Blockchain and blockchain industry trends

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21CTO Guide: Want to learn more about blockchain? Please take a look at this article, which provides an in-depth introduction to Blockchain and how it has become one of the largest software platforms in the world today.


What is blockchain? I believe someone will ask. Blockchain technology is still in its infancy. I think writing an article on "What is Blockchain" is still suitable for many students. As a developer, you should let yourself embrace the blockchain. This article is presented as a dialogue. I believe that good questions are as important as good answers. In the conversation here, there are three characters, myself, Rohit and Ms. Madhvi .


Ideas and trends


Madhvi: What is a blockchain?


Rohit: Well... this is a new platform technology that has now become a global technology trend. People all over the world are talking about it.


Madhvi: Can you tell me more...


Rohit : Why are you interested in it?


Madhvi: I want to know what took you so long and attracted so much attention. In addition, I like to follow the latest trends. I am also not opposed to modern technology.


Rohit : Hmm...it looks like you have a very good question. Tell me what do you want to know?


Madhvi: Okay, so... Blockchain, no matter what it is, what problems does it solve?


Rohit: Let's look at a few examples to understand these issues.


Suppose you come across a website provided by a new company. This website is not very well-known yet, so you can't be sure whether it is genuine or not. You found some unique goods on that website, which are not available elsewhere, and you want to buy it. Transactions can be carried out in one of the following ways:


1. Based on trust-you decide to trust the website and pay for the goods. Here, the website may not sell genuine goods, so you may not receive the purchased goods and your money is gone.


2. Contract-based-You decide to sign a contract with the website before payment, which is the terms of the agreement they agree to. But if the website is not selling genuine goods, you may not receive the purchased goods, and you will have no money. In this case, according to the digital contract, you have a legal way to get your money back.


3.第三方(中心服务机构) - 这是你们双方信任的第三方,比如您向第三方支付宝、微信等支付款项。一旦第三方确认向网站付款,他们就会发出购买的物品。货物确认后,第三方向公司支付款项。这对商家与用户双方都很有效,而且都很开心。此过程中,双方向第三方支付额外费用。第三方收取的建立信任的服务费用,否则这是不可能建立的。


在上述情况下,情况也可以逆转。即使在购买商品发货后,网站也可能不会收到付款。在区块链之前,这是交换价值的常用方式。


这些第三方系统工作时,也存在一些自己的问题。


问题1:基于信任的系统限制商业机会,因为它们只能在相互认识的人之间创建。

问题2:基于合约的系统比基于信任的系统要好,因为它可以在两个未知方之间工作。但是,如果合约被打破,需要时间,精力和金钱来弥补损失。

问题3:第三方的系统要求你向其支付额外费用以建立信任因子。

问题4:这个第三方也有可能是个流氓,圈钱逃走。


另外,我们来看看汇款行业。汇款是不同国家的个人资金转移。移民国家的钱与国际援助竞争,成为发展中国家最大的资金流入之一。根据世界银行的数据,在2017年,官方记录到中低收入国家的汇款为4,660亿美元,全球向高收入国家的汇款为6,13亿美元。


发生的汇款费用平均高达9%。简单的数学计算,当2017年汇款额达到4660亿美元时,汇款费用在400亿美元左右。


问题5:跨境资金转移的交易费用相当高。现在,我们来看一下小额支付。小额支付是一种涉及非常小的金钱的金融交易,通常是一种在线发生的金融交易。阻碍小额支付系统出现的一个问题是需要将单个交易的成本保持在较低水平,即使交易费用仅为几美分,在交易这种小额资金时也是不切实际的。


问题#6传统的系统使得执行微支付不可行。而区块链是解决所有这些问题的答案。这项技术可以在不产生任何重大额外成本的情况下实现价值转移,它也允许在没有建立信任或任何中介的情况下进行价值交换。


Madhvi:通过这些例子,我理解它解决的问题。但是任何技术要成为全球趋势,它应该在更广泛的范围内以及各个行业产生更大的影响。那么,它对不同的行业和业务会有什么影响呢?


Rohit:区块链的想法是开创性的。它可以(也可能会)改变我们今天所知的世界。


今天的区块链与90年代早期的互联网非常相似,这是一种只有极客才会使用的新技术,一种未来模糊的技术。


区块链也与互联网类似,因为区块链从根本上缓解&降低了分享,转移或交换价值的成本。


几乎所有涉及某种交易的行业都可能会被区块链颠覆。


区块链的价值


区块链于2016年进入Gartner技术趋势技术趋势周期,使其成为全球不同行业正在评估的顶级技术列表。


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网络上有很多关于其对各行业的潜在影响的信息。这是一张列出区块链真实世界用例的图片。


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我们做一个有趣的举措来创建一个新的,反脆弱的系统,以改善人类生活,因为我们正在创造趋同的,指数级的技术变革。这是一个很有意思的事,谈到“创造性破坏外部性”,这是技术创新的结果,改变/破坏了现有的结构/系统,发生这种情况时,会导致某种不稳定。


在过去,技术被视为将效率和成本效益带入现有系统的手段。但是,一段时间以来,技术进步给几个行业带来了颠覆,并改变了传统和传统IT系统。在这个过程中,有几家公司等待着“下一个新事物”,认为它不会影响他们,但是这些公司都消失了。


话虽如此,任何新技术都不能简单地加入到公司的清单中,它必须成为一种趋势。应该仔细分析业务和技术,了解如何通过业务转型来创造战略优势或新的业务渠道。技术进步已成为任何企业的关键,它需要谨慎评估和采用,才能在竞争中生存,成功脱颖而出。


听起来像是一场军备竞赛,那是因为它真的是!


Madhvi:嗯,“区块链的价值在于互联网的信息”,这是一个有趣的评论。区块链似乎确实在商业带来了无法预知的变化,在此之前,建立信任而没有任何第三方是不可想象的。嘿,顺便问一句,你能告诉我整个事情是如何开始的吗?


Rohit : Yes, I forgot to discuss it, and you just mentioned it. If this is not said, any conversation about blockchain is incomplete. Blockchain was invented as part of Bitcoin, the most watched digital currency project. There is a person or team named Satoshi Nakamoto (Satoshi Nakamoto) who is behind the brain.


Madhvi: Okay, now I have an overall concept of the problems that the block side can solve, including why it is a global technology trend. In addition, I also know which of these will be interesting. Can you explain the technical principles of blockchain?


Rohit: At the highest level, the blockchain is built using peer-to-peer networks, asymmetric encryption, hash algorithms, and Merkel Trees technology. The peer-to-peer network makes the blockchain a distributed system, replacing the intermediary in the traditional system. Using asymmetric cryptography, any transaction cannot be tampered with. Hash is used to build various security functions. The ultimate purpose of using hash is to make any transaction unchangeable. Finally, Merkel Trees is based on a hash algorithm to build a tree, it is used to maintain transactions within the block, and it is also used to optimize the blockchain.


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