In recent years, my country's agricultural greenhouses have developed rapidly, but the management of these greenhouses is mainly done manually, and the technical content of management is very low. With the rapid increase of greenhouse planting area, relying solely on manual management can no longer meet the demand for efficient agricultural production. With the further development of the Internet of Things technology, a sensor network can be built to monitor the greenhouse. Through various sensors, such as temperature sensor, humidity sensor, light sensor, soil moisture sensor and soil pH sensor, etc., automatic monitoring of the growth environment of greenhouse crops can be realized, thereby promoting the improvement of agricultural production efficiency.
Development background of the greenhouse monitoring system : In the artificial insulation facilities used in agricultural production, the greenhouse is a glass greenhouse or a plastic greenhouse, which can manually adjust the temperature and humidity of the greenhouse. Greenhouses are mainly used for super-season cultivation of vegetables, so that they can continue to produce vegetables in unsuitable seasons. For example, in the cold northern regions, using greenhouse agricultural technology, fresh vegetables can also be produced in winter, and can meet the needs of the local market. Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, light intensity, and CO2 concentration in the greenhouse cultivation environment have a great impact on crop production. The traditional method of manually monitoring the environmental parameters of crop growth is difficult to meet the purpose of implementing efficient and precise control of the greenhouse. In view of the current large-scale development and monitoring trend of greenhouses, the use of Internet of Things technology to build a real-time monitoring system for greenhouses will help improve the production efficiency of greenhouses and produce more quality vegetables.
The overall design of the greenhouse monitoring system : The system developed in this chapter can effectively monitor the key parameters of crop growth in the greenhouse. These factors include air temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide content, soil temperature and humidity and other data, and send the data to the data service center . After intelligent data processing in the data service center, relevant management personnel can remotely monitor the greenhouse in real time through text messages, PC terminals, etc.
Greenhouse monitoring system network design : as shown in Figure 18-3, the temperature and humidity sensors connected to the ZigBee gateway in the figure form a wireless sensor network. Various data are collected through the sensor network and transmitted to the gateway. The gateway will The data is stored in the Sqlite3 database. At the same time, the gateway sends real-time data to the remote server. Users can display the real-time environmental data of the greenhouse processed by the data service center through PC terminals, IPTV and smart phones.
Intelligent greenhouse monitoring system network topology diagram
Real-time data collection method of greenhouse monitoring system : The hardware used for real-time monitoring of greenhouses includes wireless ZigBee temperature and humidity sensors, ZigBee CO2 sensors and IoT gateways. There is a ZigBee communication module on the IoT gateway, which can communicate with the sensor network, collect data from various wireless sensors, and store the data in an embedded database. After intelligently processing the data stored in the embedded database, the gateway sends the data to the IoT data service center through WiFi or 3G communication interface.
The function design of the greenhouse monitoring system : through the data collected by the sensor, the temperature, humidity and CO2 concentration can be monitored in real time. When the temperature, humidity and CO2 concentration reach the set threshold, the alarm system will be triggered to notify the user. At the same time, it also accesses the web server of the greenhouse monitoring system, and sets the interval of automatic watering through the web page or manually turns on the greenhouse watering function. The greenhouse monitoring system can realize real-time monitoring data of line graph, pie chart and column graph display through JFreeChart technology. The basic management functions of the greenhouse management system include user registration, user login, real-time data query and user management, which are described as follows. Users can register online. After successful registration, you can log in at the login location of the website.
Hardware implementation of the greenhouse monitoring system : The hardware of the agricultural greenhouse monitoring system consists of three parts: sensor-based front-end information collection terminal, wireless network and monitoring system server management platform. Since the wireless network and server management platform is similar to the traditional Internet network and server hardware, here are some sensors and linkage control devices that are closely related to the Internet of Things.
Greenhouse monitoring system software implementation : The greenhouse real-time monitoring system software platform developed in this chapter consists of data acquisition, data transmission, data processing and data display and other functional modules.
Sensor data acquisition and transmission : The collection and transmission of real-time data on the growth environment of crops in greenhouses is accomplished through the IoT gateway. As a background program, the developed program can be started and run as soon as it is turned on. The program can collect various environmental data from the wireless sensor network in real time through the ZigBee module, and store these data in the embedded database of the gateway. Another process of the same gateway program can perform preliminary processing on real-time data and send the corrected data to the IoT data service center.
Summary : Agriculture is the traditional pillar industry of our national economy. Due to environmental pollution, the current agricultural production environment in my country is becoming more and more severe. Agricultural greenhouses can produce a large number of high-quality agricultural products to meet people's dietary needs while controlling environmental pollution. The total area of greenhouse crops in my country has exceeded 15 million mu. The use of the Internet of Things technology to develop an intelligent real-time monitoring system for greenhouses can strengthen the information and scientific management of greenhouse production, thereby increasing the economic and social benefits of greenhouse production. This chapter first introduces the development background of the greenhouse monitoring system, and then discusses the overall design of the greenhouse monitoring system, the hardware implementation of the greenhouse monitoring system and the software implementation of the greenhouse monitoring system.