Article Directory
Experiment preparation
KVM virtualization platform deployment steps
One, virtual machine resources
CPU: Dual-core dual-thread-CPU virtualization enabled
Memory: 8G
Hard disk: 300G
Network card: Single network card
Operating system: Centos 7.6 (1810)
Note: At this time, you need to reinstall a new virtual machine.
2. Experimental environment
Preparations in the system
1. Modify the host name
hostnamectl set-hostname kvm
su
2. Set the mirrored disc to auto/permanently mount
vim /etc/fstab
/dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 defaults 0 0
mount -a
df -hT
3. Environmental optimization
Set DNS reverse resolution
Whether to reverse DNS resolution , set to NO can make the client connect to the server faster
vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#115行；取消DNS注释，改为NO
UseDNS no
4. Set up a local YUM warehouse
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mkdir repos.bak
mv CentOS-* repos.bak
vim kvm.repo
[kvm]
name=kvm
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
yum clean all && yum repolist
5. Turn off the firewall and core protection
[root@kvm yum.repos.d]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@kvm yum.repos.d]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@kvm yum.repos.d]# setenforce 0
Three, install KVM
(1) Install KVM basic components
#安装 GNOME 桌面环境 如果 Centos 装了图形界面可以不需要装
yum groupinstall -y "GNOME Desktop"
#KVM 模块
yum -y install qemu-kvm
#安装KVM 调试工具,可不安装
yum -y install qemu-kvm-tools
#构建虚拟机的命令行工具
yum -y install virt-install
#qemu 组件,创建磁盘、启动虚拟机等
yum -y install qemu-img
#网络支持工具
yum -y install bridge-utils
#虚拟机管理工具
yum -y install libvirt
#图形界面管理虚拟机
yum -y install virt-manager
#以下是上面安装的内容的汇总
yum groupinstall -y "GNOME Desktop"
yum -y install qemu-kvm
yum -y install qemu-kvm-tools
yum -y install virt-install
yum -y install qemu-img
yum -y install bridge-utils
yum -y install libvirt
yum -y install virt-manager
Check whether the CPU supports virtualization
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep vmx
# 查看CPU是否支持虚拟化
#Check whether the KVM module is installed
Lsmod：显示已载入的系统模块
[root@kvm yum.repos.d]#lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel 183621 0
kvm 586948 1 kvm_intel
irqbypass 13503 1 kvm
(2) Set the display mode of the startup interface
ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/graphical.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target
Fourth, set up the KVM network
Two modes of KVM network：
① NAT: The default setting, the data packet is transmitted through the host interface by NAT, can access the external network, but cannot access the virtual machine network from the outside
②Bridge: This mode allows the virtual machine to have a network like an independent host. The external machine can directly access the inside of the virtual machine, but it needs network card support (generally wired network card supports)
Deploy using Bridge mode
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
BOOTPROTO=none
IPV6INIT=no
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0 #删除原先地址，设置为网桥模式，关联br0网卡
Create and edit bridged network cards
[root@kvm yum.repos.d]#vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
TYPE=Bridge
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=br0
DEVICE=br0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.182.77
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.182.2
systemctl restart network #重启网卡
Five, KVM deployment and management
Create a directory for KVM storage and mirroring data, upload a centos7 mirror
mkdir -p /data/data_kvm/iso
mkdir -p /data/data/_kvm/store
Note: I use the windows shared directory for linux here, and use the mirror file in windows directly
mount.cifs //192.168.182.1/AOLIGEI /data
cd /data
cp -p CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708.iso /data_kvm/iso &
ll /data_kvm/iso/
This is the location of my windows image file
Six, use the virtual system manager to manage virtual machines
Create ideas:
- Create storage pool (ISO, STORE)
- Add storage volume
- Create a virtual machine
virt-manager
(1) Create a storage pool
(2) Create a storage volume
(3) Create a virtual machine
The subsequent operation is actually to install centos7 normally, so I won’t go into details, it may be stuck because the allocated configuration is not too high.
