评价和看法。一旦组织内部出现某种特殊关系,这种平衡就会遭到破坏。

在项目中如果项目经理与个别员工建立亲密的朋友关系,这对其他人的思想观念会产生很大的冲击,搞不好就会其他人“三观尽毁”:

● 对自己的看法

他们会想,是不是经理认为我能力差?我在团队是不是不重要?在考核或分配奖金时项目经理会不会也厚此薄彼?在被批评时,会想经理是不是有意对我刻薄?不行,看来没有前途,要走人了!

● 对项目经理“朋友”的看法

那个家伙编程不怎么样嘛,有问题还不是问我?只会花言巧语,博得经理高兴。

● 对项目经理看法

这个项目经理不怎么样,没有威信,喜欢听好话,跟着他干没前途。

也许那个下属确实能力超群,也许项目经理能够尽力把握公正与平衡,但这些不足以挽回项目经理因表面上“偏心”给团队带来在伤害。

2.正确认识员工与公司的关系

为什么项目经理难做?一个重要原因,就是项目经理具有双重身份。当面对员工和客户,他代表公司;面对老板,他又代表员工。因此项目经理经常需要处理公司与个人之间的一些问题,一个经验丰富的项目经理,也必然更加懂得公司与员工之间的关系。

很多公司为了提高凝聚力,宣称 “员工是主人翁”、“公司是大家庭”等等,这得到无数人的认可。既然公司是家庭,那员工也就是家庭成员了,这样看起来员工与公司的关系应该非常亲密,员工之间也应该如同兄弟姐妹一般才对,那项目经理与员工怎么连朋友都做不得了呢?

写到这里,不由得想起了在2004年联想公司的裁员风暴中,曾有一篇流传广泛的文章叫《公司不是家》。作者目睹了曾经一起为梦想奋斗、以联想为家的同事,几天之内一批批被遣散。被裁的员工事先都完全不知情,在面谈之前,他们的一切手续公司都已经办完,邮箱、人力地图、IC卡全部被注销,当他们知道消息以后,两个小时之内必须离开公司。

作者在文中伤感的写道:“我突然想起来二战时某位著名将军说的话:“我让士兵上战场的时候,我会把他们想象成一堆蚂蚁,而不是人。因为我一想到他们有妻子、孩子、父母,我就不忍心让他们去送死。”不知道领导在讨论名单的时候,是把我们想象成蚂蚁吗?……我想,我比许多人都体会深刻。员工和公司的关系,就是利益关系,千万不要把公司当成家。”

联想董事长柳传志也对这篇文章做出了回应,他说:“我很抱歉地对《公司不是家》的作者说,我们考虑问题的角度不同。元庆只能从企业发展的角度,从大局的角度看问题,这才是最根本的以人为本,最根本的为员工负责。如果元庆真的用为局部员工负责的方法去考虑问题,企业就会陷入一片儿女情长之中,完全无法发展,中国就会失去联想。因此企业前进的主旋律只能是战鼓,是激昂。”

大裁员是一件很惨烈的事情,但这不能怪公司,它的生存法则决定了它只能这么做。

通过联想这位员工与老板的对话,其实已经清楚的把员工与公司的关系说出来了,其实公司根本不是什么家,只是工作的地方而已,公司出钱请员工干活,就这么简单。柳传志说裁员是为了更好的以人为本,如果公司是家的话,那这就好比家长对孩子说:“为了让全家人都有饭吃,我只好把你仍掉了”,岂不荒谬?所以那些号称“公司是大家庭”的老板们,如果你们做不到永不裁员、永远要给员工生活的保障,那还是请你们自行撤下这虚伪的面具吧,因为没有哪个家庭会抛弃自己的兄弟和子女。作为员工,也必须清醒的认识到,你和公司之间就是一种利益关系,你是为自己工作,绝不是为了公司这个“家”。你之所以在这里工作,是双方利益的需要,绝不是感情的原因。柳传志所说的“考虑问题的角度不同”,其实质只是利益不同而已。

话已经说得很白了,看上去有点残酷。有些人觉得伤感,好像自己对公司的感情被一棒子打入冰窖,就好像一个活生生的人,突然失去了血肉、变成了骷髅一样。其实大可不必这么想。员工与公司有其相处的模式,只不过这种模式绝不是家庭模式,也不是朋友模式。我们应该坦然面对,细心揣摩,谨慎把握。

项目经理作为管理者,在与员工的相处中,他就代表着公司的利益,这个定位不能错。定位错了,一切都会跟着错。经理把员工当朋友,其实就是一种定位的错误,双方都应该明白这一点。

 

3.怎样对待所倚重的员工

中国人有“士为知己者死”的情结,因此很多管理者想对骨干员工进行感情笼络,以使其长期为公司服务,这可以理解。一个组织中有可以倚重的员工,是一件好事,但怎么用好这些得力干将,就需要好好思考了。感情笼络其实是可以的,只不过要把握好分寸。记住:官场可以有“心腹”,但是职场不行。

在处理好与骨干员工的关系方面,我有以下几条建议:

