table of Contents
lab environment
Redhat Enterprise 8 real host: kvm higher hardware requirements for the host, try to do the experiment in real linux machine
on this host structures yum source , you can install the software;
on the host set up a DHCP server , virtual machine is allocated to the new IP ;
on the host configuration vsftpd service for shared image resource
for the kvm interface to configure the network bridge
①: write ifcfg-br0, ifcfg-ens160 file separately
②: restart the network, view the device connections, view IP, network configuration was successful
1. kvm installation
1.1 Installation conditions
- inter cpu support function vmx
- amd cpu support function svm
1.2 Installation
| Package | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Virtualization Client | Client virtualization |
| Virtualization Tools | Virtualization tools |
| Virtualization Hypervisor | Virtualization core suite |
Three or more mounting assembly
2. virtualization-related information
- Service Name: libvirtd
- Virtualization Core: qemu / kvm
- Virtualized storage directory (virtual hard disk): / var / lib / libvirt / images / xxxx.qcow2
- Virtualized hardware information: /etc/libvirt/qemu/xxxx.xml
3. Manually install the virtual machine
3.1, install the virtual machine local resources
①: Open the Virtual Machine Manager:virt-manager
②: new virtual machine, select the local installation
②: a virtual machine configured to set: the graphics virtual machine is mounted, minimum 768MB memory, a hard disk 6GB minimum size, selecting a network connection bridge mode
③: the virtual machine is created, can be information on the hardware adjustment, generally choose the default, click begin install, start installing virtual machine
④: virtual machine can be installed into the system interface, our installation instructions set no problem, you can install the system properly
3.2, install the virtual machine network resources
①: Before doing the experiment network installation, make sure you can access through the browser to the mirror system resources, and DHCP service turned
②: create a new virtual machine, select Network Installation
③: Fill system image path, setting hardware information
④: Click to begin installation, start install virtual machine
⑤: virtual machine can be installed into the page, the system can be normal to start the installation
4. Virtual Machine Manager command
| command | Explanation |
|---|---|
| virt-viewer virtest | Virtual machine display virtest |
| virt-manager | Open Virtual Machine Controller |
| virsh list | Column running virtual machines |
| virsh list --all | Lists all the virtual machines |
| virsh start virtest | Open virtest virtual machine |
| virsh shutdow virtest | Normally closed virtest virtual machine |
| virsh destory virtest | Virtual machine off virtest |
| virsh define virtest.xml | Restore virtual machine hardware information file |
| virsh create virtest.xml | Open the virtual machine hardware information file |
| virsh undefine virtset | To delete a virtual machine hardware information |
Example:
5. Virtual machine snapshots
- A snapshot is a timely copy virtual machine disk files at some point. System crash or system anomalies, you can revert to the snapshot file system and to keep the disk storage system by using.
- The difference between snapshots and clones: Snapshots can not be run independently from the original virtual machine, cloning is part from the original virtual machine, full clones are completely divorced from the original virtual machine.
- Create a virtual machine snapshot: Example: virtest-1.qcow2 to the original virtual machine image file, node1.qcow2 the snapshot file
qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b /var/lib/libvirt/images/virtest-1.qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/node1.qcow2
6. virtual machine snapshot script
We will create a snapshot of command and command to import a snapshot of the virtual machine installation script is written, you need to install a new virtual machine, you can execute the script
①: vir_test.sh write a script, file extension must besh
②：&1When a script executes, said character input, where as a virtual machine snapshot name and file name
③: save and exit the script file, perform the installation snapshot script (node2 is the name of a custom virtual machine), you can see the virtual machine page, node2 virtual installation success
