The standard for contemporary young people is not dry rice with milk tea, but overtime for free. Have you seen the city at 4 in the morning? Have you experienced the feeling of working overtime until you cry without tears? Have you ever had the experience of being suddenly summoned back to the computer by @ on your annual vacation?
If the above problems are all covered, congratulations, you are already a hit worker who has suffered from overtime.
How serious is the overtime work of contemporary young people? According to the "2019 White-collar 996 Work System Special Research Report" released by Zhaopin.com, this year, over 80% of white-collar workers are working overtime every week, more than 70% of white-collar workers are working overtime without compensation, and over 20% of white-collar workers are working overtime without compensation every day. .
They work an average of 6.45 hours of overtime per week, only in exchange for the boss to realize wealth and freedom as soon as possible.
Overtime work of hit workers in 2019
Let’s look at another data. Didi once counted the company that worked the most overtime in 2016. JD.com won the first place, with an average off-get off work time of 23:16. There are 20 days of overtime every month, followed by Tencent at 22:50. The third place is 58 at 22:37.
Top 3 companies with the worst overtime in 2016
The increasingly serious "unconditional 996" of Internet giants can't help but make people wonder: how does overtime become a standard feature of Internet giants?
01
High salary, the temptation to work overtime
Overtime work is directly related to the degree of competition in the industry.
With the change of air outlets, in the past few years, there have been new overtime hard-hit areas every year:
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In 2017, the most severe overtime work was the collaborative office software. A CEO once publicly stated that overtime work less than 1 a.m. was considered unqualified.
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In 2018, the short video battle started, and Douyin forced Kuaishou from weekends to weekends.
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In 2019, online education is in full swing, and the tutors of Ape Guidance and Homework Assistant are still chatting with parents about renewal fees at midnight...
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By 2020, community group buying has allowed Dachang to open the "Overtime Extreme Challenge", Didi "9, 12, 7", Meituan Maid "0, 0, 7", and Pinduoduo "11, 2, 7".
Under such blessings, many people have had the urge to resign more than once, but most people still did not act.
This seems to have become a paradox: while everyone hates work beyond eight hours, they also participate in overtime dutifully to achieve a weird "dynamic balance" of production order.
Why do migrant workers resist with their lips, but their bodies work overtime voluntarily? Money is the reason that cannot be avoided.
At the offershow, someone broke the news about the latest salaries of fresh graduates from major Internet companies. In the table, sp stands for more advanced offers, high-quality students are recommended first, and the level of ssp is higher than sp, which symbolizes the most advanced students.
A list of the latest salaries of major Internet companies
If the source of the data is true, then the monthly salary of most recent technical post graduates from major Internet companies is around 14,000 yuan, and the salary is around 15 or 16 a year.
Their average annual salary is more than 200,000, SP can get 300,000, and ssp can generally get 400,000 annual salary.
Pinduoduo has the highest annual salary, and the most common technical post is over 400,000. Calculating the rate of salary increase, you can get a down payment within three years of employment, and you can buy a house in six years, reaching the height that other industries can only reach in ten years.
But such a high salary, in most cases, comes at the cost of continuously giving away personal time.
The company pays twice the salary to attract employees to join, and finally one person completes the workload of three people. On the surface, they get a salary that is much higher than the average level, but if you calculate the overall working time, the average salary per hour is actually not high.
Suppose a JD employee earns 15,000 yuan a month and works 12 hours a day. This kind of work is maintained for 25 days, and 1 hour is worth 50 yuan. Such hourly wages account for the majority of Internet users.
Research data from Zhaolian Recruitment shows that nearly half of Internet companies earn 20-50 yuan an hour, and 21.2% of Internet people earn less than 20 yuan an hour.
For comparison, in Beijing, McDonald's is earning 17 yuan per hour this year. Working overtime may not get the high salary you imagined.
Internet people's hourly salary range
02
How the capital game induces employees to work overtime voluntarily
If there are two jobs to choose from, one with a monthly salary of 15,000 yuan, working 12 hours a day, six days off and one day off; the other with a monthly salary of 9,000 yuan, nine to five days, two days off every week, and an hourly salary of 50 yuan, you will Which one to choose?
Which two offers with different salaries and working hours are more tempting? According to a survey released by a recruitment platform, 60.6% of people still think: “As long as you have more money, you can work overtime and anything.”
Even knowing that high Internet salaries are tantamount to a scam of exploitation in disguise, why do people spontaneously participate in the "overtime game"? This involves the capital logic of the Internet and the culture of "overtime recognition".
For world-class Internet companies, the sense of corporate security usually comes from the control of technology, and in China, competition for monetization of traffic outside of technology is equally important.
Take the community group buying app as an example. As long as you are willing to attract users with the “0 yuan grab, buy and give, and break the fracture”, you can use money to make an industry leader, and other capital will follow suit. If the funds continue, the flow will continue, and there is no need to worry about the way to realize it.
In this context, companies have only one requirement for the project-"fast", at least faster than the rate at which capital burns money before the game can continue to play.
As a result, the production methods of Internet companies have changed. In the past, Internet companies mostly adopted the waterfall development method, and the product development cycle had to go through a long phase of requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, and release. Generally, it took 3 to 6 months to launch a complete product architecture.