(1) 让每个人都站在圆周上

也就是所有员都一视同仁。著名职业经理人唐骏的曾提出一个处理管理者与员工关系的“圆心理论”——公司所有的员工都是在圆的周边,管理者在圆心,这就是说管理者和每个员工的距离都是等距离的。

这种圆心距离是一种理想的上级和下级的关系,在这种模式下,团队内部保持了相对的平衡,员工一旦没有这样的平衡,就会有种危机,担心自己是否明天会失宠。这种圆心理论就是让大家感觉到每个人都有一样的机会,只有去努力,认真工作创造成绩才是真正的发展之道。

美学中有一个著名命题:“距离产生美”。人与人之间相处太近,反而不好,就像两只刺猬在一起,只有保持一定的距离,才会相安无事,当然也不可太远,否则就会没有温暖。

要保持这种距离,对项目经理而言,有几点需要特别注意:

● 不把员工当作倾谈对象。不要跟员工讲你的感情生活,讲你的家庭生活细节等。

● 不要和员工表达你的不满情绪,在员工面前,永远是积极的正面的形象。项目经理即使有千万个不满,也不要对员工说,而是与你的上级沟通。

● 不要对某位员工表现出不一样的关系。例如,不要每天固定跟某一位员工一起外出就餐。

● 项目经理言行要有“温度”,不可拒人于千里之外,显得不近人情。

 

(2) 不要混淆了“情理法”的界限

我们大部分人都生活在三个圈子中,即亲友圈、职场圈和官场圈,相应的,我们为人处事的主要依据也依次分为情、理、法。也就是,在与家庭成员和朋友交往时,要讲感情;在公司工作时,要讲道理、以原则为导向;而对于有幸为官的人来说,那就凡事要以法律为准绳了。

 

图 圈子与情理法

每个圈子都有其生存之道,三者都可以相互替代。在家庭和朋友中间,不要过去较真,什么都去讲理、讲法,否则家庭就会少了一份温暖,朋友之间就会多层隔阂;在官场,更加要收敛自己的感情,讲原则更要讲法,不管什么原则,如果与法相违背,也不能作为办事的准则。职场有职场的规则,它介于家庭和官场之间,工作中要适当讲情,但不能为情所左右,也要讲法,但法不是主旋律,职场中最重要的还是理。

中国人往往将情理法相混淆不清,该讲感情的地方过于严苛,该讲理和法的地方,却总掺和过多的感情因素,说什么“人情大过天”,视规则如无物,这该引起我们的深思。

(3) 要保持管理者的“威严”

无疑管理者应当要有威严。没有威严,则难以获得员工的敬重,指令也不会畅达,甚至有令不行,领导力也就无从谈起。

所谓威严,也就是威信、严格。管理者要保持威严,必须要与员工保持适当的距离,特别要注意不要随便和员工开玩笑、讲黄段子或调侃其他人等。孔子说过一句话:“临之以庄,则敬。”意思就是说,领导者不要和下属过分亲近,要与他们保持一定的距离,给下属一个庄重的面孔,这样就可以获得他们的尊敬。

保持威严也有一个度的问题,不要一不小心把它变成了威风、严厉,甚至走向了反面,变得不近人情。一个优秀的管理者应该是威而不凶,严而不苛。

(4) 工作不能讲感情,但要有“人情味”

既然人是有感情的动物,那为什么不能讲感情呢?注意,这里说的“讲感情”,是指做事以感情为导向,被感情所左右,这是工作的大忌。

那管理者与员工之间只能有冰冷的利益关系吗?也不是这样,感情是让团队产生凝聚力的“粘合剂”,管理者在工作中不能讲感情,但是应该要有“人情味”。一个没有人情味的人,不会有人愿意和他交往,一个没有人情味的公司,也不会有员工乐于为它服务。因此作为项目经理,一定要打好感情这张牌,做一个有风度、也有温度的管理者。

项目经理有很多地方可以做得更有人情味,比如:

● 体谅员工家庭难处。例如有些员工因为家庭原因,不能出差,项目经理要体谅,不可强求;

● 员工身体不适住院,可以去医院看望;

● 员工结婚生子,可以送上自己的祝福;

● 员工生日可以组织一起聚餐;

● 员工家庭困难、遭遇变故可以组织爱心捐款等。

管理者应该更多的去关心员工,这与和员工保持距离两者并不矛盾。哪怕你做了一件只对某个或几个员工的关爱小事,其他员工也会觉得他们受到了关爱,因为大家都是等同的,或者说下一个受到关爱的也许就是他。这是一种一视同仁的关爱,员工不但不会“吃醋”,而且会感觉到内心温暖。

(5) 信任员工代替做朋友

对于骨干员工而言,如果你想笼络他,最好的方法就是信任他,并对他委以重任,例如请他在项目中担任小组长。对于他所负责的工作,在目标明确的前提下,不要过多的干预,如果不存在大的偏差,只需稍加过问即可。对员工的不足,也应该委婉的加以提点,这也信任的一种方式。

 

from  http://developer.51cto.com/art/201211/364725.htm

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