1. Related classification of IP address
Address classification: ABCDE, where ABC is a unicast address, D is a multicast address, and E is a reserved address.
Note: Only unicast addresses can be used as source IP addresses and configured for use by devices; all types Addresses can be used as target IP addresses;
based on an 8-bit classification:
1-126 Class A 128-191
Class B
192-223 Class C
224-239 Class D
240-255 Class E
Among them, the subnet mask of Class A address—255.0 .0.0
subnet mask address -255.255.0.0 class B
subnet mask of the class C address -255.255.255.0
its network of descending
Second, special IP addresses:
1,127 loopback address (also known as Loopback address) 127.0.0.1, test the network encapsulation and decapsulation of the local system 2,
0.0.0.0 — all (default) none (invalid)
3. 255.255.255.255 restricted (router) broadcast address
4, host bits are all 0- —In a network segment, the host bits are all 0
192.168.1.x 255.255.255.0 == 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
network number, which identifies a network segment, not a configurable IP address.
Network number abbreviation: 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 =192.168.1.0/24
5. The host bit is all 1
192.168.1.255/24=192.168.1.11111111/24 Direct broadcast address, not a configurable IP address
6,169.254.0.0/16 This low-link address automatic private
address fails to obtain an IP address locally through DHCP, an automatically assigned IP address ;
three, VLSM- variable length subnet mask - subnet
with subnet mask by extending the length of the bit borrow bit from the host to the network; and cut into a plurality of logical segment number;
IV. CIDR-Classless inter-domain routing—take the same bit and go to different positions.
Subnet summary: After summary, the mask length of the summary address is greater than or equal to the main class. Supernet : After summary, the mask length of the
summary address is less than the main class. ；
Fifth, equipment login and basic configuration
Network cable—RJ-45 twisted pair (100M) 1000M over 5 and over
10000M and over 6
optical fiber string RJ-11 telephone line
RJ-45 twisted-pair cable There are two line sequences 568A 568B
at both ends different order, or 568B- 568A are straight lines, parallel lines between devices use different layers
at both ends of the different line-sequentially, one end 568A and the other end 568B of the same layer as the cross-line equipment
six basic network configuration using eNSP
DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol - the same Distribute management ip address to
become a DHCP server conditions:
1. The device must have an interface or network card connected to the broadcast domain of the address to be decentralized
2. The interface or network card must already have a legal ip address and can communicate
(1) First, the topology is established. Network, as shown in the figure below
(2) Manually configure the IP address for the router, as shown in the figure
(3) Open DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol, uniformly distribute and manage IP addresses
(4) Uniformly distribute IP 
(5) Successfully connect computers to each other
7. Basic software configuration commands
User mode can view all device parameters
system-view and type system view commands
[Huawei] System mode can manage equipment
[Huawei—? ? ? ] Other modes; all kinds of special configuration modes
quit quit layer by layer
Help system
:? After viewing the mode or command, you can type words and comments.
Tab key to automatically complete the word
display this to view all commands configured at this location
[Huawei] display current-configuration view all configuration commands on the device
[Huawei]i nterface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 enters an interface
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 configure ip address
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] quit to exit this mode
[Huawei] Run the display ip interface the Brief View Interface Summary
[Huawei] dhcp enable to enable DHCP service
[Huawei] ip pool a creates a pond named a. Multiple ponds can be created on one device, but one pond can only serve one broadcast domain
[Huawei-ip-pool-a] network 192.168.1.0 mask 24 associated interface
[Huawei-ip-pool-a] gateway-list 192.168.1.1 gateway address
[Huawei**-ip-pool-a] dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8 ** The addresses of two DNS servers
The dhcp service must also be enabled on the interface that needs to be addressed
[Huawei] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global