Today, the company has become an agile development model, with products being launched first and then adjusted according to customer requirements.
Changes in production methods of Internet companies
This requires a very strong work rhythm. After the model changes, the technical department is meticulously split into front-end, R&D, testing, operation and maintenance positions.
The subdivision of work types brings about the proceduralization and mechanization of the production process. The core demand behind it is efficiency and profit. As long as each employee does his part, the entire efficiency machine can be operated.
In this kind of production logic, what is needed is not employees who are working from 9 to 5 and who have spare time after get off work, but are "overtime workers" who can open camp cots and sleep in the company at any time.
For the boss, the spiritual needs of employees are not that important. Everyone is like a screw. As long as they play their due role and make the gears turn smoothly, the management will not consider whether it is a joy or not. Of screws.
This is how the overtime closed loop was born. For companies, only by expanding the scale of personnel and increasing production speed can they meet capital requirements, continue to make profits, and maintain high-speed expansion; while employees can only operate uninterruptedly to keep up with the company’s production speed. In order to have the opportunity to join the capital game and get a high salary.
Overtime closed-loop diagram
Nowadays, 100,000 employees of large factories are not new, and the Internet is becoming a labor-intensive industry.
Alibaba has more than 100,000 employees in 2019, and JD.com has even more. In September 2020, it has exceeded 320,000, minus 180,000 logistics personnel, and there are 140,000 employees. The HR department has to help hundreds of people apply for employment every day, and there are many resignation procedures to be processed on the same day.
Schematic diagram of the increase in the number of Internet companies
After the expansion of personnel, the "big company disease" followed. Internet companies should have improved efficiency, but the bigger the company, the more overtime that has nothing to do with performance.
For example, when the company’s output has recently stagnated, the superiors will look for "Schrodinger’s performance" by extending working hours: brainstorming sessions after get off work, and planning papers to be handed in on Mondays on weekends...sometimes, it should be resolved It is not an overtime system, but a leader who makes you work overtime meaninglessly.
03
How to escape from "self-exploitation"
As far as employees are concerned, working overtime will not only affect their health, but also make people ignore themselves and even produce "self-exploitation".
Going to work is essentially a time transaction, where capitals use money and resources to buy employees' working days. But Marx pointed out in Das Kapital that the working day is a variable, like a spring that can stretch and shrink.
The nature of the bourgeoisie is to extend the working day as much as possible, constantly testing the boundaries of employees' overtime. At the same time, capitalist production has dual characteristics. It not only requires the production of material goods, but also requires the free labor of employees to produce surplus value for the benefit of capitalists.
"Das Kapital" sounded the alarm
The longer your spring stretches, the greater the surplus value you produce. What the capitalists bought was not the 8-hour working hours per day, but the infinite possibilities of extending working hours. In other words, you are buying a "monthly subscription with unlimited data".
The essence of capital
In this transaction, there are serious power inequality and information asymmetry between the buyer and the seller. You may have overestimated your ability to bear it. Without you knowing it, your work has exceeded your mental and physical limits.
Many people actually realize that their body and mind are on the verge of collapse, and even their life is out of balance, but they are still unwilling to withdraw-the reason is just that they can't pass their own barriers.
Some people are reluctant to "freedom of consumption" in exchange for high income, and even fall into a compensatory consumerism because of this, but they don't realize that this is exactly what capital wants to see.
The more the hitters earn and the more tired they work overtime, the more likely they are to produce retaliatory consumption. After the overdraft consumption, more work is needed to pay off credit cards and flower bills. Therefore, capitalists prefer to beat workers into consumerism. This is the way for capital to maintain its active market.
Maybe there is no way to completely avoid overtime, but we can at least be "sober in the world", have our own bottom line, and find a balance that belongs to you. If you want to accurately describe this balance point, you can use such an economic model analogy.
At work, the longer the working hours, the higher the marginal cost of work. If a salesperson works for 8 hours and can win 18 customers, but then wants to win the 19th and 20th customers, it may take twice or even 3 times the time.
Schematic diagram of overtime efficiency taking sales as an example
However, in this process, the marginal utility is actually diminishing-working for 8 hours, you may feel that you get 400 yuan today and you are in a good mood, but you may feel too tired after working 13 hours, and the extra 250 yuan earned is not so impressive. Happy.
Hijackers always think that the higher the income, the better, but this is not the real benefit. The true benefit is the area enclosed by the marginal revenue curve, minus the area enclosed by the marginal cost curve.
Schematic diagram of marginal cost and marginal benefit of overtime workers
If you draw a net income curve based on this, when the two lines cross, the total income can reach the maximum. At this time, the benefits from overtime can just make up for your physical and mental discomfort. This is the optimal strategy.
However, if you continue to squeeze yourself out in exchange for higher income, the area of net income will decrease, causing loss to yourself.
Strike the balance point of maximizing the income of workers' working hours
We must always observe whether we have entered the interval of internal friction, whether we are emotionally healthy, whether our body has called the police, and we must always evaluate which critical point is "unworthy" during work, and re-examine what work has brought us. What's taken from me.
The reward of hitting workers may be a decent life in exchange for a high salary, or a sense of achievement and satisfaction at the job, but it will never burn out your life in the endless 996 overtime.
I hope every hit worker can find his own real blessing.
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