springboot创建三个线程池，每个业务对应一个线程池

1.springboot线程池配置

@Configuration
@EnableAsync
public class ThreadPoolTaskConfig {

/** 
 *   默认情况下，在创建了线程池后，线程池中的线程数为0，当有任务来之后，就会创建一个线程去执行任务，
 *	当线程池中的线程数目达到corePoolSize后，就会把到达的任务放到缓存队列当中；
 *  当队列满了，就继续创建线程，当线程数量大于等于maxPoolSize后，开始使用拒绝策略拒绝 
 */
	
	/** 核心线程数（默认线程数） */
	private static final int corePoolSize = 1;
	/** 最大线程数 */
	private static final int maxPoolSize = 5;
	/** 允许线程空闲时间（单位：默认为秒） */
	private static final int keepAliveTime = 10;
	/** 缓冲队列大小 */
	private static final int queueCapacity = 0;
	/** 线程池名前缀 */
	private static final String threadNamePrefix = "Async-Service-";
	
	@Bean("taskExecutor") // bean的名称，默认为首字母小写的方法名
	public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor(){
		ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
		executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);   
		executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
		executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
		executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(keepAliveTime);
		executor.setThreadNamePrefix(threadNamePrefix);
		
		// 线程池对拒绝任务的处理策略
        // CallerRunsPolicy：由调用线程（提交任务的线程）处理该任务
//		executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
		//maxPoolSize+queueCapacity多余的线程丢弃抛出异常
//		executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());
		//maxPoolSize+queueCapacity多余的线程丢弃
//		executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy());
		//maxPoolSize+queueCapacity多余的线程丢弃
		executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy());
		// 初始化
		executor.initialize();
		return executor;
	}
		
	@Bean("taskExecutorCOMM") // bean的名称，默认为首字母小写的方法名
	public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutorCOMM(){
		ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
		executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);   
		executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
		executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
		executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(keepAliveTime);
		executor.setThreadNamePrefix(threadNamePrefix);
		
		// 线程池对拒绝任务的处理策略
		// CallerRunsPolicy：由调用线程（提交任务的线程）处理该任务
//		executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
		executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy());
		// 初始化
		executor.initialize();
		return executor;
	}
	@Bean("taskExecutorICBC") // bean的名称，默认为首字母小写的方法名
	public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutorICBC(){
		ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
		executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);   
		executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
		executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
		executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(keepAliveTime);
		executor.setThreadNamePrefix(threadNamePrefix);
		
		// 线程池对拒绝任务的处理策略
		// CallerRunsPolicy：由调用线程（提交任务的线程）处理该任务
//		executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
		executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy());
		// 初始化
		executor.initialize();
		return executor;
	}
}

2.创建异步调用方法

@Service
public class OrderTaskServic {
	@Autowired
	private BOCOrderService bOCOrderService;
	@Autowired
	private COMMOrderService cOMMOrderService;
	@Autowired
	private ICBCOrderService iCBCOrderService;
	// 订单处理任务
	public void orderTask() throws InterruptedException {
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			bOCOrderService.roll("513436200012213845", "展示", "云南", "泸水", "15236528965");
			bOCOrderService.roll("513436200012213845", "展示", "云南", "泸水", "15236528965");
			bOCOrderService.roll("513436200012213845", "展示", "云南", "泸水", "15236528965");
			
			cOMMOrderService.roll("513436200012213845", "展示", "云南", "泸水", "15236528965");
			cOMMOrderService.roll("513436200012213845", "展示", "云南", "泸水", "15236528965");
			cOMMOrderService.roll("513436200012213845", "展示", "云南", "泸水", "15236528965");
			
			iCBCOrderService.roll("513436200012213845", "展示", "云南", "泸水", "15236528965");
			iCBCOrderService.roll("513436200012213845", "展示", "云南", "泸水", "15236528965");
			iCBCOrderService.roll("513436200012213845", "展示", "云南", "泸水", "15236528965");
		}
	}
}

3.创建三个异步方法

@Slf4j
@Service
public class COMMOrderService {
	@Async("taskExecutorCOMM")
	public void roll(String cardId, String name, String provinceAbbr, String cityAbbr, String phone) {
		log.info("[{}]COMM开始轮询", Thread.currentThread().getId());
		try {
			Thread.sleep(5000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		log.info("[{}]COMM结束轮询", Thread.currentThread().getId());
	}
}

@Slf4j
@Service
public class ICBCOrderService {
	@Async("taskExecutorICBC")
	public void roll(String cardId, String name, String provinceAbbr, String cityAbbr, String phone) {
		log.info("[{}]ICBC开始轮询",Thread.currentThread().getId());
		try {
			Thread.sleep(5000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		log.info("[{}]ICBC结束轮询",Thread.currentThread().getId());
	}
}

@Slf4j
@Service
public class BOCOrderService {
	@Async("taskExecutor")
	public void roll(String cardId, String name, String provinceAbbr, String cityAbbr, String phone) {
		log.info("[{}]开始轮询",Thread.currentThread().getId());
		try {
			Thread.sleep(5000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		log.info("[{}]结束轮询",Thread.currentThread().getId());
	}
}

4.输出结果

5.注意事项：
如下方式会使@Async失效

一、异步方法使用static修饰
二、异步类没有使用@Component注解（或其他注解）导致spring无法扫描到异步类
三、调用方法不能与被调用的异步方法在同一个类中
四、类中需要使用@Autowired或@Resource等注解自动注入，不能自己手动new对象
五、如果使用SpringBoot框架必须在启动类中加@EnableAsync注解